Publications by authors named "Soki Kashima"
Article Synopsis
- * A study reviewed four cases of bladder cancer in young SMID patients, noting a significant delay (median of 12.5 months) between the first symptoms and diagnosis, indicating a need for better monitoring.
- * Treatment involved radical cystectomy for three patients and transurethral ablation for one, with a median follow-up of 134 months; most patients survived, highlighting the need for timely evaluation of urinary symptoms in this vulnerable population.
Article Synopsis
- This study looked at women with bladder cancer who had surgery to remove their bladder and other reproductive organs to see how many still had problems with their reproductive organs.
- Out of 417 women, some had their uterus and vaginal wall saved, but about 9% showed signs of cancer in their reproductive areas.
- The researchers concluded that doctors need to think carefully about whether to save these organs during surgery because there's a risk that cancer could still affect them.
Article Synopsis
- Researchers created and validated a risk model for high-risk metastatic hormone-sensitive prostate cancer (mHSPC) patients treated with abiraterone acetate (ABI) to better predict patient outcomes.
- The study involved 233 patients from three academic centers and validated the model on a separate group of 282 patients, analyzing factors that influence progression-free survival (PFS2) and overall survival (OS).
- Key findings showed that the model effectively categorized patients into risk groups, with poor-risk patients having significantly lower median PFS2 and OS compared to favorable and intermediate groups, aiding in treatment planning.
Article Synopsis
- - This study aimed to create a prognostic model to estimate the risk of cancer-specific mortality in bladder cancer patients after radical cystectomy (RC), using data from 36 institutions in Japan.
- - Researchers analyzed patient data without adjuvant chemotherapy, splitting it into training and validation sets, and used a multivariable Cox regression model to predict outcomes based on 25 variables.
- - The final model, which included eight key variables, outperformed the existing CheckMate 274 classification, correctly reclassifying a significant portion of high-risk patients into a better prognosis group, enhancing potential treatment decisions.
Article Synopsis
- - Arterio-ureteral fistulas (AUFs) are rare but serious complications that require quick medical attention, often arising from surgeries like radical cystectomy.
- - A specific case involved a patient who developed an AUF after robotic surgery for bladder cancer, leading to severe internal bleeding due to urine leaks and infection.
- - The situation was successfully treated using a vascular procedure that involved placing an arterial stent graft to manage the fistula.
Objectives: To determine the effects of prophylactic urethrectomy (PU) on oncological and perioperative outcomes in patients with bladder cancer (BC) undergoing radical cystectomy (RC).
Methods: This retrospective study analyzed data on 1976 evaluable patients with BC who underwent RC. Patients were drawn from 36 institutions within the Japanese Urological Oncology Group.
Saliby et al. show that a machine learning approach can accurately classify clear cell renal cell carcinoma (RCC) into distinct molecular subtypes using transcriptomic data. When applied to tumors biospecimens from the JAVELIN Renal 101 (JR101) trial, a benefit is observed with immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI)-based therapy across all molecular subtypes.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObjective: To analyse the impact of histological discordance of subtypes (subtypes or divergent differentiation [DD]) in specimens from transurethral resection (TUR) and radical cystectomy (RC) on the outcome of the patients with bladder cancer receiving RC.
Patients And Methods: We analysed data for 2570 patients from a Japanese nationwide cohort with bladder cancer treated with RC between January 2013 and December 2019 at 36 institutions. The non-urinary tract recurrence-free survival (NUTR-FS) and overall survival (OS) stratified by TUR or RC specimen histology were determined.
Immune checkpoint inhibitors have significantly transformed the treatment paradigm for metastatic renal cell carcinoma (RCC), offering prolonged overall survival and achieving remarkable deep and durable responses. However, given the multiple ICI-containing, standard-of-care regimens approved for RCC, identifying biomarkers that predict therapeutic response and resistance is of critical importance. Although tumor-intrinsic features such as pathological characteristics, genomic alterations, and transcriptional signatures have been extensively investigated, they have yet to provide definitive, robust predictive biomarkers.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFA 66-year-old male was diagnosed with cT4N0M1b small-cell neuroendocrine carcinoma of the prostate. Four months after the administration of combined androgen blockade, multiple novel metastatic regions in the lung and liver and progression of bone metastasis were observed. The patient was referred to our hospital because of biochemical and radiographic progression after four cycles of docetaxel as a first-line therapy for castration-resistant prostate cancer.
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- A 75-year-old man with prostate cancer and a history of IgG4-related disease rapidly progressed to diffuse large B-cell lymphoma after receiving androgen deprivation therapy.
- The diagnosis was confirmed through symptoms like dyspnea and back pain, and immunohistochemistry showed a positive estrogen receptor β, suggesting estrogen suppression contributed to the lymphoma's progression.
- Following the cessation of hormone therapy and initiation of R-CHOP treatment, the patient's lymphoma significantly improved, highlighting the important role of estrogen in such cases and the need for careful treatment selection in similar patients.
Background: Although nivolumab plus ipilimumab is the standard treatment for metastatic renal cell carcinoma (RCC), its efficacy and safety in older patients remain unclear. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the clinical outcomes of nivolumab plus ipilimumab for metastatic RCC in patients aged ≥ 75 years.
Methods: We enrolled 120 patients with metastatic RCC treated with nivolumab plus ipilimumab from August 2015 to January 2023.
Article Synopsis
- Nivolumab plus ipilimumab (NIVO+IPI) is the primary treatment for metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC), with about 40% of patients achieving a lasting response, but 20% show primary resistance to the treatment.
- This study analyzed data from 120 mRCC patients treated with NIVO+IPI from August 2015 to January 2023, focusing on factors linked to primary resistant disease (PRD) and patient outcomes.
- The findings revealed that PRD was associated with significantly worse overall survival, and lymph node metastasis (LNM) was identified as an independent risk factor for developing PRD, suggesting some patients may not benefit from NIVO+IPI therapy.
The management of advanced renal cell carcinoma has advanced tremendously over the past decade, but most patients still do not receive durable clinical benefit from current therapies. Renal cellcarcinoma is an immunogenic tumor, historically with conventional cytokine therapies, such as interleukin-2 and interferon-α, and contemporarily with the introduction of immune checkpoint inhibitors. Now the central therapeutic strategy in renal cell carcinoma is combination therapies including immunecheckpoint inhibitors.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPurpose: We assessed the impact of plasma trough concentrations of abiraterone (ABI) and its metabolite Δ4-abiraterone (D4A) and related polymorphisms on adverse events (AEs) in patients with metastatic prostate cancer who received abiraterone acetate (AA).
Methods: This prospective study enrolled patients with advanced prostate cancer treated with AA between 2016 and 2021. Plasma trough concentrations of ABI and D4A were measured using high-performance liquid chromatography.
A 65-year-old man was found to have a 1.7 cm right renal mass by follow-up abdominal computed tomography for left total nephrectomy after a traffic accident. The renal mass progressed slowly to 2.
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- SNPs may impact how effectively nivolumab treats metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC) and the side effects patients experience.
- The study involved 106 mRCC patients, treated with either nivolumab alone or combined with ipilimumab, to test the effects of specific SNPs in the PD-1 gene.
- Results showed that patients with a specific allele had a higher risk of severe and multiple immune-related adverse events (irAEs), suggesting that this genetic variation could help predict side effects in mRCC patients on nivolumab.
Renal cell carcinoma unclassified with medullary phenotype (RCCU-MP) is an extremely rare variant of kidney cancer with poor prognosis. Recently, immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have been the mainstay of treatment for advanced clear cell renal cell carcinoma (RCC). However, the efficacy of ICI in the treatment of RCCU-MP remains unclear.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFHuman leukocyte antigen class I (HLA-I) genotypes are suggested to influence the cancer response to checkpoint blockade immunotherapy. This study assessed the impact of germline HLA genotypes on clinical outcomes in patients with chemoresistant advanced urothelial cancer (UC) treated with pembrolizumab. Zygosity, supertypes, evolutionary divergency, and specific alleles of germline HLA-I and -II were evaluated using the Luminex technique in 108 patients with chemoresistant metastatic or locally advanced UC treated with pembrolizumab.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPurpose: We assessed clinical outcomes in patients with metastatic castration-sensitive prostate cancer (mCSPC) treated with two upfront therapies.
Methods: The medical records of 301 patients with mCSPC treated with androgen deprivation therapy plus upfront abiraterone acetate (ABI) or docetaxel (DOC) between 2014 and 2021 were retrospectively reviewed. Propensity score matching (PSM) was performed to compare survival outcomes.
Article Synopsis
- Bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) is a common treatment for high-risk non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC), but it often causes various adverse side effects.
- A study involving 106 Japanese patients investigated whether adding levofloxacin after BCG treatments could help reduce these side effects without affecting treatment effectiveness.
- The results showed that levofloxacin significantly lowered the rates of certain adverse events and was associated with better 5-year survival rates compared to BCG alone.
Introduction: Warm ischemia time (WIT) is a primary concern for robot-assisted laparoscopic partial nephrectomy (RALPN) patients because longer WIT is significantly associated with postoperative deteriorating kidney function. Tumor complexity, determined by the RENAL nephrometry score (RENAL score), can help predict surgical outcomes, but it is unclear what RENAL score and clinical factors affect WIT. This study explored the clinical factors predicting long WIT in experienced surgeon to RALPN.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObjective: To compare the therapeutic effect of Bacille Calmette-Guérin (BCG) intravesical instillation in older and younger patients with high-risk non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer. The comparison was performed with propensity score matching (PSM) without terminating the death of the older patients using relatively large-scale retrospective data from multiple institutes in Japan.
Materials And Methods: Overall, 3283 patients diagnosed with non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer treated with intravesical BCG instillation during 2000-2018 in 31 institutes were examined; 1437 and 602 patients with high-grade T1 and Tis tumors were divided into those aged ≥75 and <75 years.
Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) ultrasound fusion biopsy is becoming popular owing to the better detection rate of clinically significant prostate cancer (csPCa). We retrospectively evaluated the accuracy of MRI-targeted biopsy during the period of introduction at a single academic center by comparing findings of its specimen and whole-mount histopathology. Between June 2018 and January 2021, 106 transperineal MRI-ultrasound fusion biopsies using BioJet software were performed.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Spontaneous bladder rupture (SBR) is very rare and can be associated with advanced bladder cancer. Because of its rarity, the optimal management of bladder cancer with SBR has not been established. Herein, we report a case of SBR due to locally advanced bladder cancer, which rapidly invaded the ileum and caused peritoneal dissemination.
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