Cannabis-Related Disorders Are Associated with Increased Early Postoperative Opioid Prescriptions and Delayed Emergency Department Visits Following Open Carpal Tunnel Release.

Background: The effect of cannabis on pain management following open carpal tunnel release (CTR) surgery is unknown. The purpose of this study is to compare outcomes for patients with cannabis-related disorder (CRD) undergoing open CTR to a propensity-matched cohort of patients without CRD (no cannabis-related disorder [NCRD]).

Methods: The TriNetX Research Network was queried to identify patients undergoing primary open CTR between January 2010 and December 2022.

Guide to Muscular Injuries and Common Ligamentous Injuries Among Soccer Players.

With over 250 million players worldwide, soccer is the most popular sport in the world. The overall number of players at professional, amateur, and recreational levels has increased along with an increase in player diversity, including age and sex. These increases in player numbers, as well as a variety of demographics, have resulted in an increase in soccer-related injuries.

Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Selected Speakers at Plastic Surgery Conferences.

Unlabelled: Disparities in representation amongst academic physicians continue to persist at multiple levels, including the resident selection process and faculty career advancement. This study aimed to evaluate the racial and ethnic representation amongst plastic surgeons who are selected to speak at national and regional plastic surgery conferences.

Methods: The researchers evaluated selected speakers at 12 plastic surgery annual meetings over 7 years (2014-2020).

The Hoffmann parallax: a prospective study to determine the benefit of Hoffmann's sign.

Background: Degenerative cervical myelopathy (DCM) is the most common cause of age-related spinal cord dysfunction worldwide. Despite the widespread use of provocative physical exam maneuvers in the workup of DCM, the clinical significance of Hoffmann's sign is controversial.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to prospectively assess the diagnostic performance of Hoffmann's sign for DCM in a cohort of patients treated by a single spine surgeon.

Diversity in Orthopaedic Surgery Residencies Based on Allopathic Medical School Affiliation.

Unlabelled: Orthopaedic surgery is one of the most competitive and least diverse specialties in medicine. Affiliation of an orthopaedics with an allopathic medical school impacts research opportunities and early exposure to clinical orthopaedics. The purpose of this study is to examine the potential effect allopathic medical school affiliation has on orthopaedic surgery resident demographics and academic characteristics.

Benefits of an Orthopedic Education Research Collaborative: An Innovative Approach.

Background Graduate Medical Education (GME) research in orthopedic surgery is an important but underrepresented subject in the medical literature. It was unknown if orthopedic residency leaders were interested in a surgical education research collaborative (). The objectives of this study were to assess the potential benefit of an orthopedic collaborative from orthopedic residency leaders and investigate the factors associated with the support of a research collaborative within a surgical subspecialty.

Impact of the Percentage of Overlapping Surgery on Patient Outcomes: A Retrospective Cohort Study of 87,000 Surgical Cases.

Objectives: The primary objective of this study was to analyze the relationship of percentage of surgical overlap with patient outcomes to determine if a detrimental level of overlap exists.

Background: Overlapping surgery is defined as 1 attending physician supervising 2 or more operative cases simultaneously, without the critical portions of the cases occurring concurrently. To date, no study has examined the relationship of percent overlap, or the percentage of 1 case that is spent overlapping with another, to outcomes, efficiency, safety, and complications.

The use of innominate artery cannulation for antegrade cerebral perfusion in aortic dissection.

Background: Direct cannulation of the innominate artery for selective antegrade cerebral perfusion has been shown to be safe in elective proximal aortic reconstructions. We sought to evaluate the safety of this technique in acute aortic dissection.

Methods: A multi-institutional retrospective review was undertaken of patients who underwent proximal aortic reconstruction for Stanford type A dissection between 2006 and 2016.

Protein misfolding and aggregation in neurodegenerative diseases: a review of pathogeneses, novel detection strategies, and potential therapeutics.

Protein folding is a complex, multisystem process characterized by heavy molecular and cellular footprints. Chaperone machinery enables proper protein folding and stable conformation. Other pathways concomitant with the protein folding process include transcription, translation, post-translational modifications, degradation through the ubiquitin-proteasome system, and autophagy.

First series of minimally invasive, robot-assisted tracheobronchoplasty with mesh for severe tracheobronchomalacia.

Objective: Tracheobronchomalacia is a progressive, debilitating disease with limited treatment options. Open tracheobronchoplasty (TBP) is an accepted surgical option for management of severe tracheobronchomalacia. This study examined the outcomes of the first reported series of robot-assisted TBP (R-TBP).

Thirty-day complication and readmission rates associated with resection of metastatic spinal tumors: a single institutional experience.

Background: This study aims to assess 30-day complication and unplanned readmission rates associated with resection of metastatic spinal tumors.

Methods: Medical records were reviewed for 135 adults who underwent elective resection of a spinal cord tumor. Patient demographics, comorbidities, and tumor characteristics were collected.

Post-operative drain use in patients undergoing decompression and fusion: incidence of complications and symptomatic hematoma.

Background: Surgical drains are commonly used after spine surgery to minimize infection and hematoma formation. The aim of this study was to determine the incidence of post-operative complications after spinal decompression and fusion with and without a subfascial drain.

Methods: The medical records of 139 adult (≥18 years old) spinal deformity patients undergoing elective spinal decompression and fusion at a major academic institution were reviewed.

Clinical utility of hyperbaric oxygen therapy in genitourinary medicine.

Hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT) is a medical technique which delivers oxygen at ambient pressures to increase the amount of dissolved oxygen in the blood and oxygen distribution to tissues. There are several beneficial properties of HBOT concomitant with elevated oxygen distribution in tissue including anti-inflammation, angiogenesis through vascular endothelial growth factor proliferation, augmented fibroblast activity through fibroblast growth factor proliferation, tissue and wound repair, enhancement of lymphocyte and macrophage activity, increased male testosterone secretion, and bactericidal activity. Given its renown in treating conditions such as decompression sickness and carbon monoxide poisoning, HBOT is making gradual strides for use in genitourinary medicine due to its low risk and likeliness to achieve favorable results.

The molecular biology of prostate cancer: current understanding and clinical implications.

Background: With continuous progress over the past few decades in understanding diagnosis, treatment, and genetics, much has been learned about the prostate cancer-diagnosed genome.

Methods: A comprehensive MEDLINE® and Google scholar literature search was conducted using keyword variations relating to the genetics of prostate cancer such as chromosomal alterations, androgen receptor, castration-resistant, inheritance, polymorphisms, oncogenes, metastasis, biomarkers, and immunotherapy.

Results: Traditionally, androgen receptors (AR) have been the focus of research.

Congenital central hypoventilation syndrome: An overview of etiopathogenesis, associated pathologies, clinical presentation, and management.

Congenital central hypoventilation syndrome (CCHS), known colloquially as Ondine's curse, is a rare disorder characterized by impaired autonomic control of breathing during sleep from the loss of vagal input and diminished sensitivity of CO receptors in the medulla. CCHS correlates to the malformation of the neural crest located in the brainstem; this consequently affects the loss of sensitivity of CO chemoreceptors, bringing about hypoventilation during sleep. The primary cause of CCHS is the mutation of the paired-like homeobox PHO2XB gene, found in 90% of the patients.

Ozone therapy: an overview of pharmacodynamics, current research, and clinical utility.

The use of ozone (O) gas as a therapy in alternative medicine has attracted skepticism due to its unstable molecular structure. However, copious volumes of research have provided evidence that O's dynamic resonance structures facilitate physiological interactions useful in treating a myriad of pathologies. Specifically, O therapy induces moderate oxidative stress when interacting with lipids.

Neuro-urological sequelae of lumbar spinal stenosis.

Purpose: Lumbar spinal stenosis is characterized by the narrowing of the spinal canal, which subsequently induces impingement of neural elements in the lumbar spine. Thus, symptoms of lumbar spinal stenosis are typically associated with damage to those neural elements. Herewith, we target the genitourinary symptoms of lumbar spinal stenosis and the importance of differentiating these symptoms from other genitourinary pathologies, namely benign prostatic hyperplasia.