A contact binary satellite of the asteroid (152830) Dinkinesh.

Asteroids with diameters less than about 5 km have complex histories because they are small enough for radiative torques (that is, YORP, short for the Yarkovsky-O'Keefe-Radzievskii-Paddack effect) to be a notable factor in their evolution. (152830) Dinkinesh is a small asteroid orbiting the Sun near the inner edge of the main asteroid belt with a heliocentric semimajor axis of 2.19 AU; its S-type spectrum is typical of bodies in this part of the main belt.

Caries experience scores revisited for caries risk assessment using cariogram model - A cross-sectional study.

Context: The widely accepted caries risk assessment tools such as the Cariogram model needs modifications in the scoring of different factors for reliable results.

Aims: The study was aimed to report the caries experience in 3-60 years of the Rajasthan population and to apply the newly derived average decayed exfoliated filled teeth/Decayed Missing Filled Teeth (deft/DMFT) scores in the Cariogram model to assess the caries risk.

Settings And Design: The cross-sectional study was planned in the Department of Dentistry and a total of 500 participants were equally divided into five groups (3-6, 7-12, 13-30, 31-44, and 45-60 years) were included.

Novel Insights into Understanding the Molecular Dialogues between Bipolaroxin and the Gα and Gβ Subunits of the Wheat Heterotrimeric G-Protein during Host-Pathogen Interaction.

Spot blotch disease of wheat, caused by the fungus (Sacc.) Shoem., produces several toxins which interact with the plants and thereby increase the blightening of the wheat leaves, and Bipolaroxin is one of them.

Identification of Novel Genomic Regions for Biofortification Traits Using an SNP Marker-Enriched Linkage Map in Wheat ( L.).

Micronutrient and protein malnutrition is recognized among the major global health issues. Genetic biofortification is a cost-effective and sustainable strategy to tackle malnutrition. Genomic regions governing grain iron concentration (GFeC), grain zinc concentration (GZnC), grain protein content (GPC), and thousand kernel weight (TKW) were investigated in a set of 163 recombinant inbred lines (RILs) derived from a cross between cultivated wheat variety WH542 and a synthetic derivative ( PI94624/ [409]//BCN).

Intercomparison of crop establishment methods for improving yield and profitability in the rice-wheat system of Eastern India.

Conventionally managed rice-wheat systems of the eastern Indo-Gangetic Plains (E-IGP) that rely on soil puddling for rice and intensive tillage for wheat are low-yielding and resource-inefficient, leading to low profitability. While a host of alternative tillage and crop establishment (TCE) methods have been advocated as solutions for sustainably enhancing productivity and profitability, few systematic comparisons of these methods are reported. To address this gap, a three-year field study was conducted in Bihar, India with the goal of identifying TCE methods for rice-wheat systems that are high yielding, less resource-intensive, and more profitable.

Crop variety management for climate adaptation supported by citizen science.

Crop adaptation to climate change requires accelerated crop variety introduction accompanied by recommendations to help farmers match the best variety with their field contexts. Existing approaches to generate these recommendations lack scalability and predictivity in marginal production environments. We tested if crowdsourced citizen science can address this challenge, producing empirical data across geographic space that, in aggregate, can characterize varietal climatic responses.

Synaptosomal and mitochondrial oxidative damage followed by behavioral impairments in streptozotocin induced diabetes mellitus: restoration by Malvastrum tricuspidatum.

Synaptosomal and mitochondrial impairments in the brain of diabetic individual manifest metabolic risk factors that most likely affect the brain functions. Diabetes is associated with the structural and functional alterations of the brain and neuronal loss leading to cognitive and other behavioral impairments, thus reducing the quality of life. The biochemical mechanisms underlying the diabetes-associated behavioral decline are poorly understood.

Molecular mapping of the grain iron and zinc concentration, protein content and thousand kernel weight in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.).

Genomic regions responsible for accumulation of grain iron concentration (Fe), grain zinc concentration (Zn), grain protein content (PC) and thousand kernel weight (TKW) were investigated in 286 recombinant inbred lines (RILs) derived from a cross between an old Indian wheat variety WH542 and a synthetic derivative (Triticum dicoccon PI94624/Aegilops squarrosa [409]//BCN). RILs were grown in six environments and evaluated for Fe, Zn, PC, and TKW. The population showed the continuous distribution for all the four traits, that for pooled Fe and PC was near normal, whereas, for pooled Zn, RILs exhibited positively skewed distribution.

Neurodegenerative diseases: From available treatments to prospective herbal therapy.

Neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease and many others represent a relevant health problem with age worldwide. Efforts have been made in recent years to discover the mechanism of neurodegenerative diseases and prospective therapy that can help to slow down the effects of the aging and prevent these diseases. Since pathogenesis of these diseases involves multiple factors therefore the important task for neuroscientists is to identify such multiple factors and prevent age-associated neurodegenerative diseases.

Ethyl methane sulphonate induced genetic variability and heritability in macrosperma and microsperma lentils.

Dry and healthy seeds of two lentil cultivars, LH90-54 (macrosperma) and LH89-48 (microsperma) were treated with three doses of ethyl methane sulphonate (0.1, 0.2 and 0.

Flavonoid-based therapies in the early management of neurodegenerative diseases.

During the past several years, there has been enormous progress in the understanding of the causative factors that initiate neuronal damage in various neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer disease, Parkinson disease, multiple sclerosis, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, and Huntington disease. Preventing neuronal damage and neuronal death will have a huge clinical benefit. However, despite major advances in causative factors that trigger these neurodegenerative diseases, to date there have been no therapies available that benefit patients who suffer from these diseases.

Mitochondrial sirtuins: emerging roles in metabolic regulations, energy homeostasis and diseases.

The energy production and metabolic homeostasis are well-orchestrated networks of carbohydrate, lipid and protein metabolism. These metabolic pathways are integrated by a key cytoplasmic organelle, the mitochondria, leading to production of many metabolic intermediates and harvest cellular energy in the form of ATP. Sirtuins are a highly conserved family of proteins that mediate cellular physiology and energy demands in response to metabolic inputs.

Flavonoids in modulation of cell survival signalling pathways.

Flavonoids, a family of polyphenols, generally found in various fruits and vegetables, as well as in many plant beverages such as tea, pomegranate juice, raspberry, blueberries, and red wine. Recently, studies on flavonoids have attracted scientific attention as a potential nutritional strategy to prevent a broad range of chronic disorders. Many studies suggest that consumption of these flavonoids in sufficient amount plays neuroprotective, cardioprotective, anti-inflammatory, and chemopreventive roles.

New 1,3,4-bisthiadiazolines: synthesis, characterization and antimicrobial evaluations.

The bisthiadiazolines 4a-4g have been synthesized in good yields from the cyclization reactions of bisthiosemicarbazones 3a-3g with acetic anhydride. The condensation reaction of dibenzaldehydes 2a-2g with thiosemicarbazide in alcoholic medium provided 3a-3g and former were obtained from the O-alkylation of 3-hydroxybenzaldehyde with suitable 1,ω-dibromoalkanes under alkaline conditions in the presence of dry EtOH/DMF. The intermediates 3a-3g and bishetrocyclics 4a-4g were also screened for their in vitro antimicrobial activities against seven bacterial strains (Klubsellia pneumoniae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli, Straphylococcus aureus, Bacillius subtilis, Pseudomonas fluorescens and Streptoccus pyrogens) and five fungi strains (Aspergillius janus, Pencillium glabrum, Fusarium oxysporum, Aspergillus sclerotiorum, Aspergillus niger).

Photoinduced synthesis of new diisochromenochromen-4-ones and their antimicrobial activities.

The diisochromenochromen-4-one 3a-3b, 4a-4c, 5a-6a  & 7 have been prepared from the photocyclization reaction of bischromen-4-one 2a-2e. The later compounds are obtained from the O-alkylation of the suitable 3-hydroxy-2-aryl-4H-chromen-4-one 1a-1e with 4,4'-bischloromethyl-diphenyl in dry acetone, anhydrous K₂CO₃, and PTC (Bu₄N⁺I⁻) under refluxing conditions. The structures of compounds 2a-2e, 3a-3b, 4a-4c, 5a-6a  & 7 have been characterized from the rigorous analysis of their IR, ¹H-NMR, ¹³C-NMR, ESI-Mass, and elemental analysis.

Variability in physicochemical and nutritional quality traits of parents, F2 and F3 generations of lentil crosses.

Ten physicochemical and nutritional quality traits (100-seed weight, seed volume, seed density, bulk density, hydration capacity, hydration index, swelling capacity, protein, tryptophan and energy value) were examined in the seed samples of parents, F2 and F3 generations of three microsperma x microsperma and two microsperma x macrosperma crosses of lentils. Significant variation for different traits was observed among the genotypes in both the groups and also among both types of crosses in F2 and F3 generations. Ranges, means and coefficients of variation (CV %) for various traits among parents, F2 and F3 generations of different crosses, along with the deviations between F2 and F3 generation means for various traits in different crosses are discussed.

Nutritional parameters and yield evaluation of newly developed genotypes of lentil (Lens culinaris Medik.).

Among the commonly consumed food legumes, lentils occupy an important place in human nutrition in the Indian subcontinent. Twenty-one lentil genotypes were evaluated for such nutrition related parameters as moisture, protein, crude fiber, fat, ash (total mineral matter), carbohydrates, total energy and metabolizable energy. These genotypes were also analyzed for 100-seed weight and seed yield/plant.

Early generation yield testing versus visual selection in chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.).

Four F3 populations of chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) were simultaneously evaluated for yield in an F3 yield trial and in single plant progeny rows. Ten high yielding, 10 low yielding and 10 randomly sampled lines, along with 10 lines visually selected for yield from the progeny rows, were retained for further evaluation.