Biosolids as a Source of Antibiotic Resistance Plasmids for Commensal and Pathogenic Bacteria.

Antibiotic resistance (AR) is a threat to modern medicine, and plasmids are driving the global spread of AR by horizontal gene transfer across microbiomes and environments. Determining the mobile resistome responsible for this spread of AR among environments is essential in our efforts to attenuate the current crisis. Biosolids are a wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) byproduct used globally as fertilizer in agriculture.

Rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder or epileptic seizure during sleep? A video analysis of motor events.

Purpose: To compare the motor semiology of sleep behavior disorder (RBD) during rapid eye movement (REM) with epileptic seizures in non-REM and REM sleep.

Methods: We analyzed the types and frequency of motor events from videos of patients with RBD (n = 15, mean age 64.8 years, 179 motor episodes) and patients with epilepsy (n = 15, mean age 34.

4h versus 1h-nap-video-EEG monitoring in an Epileptology Unit.

Objective: To compare the performance of 4h-video EEG monitoring (VEEG) and 1h-nap-VEEG in an Epileptology Unit.

Methods: We examined short-term VEEG data from 196 patients admitted to characterize their: (i) clinical events; (ii) epileptic syndromes or (iii) state after status epilepticus or surgery. We compared the 4h-VEEG and 1h-nap-VEEG performances using three measures: (i) the capability to detect epileptic seizures (ES), psychogenic non-epileptic seizures (PNES), interictal epileptiform abnormalities (IEA) and sleep-related IEA; (ii) the usefulness to answer questions on referral; (iii) the sensitivity for the final diagnosis.

Evaluation of capillary zone electrophoresis for charge heterogeneity testing of monoclonal antibodies.

Within pharmaceutical industry charge heterogeneity testing of biopharmaceuticals has to be reproducible and fast. It should pass method validation according to ICH Q2. Classical approaches for the analysis of the charge heterogeneity of biopharmaceuticals are ion exchange chromatography (IEC) and isoelectric focusing (IEF).

[Population state of Echinometra lucunter (Echinoida: Echinometridae) and its accompanying fauna on Caribbean rocky littoral from Colombia].

In order to know the current condition of the Echinometra lucunter population in the Colombian Caribbean, ten zones of the most representative rocky-shore were selected for sampling between November 2002 and May 2003. In each zone, four transects of 10.25 m2 were located parallel to the coast, and measured with a 0.

[Taxonomic list of the asteroids (Echinodermata: Asteroidea) from the shelf and superior slope from the Colombian Caribbean].

Between 1998 and 2001 we surveyed the benthic macrofauna of the continental shelf and its upper slope in the Colombian Caribbean. The INVEMAR-MACROFAUNA I-II expeditions used a "semi-ballon" net were for 10 minute bottom drags from Punta Gallinas (Guajira) to Arboletes (Antioquia). These covered seven ecological sectors from the Colombian Caribbean: Guajira (GUA), Palomino (PAL), Tayrona (TAY), Magdalena (MAG), Archipiélagos Coralinos (ARCO), Morrosquillo (MOR), and Darié (DAR).

Benzodiazepines in psychotic States.

Benzodiazepines are primarily used for the treatment of generalized anxiety disorder, insomnia and status epilepticus. These drugs can also be useful in hyperaroused states, catatonic stupor, manic episodes, and akathisia. This paper will review indications for their use in various psychotic conditions.

Rapid tranquilization: a reevaluation.

Years of experience have indicated that the widespread and frequent use of rapid tranquilization is not based on demonstrated efficacy. Multiple high-dose administration of neuroleptics parenterally does not produce rapid relief of psychosis and, at the same time, exposes the patient to risk of severe side effects. Rapid tranquilization may only have a limited and specific applicability; therefore, it is important to reexamine its clinical indications and to search for safer alternatives.