Piercing of the Human Parainfluenza Virus by Nanostructured Surfaces.

This paper presents a comprehensive experimental and theoretical investigation into the antiviral properties of nanostructured surfaces and explains the underlying virucidal mechanism. We used reactive ion etching to fabricate silicon (Si) surfaces featuring an array of sharp nanospikes with an approximate tip diameter of 2 nm and a height of 290 nm. The nanospike surfaces exhibited a 1.

Evaluation of genotoxicity of amine-terminated water-dispersible FePt nanoparticles in the Ames test and in vitro chromosomal aberration test.

Genotoxicity of superparamagnetic iron-platinum (FePt) nanoparticles (NPs) capped with 2-aminoethanethiol (AET) was evaluated using the bacterial reverse mutation assay (Ames test) and in vitro chromosomal aberration test. Mutagenicity of AET-capped FePt NPs was found to be negative in the Ames test, while clastogenicity of FePt NPs seemed to be false-positive in the in vitro chromosomal aberration test using Chinese hamster lung fibroblast cells. However, further detailed in vitro genotoxicity tests, such as DNA adduct studies, are necessary to conclude that a positive aberration result is irrelevant.

Mutagenicity of water-soluble FePt nanoparticles in Ames test.

A mutagenicity test was conducted on water-soluble FePt nanoparticles capped with tetramethylammonium hydroxide in a bacterial reverse mutation assay using Salmonella typhimurium strains TA98, TA100, TA1535 and TA1537, and Escherichia coli strain WP2uvrA/pKM101, with and without metabolic activation by S9 mix in the preincubation method. Mutagenicity was weakly positive in the TA100 strain without S9 mix (maximum specific activity was 61.6 revertants/mg), but negative in other cases.