Age-related Effects of Heroin on Gene Expression in the Hippocampus and Striatum of Cynomolgus Monkeys.

Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate differentially expressed genes and their functions in the hippocampus and striatum after heroin administration in cynomolgus macaques of different ages.

Methods: Cynomolgus monkeys were divided by age as follows: 1 year (A1, n = 2); 3 to 4 years (A2, n = 2); 6 to 8 years (A3, n = 2); and older than 11 years (A4, n = 2). After heroin was injected intramuscularly into the monkeys (0.

Decreased Serum Glutamate Levels in Male Adults with Internet Gaming Disorder: A Pilot Study.

Objective: Alteration in glutamatergic neurotransmission and dopaminergic dysfunction has been implicated in both the initiation and expression of addiction related behaviors. This pilot study was aimed to investigate the serum levels of glutamate and dopamine in adults with internet gaming disorder (IGD).

Methods: We measured serum levels of glutamate and dopamine in male participants with IGD (n=26) and age-matched healthy controls (n=25).

Effects of acute and chronic methamphetamine administration on cynomolgus monkey hippocampus structure and cellular transcriptome.

Methamphetamine (MA), a psychostimulant abused worldwide, gives rise to neurotoxicity in the hippocampus, resulting in cognitive impairments and hippocampal volume reduction. The cellular and molecular mechanisms associated with hippocampal impairments due to MA remain unknown. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of MA on structural alterations and gene expressions in the hippocampus.

Prevalence Risk of Metabolic Syndrome Associated with Alcohol Use Behavior in Korean Women.

Objective: Considerable research has been conducted on the relationship between alcohol consumption and metabolic syndrome. Although various standards for the amount and frequency of alcohol consumption have been suggested, a tool to measure individual alcohol use behavior against a consistent standard is required. Moreover, the association of alcohol use behavior with health should be examined on the basis of such a standard.

The association between the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor α4 subunit gene (CHRNA4) rs1044396 and Internet gaming disorder in Korean male adults.

The primary aim of this study was to investigate the genetic predisposition of Internet gaming disorder (IGD), and the secondary aim was to compare the results to those of alcohol dependence (AD). Two independent case-control studies were conducted. A total of 30 male participants with IGD, diagnosed according to the 5th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5) criteria, and 30 sex-matched controls participated in study 1.

An association study of and and - polymorphisms in adults with internet gaming disorder: a pilot study.

Background: Though Internet gaming disorder (IGD) is considered to share similar genetic vulnerability with substance addictions, little has been explored about the role of the genetic variants on IGD. This pilot study was designed to investigate the association of the polymorphism of the ankyrin repeat and kinase domain containing 1 () gene and and -  of the dopamine D2 receptor () with IGD and their role on the personality and temperament traits in IGD among adult population.

Methods: Sixty-three subjects with IGD and 87 control subjects who regularly played Internet games were recruited.

Chronic saponin treatment attenuates damage to the pancreas in chronic alcohol-treated diabetic rats.

Background: Chronic heavy alcohol consumption may raise the risk of developing type 2 diabetes mellitus. Saponins inhibit apoptosis of pancreatic islet cells and reduce lipid parameters. The present study was designed to investigate the effect of saponin on chronic ethanol-treated diabetic rats.

Association Between Drinking and Obesity in Pre- and Postmenopausal Women: Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2010-2012.

Background: Women are more vulnerable to the adverse effects of alcohol than men. The present study aimed to investigate the link between drinking and obesity in pre- and postmenopausal women in Korea.

Methods: We performed a cross-sectional study of 4374 premenopausal and 2927 postmenopausal women using a multistage probability cluster survey sample to produce nationally representative estimates.