Tunicamycin decreases the probability of single-channel openings for N-methyl-D-aspartate and alpha-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazole propionic acid receptors.

In whole-cell patches from cultured rat hippocampal neurons, tunicamycin (0.1-30 microM), an inhibitor of protein N-glycosylation, depressed currents through N-methyl-D-aspartate and alpha-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazole propionic acid receptor channels in a concentration-dependent manner. Tunicamycin shifted the agonist concentration-response curve for each receptor type to the right.

Modulation of P2X receptors via adrenergic pathways in rat dorsal root ganglion neurons after sciatic nerve injury.

The present study examined noradrenaline-induced modulation of ATP-evoked currents in dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons after sciatic nerve injury (transection). ATP (10 microM) generated fast/mixed type of whole-cell membrane currents, possibly as mediated via P2X(3)/P2X(3)-like receptors, and slow type of the currents, possibly as mediated via P2X(2/3) receptors, in acutely dissociated L4/5 DRG neurons, without significant difference between sham and injury group. For sham group, noradrenaline (10 microM) enhanced fast/mixed type of ATP-evoked currents in ipsilateral DRG neurons, that is not inhibited by H-7, a broad inhibitor of protein kinases, but otherwise it had no effect on slow type of the currents.

Tunicamycin inhibits NMDA and AMPA receptor responses independently of N-glycosylation.

In a whole-cell patch-clamp configuration, currents through N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) and alpha-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazole propionic acid (AMPA) receptor channels were monitored in cultured rat hippocampal neurons, and those currents were depressed to 25 and 28% of basal levels, respectively, by 3-min treatment with tunicamycin (10 microM), an inhibitor of protein N-glycosylation. Tunicamycin (10 microM) reduced amplitude of population spikes elicited in the dentate gyrus of rat hippocampal slices, reaching 78% of basal levels 60 min after the beginning of treatment, and long-term potentiation (LTP) of the perforant path was never induced in the presence of tunicamycin. Tunicamycin, thus, appears to serve as a modulator for NMDA and AMPA receptors, regardless of N-glycosylation, thereby inhibiting neurotransmission and LTP in the dentate gyrus.

Distinction between well-differentiated liposarcoma and intramuscular lipoma by power Doppler ultrasonography.

Background: This study evaluates the feasibility of ultrasonography in the distinction between well-differentiated liposarcoma (WDLS) and intramuscular lipoma (IL).

Materials And Methods: Three WDLSs and 9 ILs were included. Gray scale images were assessed for echogenicity, textural pattern and margins.

Usefulness of ultrasonography for early recurrent myositis ossificans.

Myositis ossificans is a benign heterotopic ossifying condition of soft tissues. The lesion may cause persistent functional impairment of adjacent joints. Surgical intervention is often needed to regain normal function, even though a high recurrence rate is reported.

Successful reimplantation of total femoral prosthesis after deep infection.

A 16-year-old boy developed a deep infection with methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus 6 months after total femoral replacement including knee and hip joints. The deep infection was eradicated by the use of débridement with continuous irrigation and removal of all prosthetic components followed by insertion of an antibiotic-impregnated cement spacer. Six weeks later, the total femoral prosthesis could be successfully reimplanted with both acetabular and tibial components.

Sonographic appearance of fibrous nodules in patellar clunk syndrome: a case report.

Patellar clunk syndrome is a rare complication causing pain after total knee arthroplasty. However, it is important to differentiate it from the other causes of patellofemoral pain. In this article, we apply ultrasonography for the first time to demonstrate the suprapatellar fibrous tissue causing this condition.

Evaluation of an interference screw for tendon reattachment to small bones.

Objectives: To compare the strength of interference screw fixation of the tendon to suture button fixation and staple fixation methods.

Design: Biomechanical study.

Methods: The femurs and flexor digitorum tendon of twelve rabbits were used.

Relation between interleukin-18 and PGE2 in synovial fluid of osteoarthritis: a potential therapeutic target of cartilage degradation.

Osteoarthritis (OA) is characterized by articular cartilage degradation and hypertrophic joint changes. Interleukin (IL)-18 is a potent inducer of prostaglandin (PG) E2 in vitro. We determined the relation between IL-18 and PGE2 in synovial fluid (SF) of human OA, and discussed the role of IL-18 in the pathogenesis of OA and also its therapeutic consequences.

Successful limb salvage of pathological fracture of the distal tibia caused by cancer metastasis.

Pathological fractures of the distal tibia as a result of cancer metastases are rare. In particular, the management of intraarticular fractures of the distal tibia has not been established. In this article, we present a case of pathological intraarticular fracture with an extensive bone defect of the distal tibia that was successfully treated by limb salvage with a locked intramedullary nail and pirarubicin-impregnated methylmethacrylate.