Aspirin for Primary Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease and Renal Disease Progression in Chronic Kidney Disease Patients: a Multicenter Randomized Clinical Trial (AASER Study).

Background: Patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) are at high risk for developing cardiovascular events. However, limited evidence is available regarding the use of aspirin in CKD patients to decrease cardiovascular risk and to slow renal disease progression.

Study Design: Prospective, multicenter, open-label randomized controlled trial.

Low dose aspirin increases 15-epi-lipoxin A4 levels in diabetic chronic kidney disease patients.

Background: Resolution of inflammation is regulated by endogenous lipid mediators, such as lipoxins and their epimers, including 15-epi-lipoxin A4 (15-epi-LXA4). However, there is no information on 15-epi-LXA4 and its in vivo regulation in chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients.

Study Design: Open label randomized clinical trial.

Cardiovascular risk prediction in chronic kidney disease patients.

Introduction: Scores underestimate the prediction of cardiovascular risk (CVR) as they are not validated in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). Two of the most commonly used scores are the Framingham Risk Score (FRS-CVD) and the ASCVD (AHA/ACC 2013). The aim of this study is to evaluate the predictive ability of experiencing a cardiovascular event (CVE) via these 2scores in the CKD population.

Prevalence and characteristics of patients with resistant hypertension and chronic kidney disease.

Unlabelled: Resistant hypertension (RH) is a common problem in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). A decline in the glomerular filtration rate (GFR) and increased albuminuria are associated with RH; however, there are few published studies about the prevalence of this entity in patients with CKD.

Objective: To estimate the prevalence of RH in patients with different degrees of kidney disease and analyse the characteristics of this group of patients.

The effect of some medications given to CKD patients on vitamin D levels.

Background: Vitamin D deficiency and polypharmacy is a common problem over chronic kidney disease (CKD) population.

Objectives: To assess the clinical and analytical characteristics of CKD patients with 25-OH-D3 deficiency (<15 ng/mL), including the possible role of associated drugs.

Methods: A single center observational review of 137 incident patients referred to our outpatient clinic with different stages of CKD and 25-OH-D3<15ng/mL (male gender 53.

Management of resistant hypertension: aldosterone antagonists or intensification of diuretic therapy?

Objective: No consensus has been established as to which is the best fourth-line agent in patients with resistant hypertension (RHT). The aim of the present study was to assess the effect of intensifying diuretic treatment with loop diuretic (furosemide) or aldosterone antagonist (spironolactone) on blood pressure (BP) control in RHT.

Methods: The study population comprised 30 patients with RHT who were divided into two treatment arms.

Interarm systolic blood pressure as a predictor of cardiovascular events in patients with chronic kidney disease.

Background: Increased interarm systolic blood pressure difference (IASBPD) is associated with mortality and cardiovascular (CV) events both in the general population and in patients at high CV risk. The aim of the present study was to assess the value of IASBPD ≥ 10 mmHg for predicting CV events in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD).

Methods: The study sample comprised 652 patients with CKD (age 67 ± 15 years, 58.

Allopurinol and progression of CKD and cardiovascular events: long-term follow-up of a randomized clinical trial.

Background: Asymptomatic hyperuricemia increases renal and cardiovascular (CV) risk. We previously conducted a 2-year, single-blind, randomized, controlled trial of allopurinol treatment that showed improved estimated glomerular filtration rate and reduced CV risk.

Study Design: Post hoc analysis of a long-term follow-up after completion of the 2-year trial.

Evaluation of methods based on creatinine and cystatin C to estimate glomerular filtration rate in chronic kidney disease.

Purpose: Estimated glomerular filtration rate (GFR) is a useful tool for the detection of chronic kidney disease (CKD). Several methods have been proposed, but findings can vary in specific groups such as patients with diabetes, elderly and high and low body mass index and, also, with the stage of CKD. The objective of this study was comparing the accuracy of the currently used equations for estimating GFR with that of the gold standard technetium-(99m)-diethylene triamine pentaacetic acid (99mTc-DTPA).

25 (OH) vitamin D levels and renal disease progression in patients with type 2 diabetic nephropathy and blockade of the renin-angiotensin system.

Background And Objectives: Experimental studies show that 25 (OH) vitamin D is a suppressor of renin biosynthesis and that vitamin D deficiency has been associated with CKD progression. Patients with type II diabetes and CKD have an exceptionally high rate of severe 25 (OH) vitamin D deficiency; however, it is not known whether this deficiency is a risk factor for progression of diabetic nephropathy. This study aimed to investigate whether there is an association of 25 (OH) vitamin D deficiency with disease progression in type II diabetic nephropathy.

Cardiovascular events and mortality in chronic kidney disease (stages I-IV).

Introduction: Cardiovascular events (CV) are the major cause of mortality in chronic kidney disease patients (CKD). The aim of the present study was to determine the independent predictors of CV and mortality in CKD patients (stages 1-4).

Methods: A prospective study was conducted with 218 patients (62% male), with a median age of 69 years (interquartile range 56-78).

Utility of bioimpedance spectroscopy (BIS) in the management of refractory hypertension in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD).

Background: Expansion of extracellular volume (ECV) is a frequent cause of resistant hypertension (RHT) in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). The aim of this exploratory study was that of applying bioimpedance spectroscopy (BIS) for the identification of CKD patients with RHT and expansion of ECV, while trying to control blood pressure (BP) using an intensification of diuretic treatment.

Methods: We included 50 patients with RHT and CKD who underwent BIS.

[Vitamin D deficiency in a Spanish cohort of patients with chronic kidney disease].

Background And Objective: Vitamin D (25-OH-D3) deficiency is an emerging global health problem. Chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients have a higher risk of this deficiency. We aimed to determine the prevalence of 25-OH-D3 deficiency in a cohort of CKD patients in an urban area of Spain and its relationship with cardiovascular disease (CVD).

Hypercalcemia as a side effect of potassium binding agents.

Hypercalcemia is a potential adverse effect of calcium-containing ion exchange resins, often used in the treatment and prevention of hyperkalemia in chronic kidney disease (CKD). We describe a series of seven outpatients with moderate CKD (mean glomerular filtration rate estimated with the CKD-EPI formula 41.29 ± 10.

Long-term outcomes of IgA nephropathy presenting with minimal or no proteinuria.

The long-term outcome of patients with IgA nephropathy who present with normal renal function, microscopic hematuria, and minimal or no proteinuria is not well described. Here, we studied 141 Caucasian patients with biopsy-proven IgA nephropathy who had minor abnormalities at presentation and a median follow-up of 108 months. None of the patients received corticosteroids or immunosuppressants.

Effect of dual blockade of the renin-angiotensin system on the progression of type 2 diabetic nephropathy: a randomized trial.

Background: Blockade of the renin-angiotensin system with angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors or angiotensin II receptor blockers has been shown to lessen the rate of decrease in glomerular filtration rate in patients with diabetic nephropathy.

Study Design: A multicenter open-label randomized controlled trial to compare the efficacy of combining the angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor lisinopril and the angiotensin II receptor blocker irbesartan with that of each drug in monotherapy (at both high and equipotent doses) in slowing the progression of type 2 diabetic nephropathy.

Setting & Population: 133 patients with type 2 diabetic nephropathy (age, 66 ± 8 years; 76% men) from 17 centers in Spain.

Intraindividual interleukin-6 variations on the cardiovascular prognosis of patients with chronic renal disease.

In chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients on dialysis, plasma interleukin (IL)-6 levels predict mortality better than other markers. Impact of intraindividual changes of inflammatory markers on cardiovascular (CV) events in CKD patients is unknown. The aim of this study is to demonstrate the relation between CV outcomes and variations of C-reactive protein (CRP), IL-6, IL-1β, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α in CKD.

Chronic kidney disease progression in patients with autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to analyse the factors influencing chronic kidney disease (CKD) progression in patients with autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD).

Material And Method: We studied 101 patients (mean age: 43 +/- 17.3 years, 43.

Effects of pentoxifylline on inflammatory parameters in chronic kidney disease patients: a randomized trial.

Background: Pentoxifylline (PTF) is a potential therapeutic agent in chronic kidney disease due to its antiinflammatory and antiproteinuric effects that may influence the progression of renal disease.

Subjects And Methods: We conducted a prospective randomized trial of 91 patients with estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) <60 ml/min, calculated with 4-variable Modification of Diet in Renal Disease (MDRD-4) Study equation. Patients were randomly assigned to treatment with PTF 400 mg (twice a day) (n=46) or to continue their usual therapy (n=45).

[Cardiac markers in different degrees of chronic kidney disease: influence of inflammation and previous heart disease].

Background And Objective: Troponin T (TnT), brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) and its precursor (NT-proBNP) are useful markers of acute coronary events and heart failure. The aim of this study was to analyze the influence of chronic renal failure, inflammation and heart disease in these biomarkers.

Patients And Methods: In 266 patients with different stages of chronic renal diseases, the following parameters were measured: cardiac markers (TnT, BNP and NT-proBNP), renal function, inflammatory markers (hsCRP, fibrinogen, albumin, uric acid and white blood cells).