Self-Stigma in Patients with Endogenous Mental Disorders: A Cross-Sectional Comparative Study.

Background: Self-stigma remains one of the most vexing issues in psychiatry. It complicates the treatment and social functioning of patients with endogenous psychiatric disorders. Identifying the specific features of self-stigma depending on the type and duration of the endogenous mental illness can help solve this problem.

[Socio-demographic and clinical-psychological characteristics of patients with residual schizophrenia and directions of their psychosocial rehabilitation].

Objective: To analyze the socio-demographic, clinical and psychological characteristics of patients with residual schizophrenia, to identify variants of residual states and to determine measures for psychosocial rehabilitation on this basis.

Material And Methods: At the time of investigation, 91 patients with the diagnosis of residual schizophrenia (F20.5xx according to ICD-10) were under dispensary supervision in the psychoneurological dispensary No.

[Innovative technology for assessing the level of compliance of mentally ill people].

Objective: To develop a technology for evaluating indicators of patient's compliance, taking into account clinical, socio-demographic, psychological characteristics of the patient and characteristics of the family environment, as well as factors of psychiatric care, based on appropriate compliance algorithms and models.

Material And Methods: The study included 107 patients (44 men and 63 women) with diagnoses of schizophrenia, schizoaffective and schizotypal disorders that met the criteria of ICD-10, as well as 105 members of their families. A set of 12 clinical and psychological questionnaires and scales was used for data collection.

[Problems in assessment of the effectiveness of psychosocial rehabilitation and treatment: area of psychosocial interventions, tools and evaluation criteria].

The literature review addresses the problems arising in assessing the effectiveness of psychosocial rehabilitation, selection of evaluation criteria and methodical tools most often used for this purpose. It is shown that for an objective assessment of the results of rehabilitation it is necessary to take into account the hierarchical structure of both the problems of evaluation and the information to be processed. This information includes both quantitative indicators (age, duration of disease, frequency of hospitalizations, results of biological study) and non-numerical (rank) indicators (severity of psychopathological symptoms, characteristics of compliance, social behavior and patient's environment).

[Processing of rank data obtained within psychometric scales using analytic hierarchy process].

Aim: To analyze problems of evaluation of pathological conditions using rank scales, in particular, psychometric scales, and to format the results of processing of the initial rank information on the scale of relations based on analytic hierarchy process.

Material And Methods: A set of Russian and foreign publications on the use and processing of data presented in different scales from categorical to scales of relations were analyzed. Statistical, ranking methods, analytic hierarchy process were used.

[Scientific bases of the organization of psychiatric care: the solution of practical problems in the framework of priority research].

Unlabelled: ОBJECTIVE: a system analysis and modeling for important areas of research of the organization of psychiatric services in Russia in the study mental health of the population, identification of factors affecting the formation of the contingent of persons with mental disorders, organizational and functional structure of mental health services and mental health care.

Material And Methods: The authors analyzed scientific publications on the problems of psychiatric care organization as well as the results of own research over the last 25 years using system analysis.

Results And Conclusion: The approach that allows a creation of a range of population models to monitor the status of mental health based on medical, demographic and social factors (more than 60 factors) of life was suggested.

[Scientific bases of the organization of psychiatric care: development of a conceptual framework of modern mental health services].

Aim: Analysis and development of conceptual models of mental health organization allowing to determine the perspective directions of its further development.

Material And Methods: The work was based on the collection of scientific publications on the problems of psychiatric care organization as well as the results of own research carried out by the authors over the last 25 years. System analysis was used for the development and analysis of the major conceptual models of mental health care.

[Fishes from the Volga-Caspian basin - vectors of pathogens of anthropozoonoses].

In the Volga-Caspian region there is abundant variety of parasitic species from different systematic groups. Some species ofparasites can be pathogenic not only for fish, but also for human that is why studies on the infection rate of commercial fish species by agents of are very topical for today. The work presents materials on invasiveness by the sanitary-significant helminthes of sheat fish, pike-perch, perch, pike, bream, Caspian roach, red-eye, sabrefish, silver bream, anchovy and ordinary kilka, herring, Caspian shad, black-backed shad.

[Psychiatric hospital: past, present and prospects].

Academic, clinical, social, economic, organizational and other aspects of psychiatric hospitals are discussed in the main sections of the article: development and current state of medical care, prospect of inpatient care. Main measures for the improvement of the activity of psychiatric hospital, their interaction with outpatient organizations are presented. The necessity of improving the image of a psychiatric hospital is emphasized.

[Actual problems of inpatient psychiatric care in Russia].

A comparative evaluation of inpatient psychiatric care in Russia and some other countries is presented. A systematic analysis of the performance of psychiatric hospitals is conducted. The process of the deinstitutionalization in Russian psychiatry is highlighted.

[Mental health of world's population: social and economic aspects (a literature review 2000-2010)].

The authors had analyzed current approaches and results of the evaluation of the economic burden of mental health in the world derived from foreign research in 2000-2010. Sources of information were publications of the WHO database and the WHO regional offices, the database of the National Library of Medicine U.S.

[The system-oriented model of psychosocial rehabilitation].

A model of psychosocial rehabilitation based on the system approach that allows taking into account both the patient-centered approach of the rehabilitation service, the development of its resource basis, the effectiveness of this care system in whole and its patterns as well has been worked out. In the framework of this model, the authors suggest to single out three basic stages of the psychosocial rehabilitation process: evaluation and planning, rehabilitation interventions per se, achievement of the result. In author's opinion, the most successful way for constructing a modern model of psychosocial rehabilitation is a method of hierarchic modeling which can reveal a complex chain of interactions between all participants of the rehabilitation process and factors involved in this process and at the same time specify the multi-level hierarchic character of these interactions and factors.

[Peculiarities of attention in families with schizophrenia: correlation between psychological and neurophysiological characteristics].

A relationship between neurophysiological and psychological characteristics of attention was studied in 18 patients with schizophrenia and their 34 mentally healthy relatives: parents and siblings (20 subjects) and children (14 subjects). In patients, a decrease of P300 auditory evoked potentials significantly correlated with disturbances of attention stability and volume as well as characteristics of involuntary attention. At the same time, in the groups of relatives the anomalies of attention stability and attention in conditions of prolonged concentration were positively related to P300 latency.

[Basic points of conception of quality assurance in mental health care].

The article presents conceptual approaches to the problem of quality assurance in mental health care, which accumulate a previous national and international experience in the field of medical and psychiatric care quality, taking into account the results obtained by the authors. The article addresses juridical, ethic, economic and organizational aspects of mental health care improvement. Attention is drawn to a need in controlling system and quality evaluation based on adequate and informative criteria and quality standards and in making scientifically founded administrative decisions.

[Quality of life of relatives of mental patients].

Usage of quality of life of psychiatric patients' relatives as the parameter of estimation of the quality of psychiatric care is considered. By means of standard questionnaire elaborated by the authors as well as by means of both individual and group conversations the quality of life was analyzed in 40 relatives which lived together with psychiatric patients. Different spheres of their life and difficulties (financial, social-psychologic, production) were examined in families with such patients.

[Main trends in the demographic development in Russia and dynamics of the rate of patients with schizophrenia].

The authors analyze both the demographic situation in Russia during the past years and its perspective. A number of patients with paranoid schizophrenia and with schizophrenia on the whole (all forms of disease) was estimated for the period of the coming 15 years (till 2011 yr.).

[Organizational and economic aspects of psychiatry].

The main trends in the organization and economic transformations in psychiatric services of Russia in 1989-1996 are analyzed: financial support of the institutions of psychiatric care, changes in the organizational structure of services, new forms and types of care. The opinion of the authorities of regional services concerning the organization and economic changes in institutions of psychiatric care are presented.

[The economic aspects of the activities of a mental health service].

Integral economic loss of the society, connected with mental disease, were calculated by the author and presented. The author determined "direct" and "connected" state costs for psychiatric patients, and the volume of non produced national income (indirect costs) because psychiatric patients with temporal or constant disability are excluded from producing process. Financial state of psychiatric hospitals in Moscow was analysed and reserves for improvement of money spending were found out.

[The socioeconomic problems of a mental health service].

The state and prospects of the development of mental health service are discussed. Special attention is drawn to the economic aspects of mental health service and financial problems, in particular. The principles of creation and utilization of financial resources for psychiatric facilities in conditions of medical insurance are given.