Advances in the understanding and therapeutic manipulation of cancer immune responsiveness: a Society for Immunotherapy of Cancer (SITC) review.

Cancer immunotherapy-including immune checkpoint inhibition (ICI) and adoptive cell therapy (ACT)-has become a standard, potentially curative treatment for a subset of advanced solid and liquid tumors. However, most patients with cancer do not benefit from the rapidly evolving improvements in the understanding of principal mechanisms determining cancer immune responsiveness (CIR); including patient-specific genetically determined and acquired factors, as well as intrinsic cancer cell biology. Though CIR is multifactorial, fundamental concepts are emerging that should be considered for the design of novel therapeutic strategies and related clinical studies.

Mechanical Characterization of Sustainable Mortars with Recycled Aggregates from Construction and Demolition Wastes: An Experimental Investigation.

The use of recycled aggregates in the production of concrete and mortar represents a sustainable way to reintroduce these constituents-which are typically treated as waste and disposed of-in the production chain, providing new value to potentially polluting materials. The effect of recycled aggregates has been widely studied in the production of concrete due to the directions of National Standards in Italy; however, their role in the manufacturing of mortar must be investigated further due to the high variability that can be observed in the literature. In particular, the aim of this paper is the mechanical characterization of sustainable mortars defined by different mix designs and different binders, in which the aggregates are gradually replaced by a recycled sand obtained from the grinding of construction and demolition wastes, which could include old concrete, clay bricks, and minimal amounts of other kinds of residual materials.

Sexually Transmitted Diseases and Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder: A Systematic Literature Review.

Patients with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) suffer from inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity. Clinicians often assume that the specific difficulties associated with ADHD are bound to affect sexual behaviors, and favor risky sexual behaviors, thereby increasing the frequency of sexually transmitted diseases (STDs). This review provides an up-to-date synthesis of the literature concerning STDs in patients with ADHD.

Scientific evidence supporting the newly developed one-health labeling tool "Med-Index": an umbrella systematic review on health benefits of mediterranean diet principles and adherence in a planeterranean perspective.

Background: Med-Index is a one-health front-of-pack (FOP) label, based on Mediterranean diet (MedDiet) principles, developed to summarize information about the nutritional properties and related-health benefits of any food as well as its sustainable production processes, and the associated food company's social responsibility parameters in a new "Planeterranean" perspective. Thus, Med-Index can be adopted in and by any European region and authority as well as worldwide; this is achieved by consumption and cooking of locally available and sourced foods that respect MedDiet principles, both in terms of healthy nutrition and sustainable production. The huge body of scientific evidence about the health benefits of the MedDiet model and principles requires a comprehensive framework to encompass the scientific reliability and robustness of this tool.

Partial dissociative identity disorder and gender incongruence: a case report.

Introduction: Gender incongruence (GI) is characterized by a marked and persistent incongruence between an individual's experienced gender and assigned sex, which often leads to a desire to "transition" and a demand for medical treatments. Dissociative identity disorder and partial dissociative identity disorder (PDID) are poorly known mental disorders whose clinical presentation can be confused with GI.

Aims: To provide a case report of a patient with PDID and GI who required treatment for GI.

Measuring Nasal Patency and the Sense of Smell in CRSwNP Patients Treated with Dupilumab.

Chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) in the most severe forms is associated with a poor quality of life. Dupilumab has been suggested as an add-on treatment option for severe CRSwNP. Severe CRSwNP patients treated with dupilumab in different rhinological units were followed up at 1, 3, 6 and 12 months from the first administration and were considered for this study.

Exploring the Sustainable Benefits of Adherence to the Mediterranean Diet during the COVID-19 Pandemic in Italy.

This study aimed to identify adherence to the Mediterranean diet (MedDiet) and its effect on health and environmental and socioeconomic sustainability during the COVID-19 pandemic among a sample of the Italian population. Notably, it intended to assess the effect of adherence to the MedDiet on ecological footprints and food expenditure. A survey was conducted from the 5th to the 24th of April 2020 on Google Forms.

Modulation of gut microbiota: The effects of a fruits and vegetables supplement.

The consumption of an optimal amount of fruits and vegetables is known to improve physical fitness and physiological body functions. Healthy eating habits, including intake of fruits and vegetables, can modify gut microbiota. This study aimed to demonstrate the effectiveness of a formulated fruit and vegetable supplement (FVS) in modulating the antioxidant capacity and the gut microbiota composition.

Antibiotic Resistance Genes Occurrence in Conventional and Antibiotic-Free Poultry Farming, Italy.

Antimicrobial resistance is a complex and widespread problem threatening human and animal health. In poultry farms, a wide distribution of resistant bacteria and their relative genes is described worldwide, including in Italy. In this paper, a comparison of resistance gene distribution in litter samples, recovered from four conventional and four antibiotic-free broiler flocks, was performed to highlight any influence of farming systems on the spreading and maintenance of resistance determinants.

Gender Dysphoria and Dissociative Identity Disorder: A Case Report and Review of Literature.

Background: World Professional Association for Transgender Health guidelines support the importance of a mental health assessment before providing medical treatment for Gender Dysphoria (GD). During this assessment, patients without GD but with mental health disorder and who request treatment for GD should be excluded. Dissociative Identity Disorder (DID) is a poorly known mental disorder which can be confused for GD.

"Planeterranean" Diet: extending worldwide the health benefits of Mediterranean Diet based on nutritional properties of locally available foods.

In 2010, November 16th, the Mediterranean diet was given the recognition of UNESCO as an "Intangible Heritage of Humanity" as this dietary pattern is rooted in the preservation of tradition, land, and biodiversity. In addition, mounting evidence supported the pivotal role of the Mediterranean diet in the prevention of non-communicable diseases. Nevertheless, the application of this dietary pattern in non-Mediterranean countries is still challenging.

Curcumin Supplementation (Meriva) Modulates Inflammation, Lipid Peroxidation and Gut Microbiota Composition in Chronic Kidney Disease.

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) subjects suffer from high risk of cardiovascular mortality, and any intervention preventing the progression of CKD may have an enormous impact on public health. In the last decade, there has been growing awareness that the gut microbiota (GM) can play a pivotal role in controlling the pathogenesis of systemic inflammatory state and CKD progression. To ameliorate the quality of life in CKD subjects, the use of dietary supplements has increased over time.

Association of ADHD and hypersexuality and paraphilias.

Subjects with ADHD suffer from inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity. Clinicians often assume that specific symptoms of ADHD are bound to affect sexual desire by increasing the frequency of hypersexuality. There is a lack of knowledge about the comorbidity between ADHD, hypersexuality, and paraphilias.

COVID-19: Is there a role for immunonutrition in obese patient?

On December 12, 2019 a new coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) emerged in Wuhan, China, triggering a pandemic of severe acute respiratory syndrome in humans (COVID-19). Today, the scientific community is investing all the resources available to find any therapy and prevention strategies to defeat COVID-19. In this context, immunonutrition can play a pivotal role in improving immune responses against viral infections.

[Role of the psychiatrist-psychotherapist in the assessment and treatment of gender dysphoria].

This article is the result of the joint work of psychiatrists-psychotherapists working with patients with gender dysphoria (children, adolescents and adults) in Lausanne and Geneva university hospitals. It emphasizes the importance of their clinical interventions when hormone therapy and sex reassignment surgery are requested.

Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor and sarcoglycan delta genetic variants can affect cardiovascular risk in chronic kidney disease patients under hemodialysis.

Background: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients under hemodialysis show a higher risk of cardiovascular (CV) mortality and morbidity than the general population. This study aims to identify genetic markers that could explain the increased CV risk in hemodialysis.

Methods: A total of 245 CKD patients under hemodialysis were recruited and followed up for 5 years to record CV events.

Psychological Aspects and Eating Habits during COVID-19 Home Confinement: Results of EHLC-COVID-19 Italian Online Survey.

The COVID-19 pandemic has had a huge impact on the population with consequences on lifestyles. The aim of the study was to analyse the relationship between eating habits, mental and emotional mood. A survey was conducted online during social isolation, from 24 April to 18 May 2020, among the Italian population.

Sexual Function, Sexual Dysfunctions, and ADHD: A Systematic Literature Review.

Background: The scientific literature on sexuality among mentally ill patients clearly shows a higher prevalence of sexual disorders for many mental disorders, but little is known about sexuality in individuals suffering from ADHD. Clinicians will often assume that specific difficulties of ADHD are bound to affect sexual functioning.

Aim: The aim of this study was to provide a review of the literature to gain better knowledge about sexuality in subjects with ADHD and to discuss screening and management of their potential sexual problems.

[Sexuality in subjects who suffer from attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder].

Although there is a substantial literature concerning the sexuality of people suffering from a psychiatric disorder, such as depression, anxiety disorder, schizophrenia, eating disorders or personality disorders, few studies have investigated the sexuality of attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) patients. The purpose of this article is therefore to show current knowledge about sexuality in people suffering from ADHD. The latter seem to have less sexual satisfaction, more sexual desire, more sexual dysfunction and more risky sexual behavior than the general population.

Effect of Lactose Pseudopolymorphic Transition on the Aerosolization Performance of Drug/Carrier Mixtures.

Physico-chemical properties of lactose are key factors in adhesive mixtures used as dry powder inhaler (DPI). Despite the abundant literature on this topic, the effect of the polymorphism and pseudo-polymorphism of lactose has been seldom investigated and discussed although often lactose used in DPI is subjected to unit operations, which may alter its solid-state properties. Here, we studied the aerosolization performance of salbutamol sulphate (SS) or budesonide (BUD) formulations by investigating the effect of lactose pseudopolymorphism in ternary (coarse lactose/fine lactose/drug) and binary (coarse lactose/drug) mixtures.

Curcumin and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: Prevention and Treatment.

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is an ensemble of metabolic diseases that has reached pandemic dimensions all over the world. The multifactorial nature of the pathology makes patient management, which includes lifelong drug therapy and lifestyle modification, extremely challenging. It is well known that T2DM is a preventable disease, therefore lowering the incidence of new T2DM cases could be a key strategy to reduce the global impact of diabetes.

The benefits of nutritional counselling for improving sport performance.

Background: It is well known that the synergy between physical activity and healthy eating habits is an important combination for the achievement of different objectives. However, recent studies in the literature focused mainly on the effect of this synergy on weight loss or different non communicable diseases. In this study, we aimed to investigate the effect of healthy eating, based on the Mediterranean diet, on physical performance of kickboxers and runners.

Leishmania infantum amastigote nucleoside triphosphate diphosphohydrolase 1 (NTPDase 1): Its inhibition as a new insight into mode of action of pentamidine.

Nucleoside triphosphate diphosphohydrolase (NTPDase) 1 from intracellular amastigotes of Leishmania infantum-infected macrophage was identified by immunocytochemistry and confocal laser scanning microscopy using antibodies that specifically recognize its B-domain. This enzyme was previously characterized in Leishmania promastigote form, and here it is shown to be susceptible to pentamidine isethionate (PEN). In initial assays, this antileishmanial compound (100 μM) reduced 60% phosphohydrolytic activity of promastigotes preparation.