The Reliability and Validity of the Greek Version of the Child Abuse Report Intention Scale (CARIS) Questionnaire for Midwives, Along With Factors Associated With Their Intention to Report Child Abuse and Neglect.

Objective:  Child maltreatment is a serious public health issue with unquestionable short- and long-term consequences. The midwives' role in the prevention, identification, and reporting of child abuse and neglect (CAN) is crucial for children's well-being. The Child Abuse Report Intention Scale (CARIS) questionnaire was designed to measure factors influencing Taiwanese nurses to report child abuse and has been used in many studies worldwide.

Chronic Use of Artificial Sweeteners: Pros and Cons.

Over the past few decades, the scientific community has been highly concerned about the obesity epidemic. Artificial sweeteners are compounds that mimic the sweet taste of sugar but have no calories or carbohydrates; hence, they are very popular among patients suffering from diabetes or obesity, aiming to achieve glycemic and/or weight control. There are four different types of sweeteners: artificial, natural, rare sugars, and polyols.

A toddler with severe vitamin D-dependent rickets type 1 A (VDDR1A), hungry bone syndrome, and severe RSV infection: presentation and therapeutic challenges.

Background: Vitamin D-dependent rickets type 1 A (VDDR1A) is an autosomal recessive disorder due to mutations in the CYP27B1 gene which result in inability to generate 1,25(OH)D.

Case Presentation: An 18-month-old boy with VDDR1A presented with hypotonia and respiratory distress. He had been diagnosed 2 months earlier, having been evaluated for stunted growth, hypotonia, and delayed developmental milestones.

The Mediating Role of Anxiety in the Relationship between Job Satisfaction and Psychosocial Functions of Nurses and Pediatricians in PICUs.

Background: Job satisfaction refers to an individual's overall attitude towards their job. It is influenced by various factors such as work environment, job role, work-life balance, compensation, anxiety, opportunities for growth and development. However, low levels of job satisfaction can have a significant impact on an individual's mental health and overall well-being.

Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder Symptoms among Pediatric Healthcare Workers.

Post-traumatic stress disorder symptoms related to work in pediatric departments aremajor public health problems, as they directly affect health organizations, healthcare workers, and, due to the poor quality of care, the patients as well. The post-traumatic symptoms that a healthcare worker may experience are related to intrusion, avoidance, negative changes in cognition and mood, and changes in arousal and reactivity. The aim of the present investigation was to identify risk factors that contribute to the development of PTSD in pediatric healthcare workers, in order to implement necessary workplace measures.

Genital GVHD in Female Children and Adolescents: A Systematic Review of Case Reports and Case Series.

Genital graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) is an underdiagnosed manifestation of chronic GVHD. Few articles have been published in pediatric populations, and there are no established guidelines for the management of this condition in children. This study aims to provide a systematic literature review of the published studies and cases of genital (vulvovaginal) GVHD in girls and adolescents post HSCT, with a focus on the time of diagnosis and clinical manifestations.

SARS-CoV-2 vaccination in children and adolescents with and without type 1 diabetes mellitus.

Adults with Diabetes Mellitus (DM) have increased risk of severe clinical presentation during COVID-19 infection, while children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes (T1D) have the same mild clinical course as their healthy peers, especially those with optimal glycemic control. The present review focuses on the necessity of COVID-19 vaccination among children and adolescents with T1D, and also in their non-diabetic peers. The efficacy and safety of COVID-19 vaccines are also discussed, as well as their various side-effects, ranging from common mild to very rare and serious ones.

Lifestyle and Pharmacological Interventions and Treatment Indications for the Management of Obesity in Children and Adolescents.

Obesity is a multifactorial chronic impairment that further decreases quality of life and life expectancy. Worldwide, childhood obesity has become a pandemic health issue causing several comorbidities that frequently present already in childhood, including cardiovascular (hypertension, dyslipidemia), metabolic (Type 2 diabetes mellitus, fatty liver disease, metabolic syndrome), respiratory, gastrointestinal and musculoskeletal disorders. In addition, obese children frequently experience stress and psychosocial symptoms, including mood disorders, anxiety, prejudice and low self-esteem.

The role of various influence sources on sexual behavior in adolescents with type 1 diabetes in comparison to healthy peers: a cross-sectional study from Greece.

Purpose: Patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1D) are at increased risk of sexually risky behaviors, such as unintended pregnancies. Adolescents with T1D use different sources of information on sexual education such as parents, friends, teachers, and the media. The study aim was to investigate the effect of different sources of information in development of sexual risk behaviors in T1D adolescents in comparison to healthy peers.

Child abuse experience, training, knowledge, and attitude of healthcare professionals in sixty hospitals in Greece.

Objective: This study aims to record the overall perception of healthcare professionals on child abuse and identify potential affecting factors in a nationwide scale in Greece as well as to provide information that might be useful for future educational actions.

Materials And Methods: A total of 1,185 healthcare professionals in 60 hospitals with pediatric departments across Greece participated in this cross-sectional study. Participants included pediatricians, pediatric surgeons, residents, nurses, psychiatrists, psychologists, and social workers.

Knowledge and Attitudes of Medical and Nursing Students in Greece Regarding Child Abuse and Neglect.

Data on the knowledge and attitudes of healthcare practitioners in training regarding child abuse and neglect (CAN) are scarce. The aim of this study was to investigate the knowledge and attitudes regarding CAN of medical and nursing students in Greek universities. We performed a questionnaire-based e-survey on a convenience sample of students and recruited 609 students (366 medical and 243 nursing).

Covid-19 infection in children and adolescents and its association with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1d) presentation and management.

Children seem to be affected by the new SARS-CoV-2 virus less severely than adults, with better prognosis and low mortality. Serious complications of COVID-19 infection in children include multisystem inflammatory response syndrome in COVID-19 infection (MIS-C), myo-or pericarditis and, less frequently, long COVID syndrome. On the other hand, adults with type 1 (T1D) or type 2 diabetes (T2D) are among the most vulnerable groups affected by COVID-19, with increased morbidity and mortality.

Creation and evaluation of a participatory child abuse and neglect workshop for medical students.

Background: Since child abuse and neglect (CAN) is prevalent worldwide, medical students should acquire basic knowledge, skills, and confidence in identifying and addressing CAN. Although significant educational efforts have been previously described, none has focused on using participatory methods to teach medical students CAN.

Purpose: To: 1) develop a participatory educational workshop in CAN for medical students, 2) gather, train, and establish a peer-to-peer teaching group, and 3) assess the effectiveness of the workshop in gain of knowledge and improvement of self-confidence for participants.

Bariatric surgery in the management of childhood and adolescence obesity.

Background: Nowadays, childhood obesity is literally a global pandemic health problem. According to current data, pediatric obesity is strongly associated with adult excess weight status as well as the development of certain co morbidities, already present in childhood, including cardiovascular disorders (dyslipidemia, hypertension), endocrine/metabolic (Type 2 diabetes, fatty liver disease, metabolic syndrome), respiratory, gastrointestinal, and musculoskeletal problems. Additionally, children with obesity frequently experience psychosocial issues, such as mood disorders, anxiety, prejudice and low self-esteem.

Type 2 diabetes in children and adolescents: distinct characteristics and evidence-based management.

Purpose: Since the dramatic rise of obesity prevalence in childhood and adolescence has contributed to increased rates of type 2 diabetes (T2D) in youth, we sought to explore current evidence-based management options for pediatric T2D patients.

Methods: A comprehensive literature search was performed for studies of T2D in childhood and adolescence until September 2021.

Results: Special pathophysiological and diagnostic characteristics of T2D in this age are presented, while the main focus of the article is on management.

Markedly elevated troponin and NT-proBNP and myocardial dysfunction in an adolescent with severe diabetic ketoacidosis: A case report.

Severe diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA), rarely, may be associated with elevated troponin and proBNP levels in adults with a history of diabetes. However, few cases have reported this association in children with severe and complicated DKA. We describe a case of severe DKA (pH: 6.

Is Rituximab-Associated Hypogammaglobulinemia Always Linked to B-Cell Depletion?

We describe a case of a 3-year-old male toddler with a history of severe and refractory warm antibody autoimmune hemolytic anemia (w-AIHA) since early infancy and hypogammaglobulinemia persisting 20 months after rituximab administration (second-line rescue therapy). Specifically, although peripheral blood flow cytometry B-cell population counts signified B-cell recovery following completion of rituximab therapy, IgG levels were barely detectable. Detailed laboratory evaluation did not reveal any humoral or cell-mediated immunity impairment and the patient remained asymptomatic, without any infections or recurrence of w-AIHA.

Sexual Risk Behaviors of Adolescents with Type 1 Diabetes in Comparison with Their Peers.

Background: Adolescents with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1D) may differ from peers regarding sexual risk behaviors.

Objectives: To explore sexual risk behaviors of adolescents with T1D in comparison with peers.

Materials And Methods: The subjects were 174 adolescents, 58 adolescents with T1D (mean ± SD age 16.

Cardiovascular Risk Factors and Subclinical Atherosclerosis in Greek Adolescents with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: Its Relationship with Body Mass Index.

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is the most common endocrine condition affecting 6-18% of adolescents and is strongly associated with obesity and cardiovascular risk factors, enhancing the risk of atherosclerosis. Thirty-two adolescents with newly diagnosed PCOS were evaluated for lipid profile disorders, insulin resistance, inflammation, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), and subclinical atherosclerosis through measurements of carotid intima-media thickness (cIMT). The relationships of the above markers with increased body mass index and abdominal obesity were investigated.

Poor Adherence to the Screening-Based Strategy of Group B Streptococcus Despite Colonization of Pregnant Women in Greece.

Group B streptococcus (GBS) is a leading cause of serious neonatal infections. Maternal GBS colonization is associated with early- and late-onset neonatal disease (EOD/LOD). In Greece, a screening-based strategy is recommended, in which concurrent vaginal-rectal cultures should be obtained between 36 0/7 and 37 6/7 weeks' gestation.

Cathelicidin levels in nasal secretions are associated with the severity of acute bronchiolitis.

Objective: To investigate the association of serum vitamin D and nasal secretion antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) levels with the severity of acute bronchiolitis.

Study Design: We conducted a prospective single pediatric tertiary care center cohort study of inpatients aged 0-18 months with a first episode of acute bronchiolitis from November 1st 2014 to April 30th 2017. Disease severity was determined by the length of hospitalization and supplemental hospital data.

Twenty-four-hour ambulatory central blood pressure in adolescents and young adults: association with peripheral blood pressure and preclinical organ damage.

Objectives: To investigate the relationship of 24-h ambulatory central blood pressure (ABP) with preclinical organ damage in youth.

Methods: Individuals aged 10-25 years referred for suspected hypertension and healthy volunteers had simultaneous 24-h peripheral and central ABP monitoring (Mobil-O-Graph 24 h PWA). Central BP was calculated using two different calibration methods (c1 using oscillometric systolic/diastolic ABP; c2 using mean arterial/diastolic ABP).