Latin American Natural Product Database (LANaPDB): An Update.

Natural product (NP) databases are crucial tools in computer-aided drug design (CADD). Over the past decade, there has been a worldwide effort to assemble information regarding natural products (NPs) isolated and characterized in certain geographical regions. In 2023, it was published LANaPDB, and to our knowledge, this is the first attempt to gather and standardize all the NP databases of Latin America.

Three-Month Mortality in Nonhaematological Patients with Chronic Pulmonary Aspergillosis: Differences between Subtypes.

: Chronic pulmonary aspergillosis (CPA) is a fungal lung infection characterised by the slowly progressing destruction of the lung parenchyma and has four main subtypes. The objective of this work was to evaluate the epidemiology of CPA in our area and evaluate the involvement of the different subtypes in mortality. : This was a descriptive longitudinal retrospective study developed in three tertiary hospitals in Spain.

Updating and profiling the natural product-likeness of Latin American compound libraries.

Compound databases of natural products play a crucial role in drug discovery and development projects and have implications in other areas, such as food chemical research, ecology and metabolomics. Recently, we put together the first version of the Latin American Natural Product database (LANaPDB) as a collective effort of researchers from six countries to ensemble a public and representative library of natural products in a geographical region with a large biodiversity. The present work aims to conduct a comparative and extensive profiling of the natural product-likeness of an updated version of LANaPDB and the individual ten compound databases that form part of LANaPDB.

Genetic causes of hypophosphatemia.

Phosphate is a key component of mineralized tissues and is also part of many organic compounds. Phosphorus homeostasis depends especially upon intestinal absorption, and renal excretion, which are regulated by various hormones, such as PTH, 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D, and fibroblast growth factor 23. In this review we provide an update of several genetic disorders that affect phosphate transporters through cell membranes or the phosphate-regulating hormones, and, consequently, result in hypophosphatemia.

Patients' knowledge about the uses, risks, and beliefs surrounding the regulation and safety of in Peru.

In recent decades, there has been a significant rise in the utilization of medical cannabis. Understanding the various facets surrounding its usage and regulation is paramount for patients, health professionals, and policymakers. This cross-sectional study conducted at the CANNAVITAL clinic in Lima, Peru aimed to assess the basic knowledge, attitudes towards use, and beliefs regarding regulation and safety of Among 86 patients (mean age: 41 ± 7.

Tunable polymer-peptide hybrids for dentin tissue repair.

Objectives: This study targets to assess the remineralization capability of conditioned dentin infiltrated with polymeric nanoparticles (NPs) doped with tideglusib (TDg) (TDg-NPs).

Methods: Dentin conditioned surfaces were infiltrated with NPs and TDg-NPs. Bonded interfaces were created, stored for 24 h and submitted to mechanical and thermal challenging.

Ethnoracial Disparities in Self-Rated Health: Exploring the Impact of Skin Color and Other Ethnoracial Characteristics in Mexico.

Objectives: This manuscript aims to understand the association between self-rated health and ethnic-racial characteristics (i.e., skin color, self-ascription, and Indigenous language) in the context of the Mexican population.

Deploying geospatial visualization dashboards to combat the socioeconomic impacts of COVID-19.

COVID-19 dashboards with geospatial data visualization have become ubiquitous. There is a growing sense of responsibility to report public health data pushing governments and community organizations to develop and share web-based dashboards. While a substantial body of literature exists on how these GIS technologies and urban analytics approaches support COVID-19 monitoring, their level of social embeddedness, quality and accessibility of user interface, and overall decision-making capabilities has not been rigorously assessed.

Does phasic dopamine release cause policy updates?

Phasic dopamine activity is believed to both encode reward-prediction errors (RPEs) and to cause the adaptations that these errors engender. If so, a rat working for optogenetic stimulation of dopamine neurons will repeatedly update its policy and/or action values, thus iteratively increasing its work rate. Here, we challenge this view by demonstrating stable, non-maximal work rates in the face of repeated optogenetic stimulation of midbrain dopamine neurons.

Navigating the Chemical Space and Chemical Multiverse of a Unified Latin American Natural Product Database: LANaPDB.

The number of databases of natural products (NPs) has increased substantially. Latin America is extraordinarily rich in biodiversity, enabling the identification of novel NPs, which has encouraged both the development of databases and the implementation of those that are being created or are under development. In a collective effort from several Latin American countries, herein we introduce the first version of the Latin American Natural Products Database (LANaPDB), a public compound collection that gathers the chemical information of NPs contained in diverse databases from this geographical region.

Understanding the (Brine Shrimp) Test: Pharmacological Significance and Global Impact.

Background: The microplate benchtop brine shrimp test (BST) has been widely used for screening and bio-guided isolation of many active compounds, including natural products. Although the interpretation given to the results appears dissimilar, our findings suggest a correlation between positive results with a specific mechanism of action.

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate drugs belonging to fifteen pharmacological categories having diverse mechanisms of action and carry out a bibliometric analysis of over 700 citations related to microwell BST.

Pannexin-1 Modulates Inhibitory Transmission and Hippocampal Synaptic Plasticity.

Pannexin-1 (Panx1) hemichannel is a non-selective transmembrane channel that may play important roles in intercellular signaling by allowing the permeation of ions and metabolites, such as ATP. Although recent evidence shows that the Panx1 hemichannel is involved in controlling excitatory synaptic transmission, the role of Panx1 in inhibitory transmission remains unknown. Here, we studied the contribution of Panx1 to the GABAergic synaptic efficacy onto CA1 pyramidal neurons (PyNs) by using patch-clamp recordings and pharmacological approaches in wild-type and Panx1 knock-out (Panx1-KO) mice.

Factors That Impact the Relationship between Perceived Organizational Support and Technostress in Teachers.

In the last two years, the obligatory use of technologies due to the COVID-19 pandemic has increased the technostress suffered by education professionals. This study investigates the relationships between technostress and perceived organizational support and the influence of certain socio-demographic variables. An online survey was administered to 771 teachers working in different educational stages in various autonomous communities in Spain.

Population-specific facial traits and diagnosis accuracy of genetic and rare diseases in an admixed Colombian population.

Up to 40% of rare disorders (RD) present facial dysmorphologies, and visual assessment is commonly used for clinical diagnosis. Quantitative approaches are more objective, but mostly rely on European descent populations, disregarding diverse population ancestry. Here, we assessed the facial phenotypes of Down (DS), Morquio (MS), Noonan (NS) and Neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) syndromes in a Latino-American population, recording the coordinates of 18 landmarks in 2D images from 79 controls and 51 patients.

Aryltetralin lignans from Hyptis brachiata inhibiting T lymphocyte proliferation.

Increased activation and proliferation of T lymphocytes plays an essential role in the development of chronic inflammation and autoimmune diseases. Currently used immunosuppressive drugs often do not provide long-lasting relief of symptoms and show a gradual loss of efficacy over time, and are accompanied by various side effects. Therefore, novel immunosuppressive lead substances are needed.

[Use of antibiotics in Paediatric Primary Health Care before and during the COVID-19 pandemic].

Introduction Consumption of antibiotics is high in Spain, primarily in children. Excessive use of then contributes to the development of antimicrobial resistance. The aim of our study is to analyse the evolution of antibiotic consumption at the Primary Health Care in the paediatric population of Asturias, Spain, from 2014 to 2021, and to evaluate the impact of COVID-19 pandemic on it.

Bmal1 in the striatum influences alcohol intake in a sexually dimorphic manner.

Alcohol consumption has been strongly associated with circadian clock gene expression in mammals. Analysis of clock genes revealed a potential role of Bmal1 in the control of alcohol drinking behavior. However, a causal role of Bmal1 and neural pathways through which it may influence alcohol intake have not yet been established.

Understanding the interaction between human activities and physical health under extreme heat environment in Phoenix, Arizona.

Long-term community resilience, which privileges a long view look at chronic issues influencing communities, has begun to draw more attention from city planners, researchers and policymakers. In Phoenix, resilience to heat is both a necessity and a way of life. In this paper, we attempt to understand how residents living in Phoenix experience and behave in an extreme heat environment.

Spatial Modeling and Analysis of Heat-Related Morbidity in Maricopa County, Arizona.

The objective of the present study was to examine the effects of a confluence of demographic, socioeconomic, housing, and environmental factors that systematically contribute to heat-related morbidity in Maricopa County, Arizona, from theoretical, empirical, and spatial perspectives. The present study utilized ordinary least squares (OLS) regression and multiscale geographically weighted regression (MGWR) to analyze health data, U.S.

The spatial association of social vulnerability with COVID-19 prevalence in the contiguous United States.

This study aims to examine the spatially varying relationships between social vulnerability factors and COVID-19 cases and deaths in the contiguous United States. County-level COVID-19 data and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention social vulnerability index (SVI) dataset were analyzed using local Spearman's rank correlation coefficient. Results suggested that SVI and four social vulnerability themes have spatially varying relationships with COVID-19 cases and deaths, which means spatial heterogeneity is an essential factor that influences the relationship, and the strength of association varies significantly across counties.

Memory reconsolidation as a tool to endure encoding deficits in elderly.

Normal aging involves changes in the ability to acquire, consolidate and recall new information. It has been recently proposed that the reconsolidation process is also affected in older adults. Reconsolidation is triggered after reminder presentation, allowing memories to be modified: they can be impaired, strengthened or changed in their content.

Reduced expression of the glucocorticoid receptor in the hippocampus of patients with drug-resistant temporal lobe epilepsy and comorbid depression.

Objective: Depressive disorders are common among about 50% of the patients with drug-resistant temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE). The underlying etiology remains elusive, but hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis activation due to changes in glucocorticoid receptor (GR) protein expression could play an important role. Therefore, we set out to investigate expression of the GR in the hippocampus, an important brain region for HPA axis feedback, of patients with drug-resistant TLE, with and without comorbid depression.

Dopamine neurons do not constitute an obligatory stage in the final common path for the evaluation and pursuit of brain stimulation reward.

The neurobiological study of reward was launched by the discovery of intracranial self-stimulation (ICSS). Subsequent investigation of this phenomenon provided the initial link between reward-seeking behavior and dopaminergic neurotransmission. We re-evaluated this relationship by psychophysical, pharmacological, optogenetic, and computational means.