Simple parameters to identify patients treatable with early definitive fixation: A nationwide study.

Introduction: Early appropriate care (EAC) is widely accepted as a safe strategy to perform early definitive fracture fixation, and good clinical outcomes have been reported in selected, multiply injured patients, although the optimal candidate for early definitive fixation (EDF) has not been validated. The aim of this study was to identify simple clinical parameters to help select patients who could undergo EDF.

Methods: Patients with extremity injuries who underwent open reduction and internal fixation were retrospectively identified, using data from the Japan Trauma Data Bank (JTDB).

Clinical parameters and optimal candidates for early definitive fixation of extremity injury: A nationwide study.

Background: While various strategies of fracture fixation for trauma patients have been discussed, optimal candidates remain unclear for early definitive fixation. The aim of this study was to integrate several clinical parameters into a scoring system and determine a cut-off value for safe early definitive surgery for extremity fractures.

Methods: We retrospectively identified patients with fracture in an extremity in Japanese Trauma Data Bank from 2004 to 2019.

Damage control orthopedics and decreased in-hospital mortality: A nationwide study.

Introduction: While various strategies of fracture fixation in trauma victims have been discussed, the effect of damage control orthopedics (DCO) on significant clinical outcome is inconclusive. We examined the mortality of patients managed with DCO, comparing those without DCO, using a nationwide trauma database.

Patients And Methods: We retrospectively identified patients with extremity injury, defined as patients with an Abbreviated Injury Scale (AIS) of ≥2 in an upper or lower extremity, in the database that included more than 200 major hospitals from 2004 to 2016.

Regiocontrolled Heptafluoroisopropylation of Aromatic Halides by Copper(I) Carboxylates with Heptafluoroisopropyl-Zinc Reagents.

Copper(I)-mediated heptafluoroisopropylation of aryl halides (ArX: X = I, Br) is demonstrated using copper(I) carboxylates and a bis(heptafluoroisopropyl)zinc reagent Zn( i-CF)(dmf), prepared from heptafluoroisopropyl iodide and diethylzinc. The air-tolerant solid heptafluoroisopropylzinc reagent is advantageous to conduct simple synthetic operations and successful to give the corresponding heptafluoroisopropyl arene derivatives via transmetalation to copper(I) center. The newly developed copper(I)-mediated heptafluoroisopropylation process can be advanced to the copper(I)-catalysis by silver carboxylate salts and complementary to the precedent radical-based processes.

gem-Digold Acetylide Complexes for Catalytic Intermolecular [4 + 2] Cycloaddition: Having Two Gold Centers Is Better for Asymmetric Catalysis.

Gold(I)-catalyzed highly enantioselective intermolecular [4 + 2] cycloaddition is shown with ynones and cyclohexadiene. Various bicyclo[2.2.

Neural stem cells directly differentiated from partially reprogrammed fibroblasts rapidly acquire gliogenic competency.

Neural stem cells (NSCs) were directly induced from mouse fibroblasts using four reprogramming factors (Oct4, Sox2, Klf4, and cMyc) without the clonal isolation of induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs). These NSCs gave rise to both neurons and glial cells even at early passages, while early NSCs derived from clonal embryonic stem cells (ESCs)/iPSCs differentiated mainly into neurons. Epidermal growth factor-dependent neurosphere cultivation efficiently propagated these gliogenic NSCs and eliminated residual pluripotent cells that could form teratomas in vivo.