Spectral Characteristics Related to Chemical Substructures and Structures Indicative of Organic Precursors from Fulvic Acids in Sediments by NMR and HPLC-ESI-MS.

The aim of this work was to determine Fulvic Acids (FAs) in sediments to better know their composition at the molecular level and to propose substructures and structures of organic precursors. The sediment samples were obtained from a priority area for the conservation of ecosystems and biodiversity in Mexico. FAs were extracted and purified using modifications to the International Humic Substances Society method.

Surgical management of appendiceal adenocarcinoid. Case report and literature review.

Adenocarcinoid tumour of the appendix is a rare entity characterised by the presence of a double component (neuroendocrine and glandular). It originates in the neuroendocrine cells of the appendicular mucosa. A preoperative diagnosis of a primary appendiceal tumour is uncommon and more so one suggesting an adenocarcinoid pathology.

[Radiosurgery as adjuvant treatment of a recurrent adult medulloblastoma. Ultra-early response].

The role of radiosurgery after multimodality treatment of recurrent desmoplastic adult medulloblastoma is analyzed. The ultra-early clinical and pathological response of this tumor to adjunctive radiosurgery is stressed.

Inter- and intra-observer assessment of the Galactogram Imaging Classification System (GICS).

Background: A new system for the classification of galactograms is reported. To date, there is no universally accepted classification system.

Purpose: To evaluate inter- and intra-observer agreement of the Galactogram Imaging Classification System (GICS) MATERIAL AND METHODS: Six observers with different levels of experience retrospectively evaluated 30 galactograms using the GICS.

Galactography: an application of the Galactogram Imaging Classification System (GICS).

Background: Galactography is the technique of choice for investigating pathological nipple discharge. However, there is no standardized interpretation system for this procedure.

Purpose: To evaluate radiological and histological correlation using a Galactogram Imaging Classification System (GICS).

[Immunohistochemical characterisation of breast cancer: towards a new clasification?].

Background: The aim of this paper is to determine the possible association between five different profiles of immunohistochemical expression related to clinical, histopathological and immunohistochemical known prognostic value variables for breast cancer.

Material And Method: A total of 194 breast carcinoma tumour samples were studied. In this study five groups or immunohistochemical profiles were defined, based on expression of hormone receptors (oestrogen or progesterone) and/or Her2/neu (luminal-type A, luminal-type B, mixed profile, Her2/neu profile and triple-negative-type profile) and we studied whether there are differences between them with regard to clinical, histopathological and immunohistochemical variables that have a known prognostic significance.

Utility of frozen-section examination for diagnosis of malignancy associated with multinodular goiter.

Background: Frozen-section examination (FSE) has traditionally been used for the intraoperative diagnosis of thyroid cancer. However, the utility of the technique is now controversial, especially in multinodular goiter (MNG), on which there are few studies. The aim of this study was to analyze the utility of FSE for ruling out malignancy in patients undergoing surgery for MNG.

[Primary non-lymphoid thymic neoplasms. A study of 58 cases].

Background And Objective: Primary non-lymphoid thymus tumors (PNLTT) are an uncommon though quite varied pathology. Our objective was to identify the clinical, therapeutic and histologic variables with a prognostic value in these neoplasms.

Patients And Method: We studied 58 PNLTT cases, corresponding to 52 epithelial neoplams (PTEN), 4 thymolipomas (7%) and 2 neuroendocrine tumors (3%).

Cytologic aspect of fibrolamellar hepatocellular carcinoma in fine-needle aspirates.

This is a review of the cytologic and clinicopathological findings seen in a series of six fibrolamellar hepatocellular carcinomas (FL-HCC) studied by means of fine-needle aspiration (FNA). A comparison of several cellular measurements (cell, nuclear and nucleolar sizes, and N/C ratios) of FL-HCC, ordinary hepatocellular carcinoma (O-HCC), and normal hepatocytes was also carried out in order to find out if these figures could be of help in the cytologic diagnosis. Aspirates were made up of a rather monotonous population of large discohesive cells resembling the morphology of the oncocytes seen in thyroid aspirates; trabecular arrangement of tumor cells was not observed.

[Genetic analysis of RET mutations in families with multiple endocrine neoplasia type II in the community of Murcia].

Background: Multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2 (MEN 2) syndromes are inherited following an autosomal dominant pattern. RET protooncogen mutations have been associated with MEN 2. The identification of these mutations enables us to diagnose MEN 2.

Fine needle aspiration (FNA) of testicular germ cell tumours; a 10-year experience in a community hospital.

A retrospective reappraisal is made of the smears of 29 testicular germ cell tumors (TGCT) studied by FNA in which both orchiectomy specimens and histologic diagnoses were available. In 22 cases (75.86%) the yield was sufficient and contained cells suitable for cytologic diagnosis; in these 22 cases a diagnoses of malignancy was reached.

Ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration biopsy. Study of the cost per patient and comparison with computed tomography-guided biopsy.

Between February 1992 and July 1995, we performed 222 ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration biopsies (FNAB) in abdominal space-occupying lesions. The sensitivity was 90% and the specificity, 100%, with an overall diagnostic precision of 93%. We also determined the cost of each procedure (2,550 pesetas) and compared it with the cost of computerized tomography (CT)-guided biopsy (22,500 pesetas).

Fine-needle aspiration of subacute granulomatous thyroiditis (De Quervain's thyroiditis): a clinico-cytologic review of 36 cases.

Although subacute granulomatous thyroiditis (SGT) is usually diagnose clinically, there are other thyroid conditions that must be ruled out. This task is achieved by means of fine-needle aspiration (FNA). In retrospect, the clinical and cytologic findings seen in 36 SGT cases are reassessed with a view to deciding which findings are most reliable for reaching a confident cytologic diagnosis.

Follicular variant of papillary carcinoma of the thyroid: to what extent is fine-needle aspiration reliable?

We have reappraised the fine-needle aspirates (FNAs) of 5 cases of the follicular variant of papillary carcinoma of the thyroid (FVPCT). Three of these had been performed on cold thyroid nodules and had been diagnosed as follicular proliferations. The remaining 2 had been performed on cervical lymphadenopathies and had been diagnosed as metastatic papillary carcinoma, probably of thyroid origin.

Mimics of pilomatrixomas in fine-needle aspirates.

This is a review of the fine-needle aspirates (FNAs) of nine pilomatrixomas (PMs) found in a series of 1,500 FNAs performed on skin nodules. The objective is to determine and list the cytologic findings that might mislead the less-experienced cytopathologist and to give him advice on how to avoid such errors. The following recommendations are made: 1) The FNAs should be carried out and the smears interpreted by the same person.

Prognostic factors of thymomas.

Thymomas are uncommon tumours. This study analyses the prognostic value of certain clinical variables and of two different histological classifications. Thirty cases were analysed; 24 were women and six men, with a mean age of 50 years (range 22-69).

Multivariate analysis of histopathological features as prognostic factors in patients with papillary thyroid carcinoma.

A retrospective analysis of 121 papillary thyroid carcinomas was made to assess prognostic factors including histological variants which might be related to survival. The mean follow-up period was 10 years and clinical, surgical and histopathological data were studied. The survival curves were analysed by the Kaplan-Meier method and the multivariate analysis used Cox's regression model.

Cytopathology of undifferentiated (embryonal) sarcoma of the liver.

We have studied one undifferentiated (embryonal) sarcoma of the liver (USL) by fine-needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) and have correlated the cytologic findings with those seen in the histologic sections. The main cytologic and immunocytochemical features were: cellular aspirates, mesenchymal clusters, disparity in individual cell size (small round cells, and multinucleated giant cells, sometimes bizarre), absence of biliary pigment, AFP-negative and vimentin-negative tumor cells, AFP-negative and PAS-positive hyaline globules, and apoptotic cells. Only immunostaining for alpha-1-antitrypsin, alpha-1-antichymotrypsin, and carcinoembryonic antigen were positive in tumor cells in histologic sections.

[Giant cell leiomyosarcoma of the spermatic cord: a report].

Presentation of the case of one patient with a leiomyosarcoma of the spermatic cord with presence of numerous giant cells, a remarkably unusual finding. Presence of this type of cells, as well as their positivity for histiocytic markers in immunohistochemical staining, raise considerable problems for the differential diagnosis of this neoplasia with malignant fibrous histiocytomas, which probably requires a different, more aggressive therapeutical approach.