Exploring Different Management Modalities of Nonsyndromic Craniosynostosis.

Craniosynostosis is an atypical skull shape characterized by the premature fusion of cranial sutures. It is one of the most common congenital anomalies encountered by craniofacial surgeons, with a prevalence of one in every 2000-2500 births. It is classified into two main types: syndromic and nonsyndromic.

The anticancer and anti-inflammatory activity screening of pyridazinone-based analogs against human epidermoid skin cancer with detailed mechanistic analyses.

3(2H)-Pyridazinone derivatives based on 4-biphenyl, naphtha-2-yl, pyridine, or piperidine moiety were synthesized and characterized using I-R and 1HNMR spectra. The activity and cytotoxicity of some synthesized compounds on the skin epidermoid cancer cell proliferation and progression were investigated. The pyridazine isomer with pyridine revealed a significant decrease in the level of nitric oxide  < 0.

Pretreatment and Posttreatment Factors Associated with Shunt-Dependent Hydrocephalus After Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Background: Hydrocephalus is a common complication after aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH). This study aimed to evaluate novel preoperative and postoperative risk factors for shunt-dependent hydrocephalus (SDHC) after aSAH via a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Methods: A systematic search was conducted using PubMed and Embase databases for studies pertaining to aSAH and SDHC.

Clinical and biochemical spectrum of metabolic cardiomyopathy in Egyptian children.

Background: Inborn errors of metabolism (IEMs) commonly present with pediatric cardiomyopathy. Identification of the underlying cause is necessary as it may lead to improved outcomes.

Objectives: We aimed to investigate the diagnostic rate, the clinical, and biochemical spectra of IEMs among Egyptian pediatric patients presenting with cardiomyopathy, and their outcome measures.

External phallopexy: A revisited technique and algorithm for simple management of buried penis.

Introduction: Buried penis (BP) is a distressing condition for both the child and his caregivers. A lot of techniques are available for the management of such condition. External phallopexy represents a simple technique designed for selected cases.

Safety of Occlutech Septal Occluder ACCELL Flex II for Transcatheter Closure of Secundum Atrial Septal Defects in Children: A Long-Term Follow-Up.

Objectives: To assess the long-term safety and efficacy of the Occlutech® ACCELL® Flex II device used for atrial septal defect (ASD) closure. This device differs from the regular device by having two very thin patches that are made of polyethylene terephthalate (PET). These patches enhance faster sealing of the defect.

Awareness and preparedness of healthcare workers against the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic: A cross-sectional survey across 57 countries.

Background: Since the COVID-19 pandemic began, there have been concerns related to the preparedness of healthcare workers (HCWs). This study aimed to describe the level of awareness and preparedness of hospital HCWs at the time of the first wave.

Methods: This multinational, multicenter, cross-sectional survey was conducted among hospital HCWs from February to May 2020.

Cytokine profile in Egyptian children and adolescents with COVID-19 pneumonia: A multicenter study.

Background: To date, the cytokine profile in children and adolescent with novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has not been reported.

Objectives: We investigated serum levels of a panel of key cytokines in children and adolescent with COVID-19 pneumonia with a primary focus on "cytokine storm" cytokines such as interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, IL-17, IL-2, IL-4, IL-10, interferon (IFN-γ), tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, and two chemokines interferon-inducible protein-10 (IP-10) and IL-8. We also studied whether these cytokines could be potential markers for illness severity in COVID-19 pneumonia.

Efficacy of face masks against respiratory infectious diseases: a systematic review and network analysis of randomized-controlled trials.

During the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic, face masks are among the most common and practical control measures used globally in reducing the risk of infection and disease transmission. Although several studies have investigated the efficacy of various face masks and respirators in preventing infection, the results have been inconsistent. Therefore, we performed a systematic review and network meta-analysis (NMA) of the randomized-controlled trials (RCTs) to assess the actual efficacy of face masks in preventing respiratory infections.

Haematological abnormalities and risk of COVID-19 infection in adult patients attending primary healthcare settings.

Centres for Disease Control and prevention (CDC) reports that there are limited data and information about the impact of underlying medical conditions and the risk of infection. To date, there are no studies that report on the risk of infection among patients with haematological diseases or abnormalities. This cross-sectional study reports on the baseline complete blood count in patients attending publicly funded primary care settings with a diagnosis of suspected COVID-19 infections in the state of Qatar.

XRCC1 Gene Polymorphism Increases the Risk of Hepatocellular Carcinoma in Egyptian Population.

Unlabelled: Several major risk factors for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) have been identified, including chronic infection of hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV). Nevertheless, only a fraction of infected patients develops HCC during their lifetime suggesting that genetic factors might modulate HCC development. X-ray repair cross complementing group1 (XRCC1) participates in the repair pathways of DNA.

Transcatheter Closure of Perimembranous Ventricular Septal Defects Using Different Generations of Amplatzer Devices: Multicenter Experience.

Objectives: To demonstrate safety and efficacy of using different generations of softer Amplatzer™ devices for ventricular septal defect (VSD) closure to avoid serious complications at follow-up.

Background: Transcatheter closure of perimembranous ventricular septal defects (PmVSD) is a well-established procedure; however, it is associated with unacceptable incidence of complete heart block. Great advantages have been achieved by using softer devices for VSD transcatheter closure.

Ficolin-1 gene (FCN1) -144 C/A polymorphism is associated with adverse outcome of severe pneumonia in the under-five Egyptian children: A multicenter study.

Background: Pneumonia is the foremost cause of child death worldwide. M-ficolin is encoded by the FCN1 gene and represents a novel link between innate and adaptive immunity.

Objectives: To investigate the FCN1 -144 C/A (rs10117466) polymorphism as a potential marker for pneumonia severity and adverse outcome namely complications or mortality in the under-five Egyptian children.

Experience with balloon pulmonary valvuloplasty and predictors of outcome: a ten-year study.

Background: Balloon pulmonary valvuloplasty is the treatment of choice for patients with moderate to severe pulmonary valve stenosis.

Methods: An observational retrospective cross-sectional study including neonates, small infants, and children who underwent balloon pulmonary valvuloplasty in the period from 2007 to 2016 in the cardiac catheterisation unit of the paediatric cardiology department in Cairo University. Multivariable models were built to report the predictors of the outcome of balloon pulmonary valvuloplasty and its complications.

Single-Port Needlescopic Appendectomy in Children Using a Mediflex Needle: A New Simplified Technique.

Laparoscopic appendectomy is among the most common surgical procedures. Needlescopic appendectomy (NA) is an acceptable, safe technique in children, but with many drawbacks such as a high conversion rate and long operative time. We present a new technique for NA in children using only a single port, Mediflex facial closure needle, and vascular access cannula (VAC).

Soy Isoflavones Ameliorate Metabolic and Immunological Alterations of Ovariectomy in Female Wistar Rats: Antioxidant and Estrogen Sparing Potential.

Hormone replacement therapy (HRT) can alleviate estrogen deficiency symptoms especially during menopause. The present study aimed at investigating the effect of soy isoflavones as HRT on immunological and bone health-related parameters with a special focus on the interactions between immunological status and metabolism. Thirty healthy cyclic female Wistar rats were used in this experiment.

Interleukin-4 -590C/T gene polymorphism in Egyptian children with acute lower respiratory infection: A multicenter study.

Background: Acute lower respiratory infection (ALRI) is the leading cause of child mortality, especially in the developing world. Polymorphisms in the interleukin 4 (IL-4) gene have been linked to a variety of human diseases.

Objectives: To investigate whether the IL-4 -590C/T (rs2243250) polymorphism could be a genetic marker for susceptibility to ALRIs in young Egyptian children.

Molecular Characterization of Extended-Spectrum β-Lactamase Isolated from Egyptian Patients with Community- and Hospital-Acquired Urinary Tract Infection.

Extended-spectrum β-lactamases (ESβLs) pose a serious problem in the treatment of urinary tract infections (UTIs). The ESβL-producing organism is an expanding global health problem. Therefore, screening for ESβL, detection of their drug-resistance pattern, and molecular characterization should be a continuous process.

Association of vitamin D receptor gene FokI polymorphism and susceptibility to CAP in Egyptian children: a multicenter study.

Background: Community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) is the leading cause of child deaths around the world. Recently, the vitamin D receptor (VDR) gene has emerged as a susceptibility gene for CAP.

Objectives: To evaluate the association of the VDR gene Fok I polymorphism with susceptibility to CAP in Egyptian children.

Bioefficacy of Some Egyptian Aromatic Plants on (Diptera: Culicidae) Adults and Larvae.

Background: Protecting the environment from chemical hazards of synthetic insecticides along with offering of new breeding areas for vectors by urbanization indicate the trial of natural insecticides.

Methods: The acetone extracts of , and were tested for their insecticidal effect on adults and larvae in different concentrations depending on the technique used.

Results: The extracts were significantly effective in all models used with basil being the best in all tested three techniques (LC= 0.

ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction Due to Left Anterior Descending Artery Occlusion Presenting Primarily with Otalgia.

BACKGROUND Myocardial infarction (MI) is one of the most serious conditions presenting to the Emergency Department. Typical/classical symptoms of MI include chest pain and tightness that is referred to the left arm. CASE REPORT We present a case of ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) with a primary atypical presentation of right ear pain.

Results of application of the ISPD guidelines to the management of peritoneal dialysis in a single center in Sudan.

The culture negative peritonitis in Sudan 2010 was 46% exceeding 20% of the recommended ISPD (International Society for Peritoneal Dialysis) guidelines. This study reports an update after applying the standard ISPD protocol. The routine method was replaced by ISPD protocol.

Neuroprotective effect of grape seed extract against cadmium toxicity in male albino rats.

Cadmium toxicity can disturb brain chemistry leading to depression, anxiety, and weakened immunity. Cadmium disturbs the neurotransmitter dopamine, resulting in low energy, lack of motivation, and depression, which are predisposing factors for violence. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the ameliorative effect of grape seed extract (GSE) on the brain of 40 male albino rats after exposure to cadmium chloride (Cd) toxicity.