Antimicrobial resistance in isolates from Japanese raccoon dogs () in Kanagawa Prefecture, Japan: Emergence of extended-spectrum cephalosporin-resistant human-related clones.

Wild animals are one of the putative reservoirs of antimicrobial-resistant bacteria, but the significance of raccoon dogs remains to be investigated. Raccoon dogs can be a reservoir of antimicrobial-resistant bacteria. This study aimed to explore the prevalence of antimicrobial resistance, mainly extended-spectrum cephalosporins resistance, in isolates from faeces of 80 Japanese raccoon dogs in Kanagawa Prefecture, Japan.

Development of a rapid scabies immunodiagnostic assay based on transcriptomic analysis of Sarcoptes scabiei var. nyctereutis.

Scabies is a highly contagious skin disease caused by the mite Sarcoptes scabiei that affects many mammals. However, the sensitivity of traditional tests for scabies diagnosis in humans is less than 50%. To simplify the diagnosis of scabies, methods that are simple, sensitive, specific, and cost-effective are required.

Emotion estimation using a wearable heart rate monitoring device in Asian elephants (Elephas maximus) during veterinary clinical procedures.

Fatal accidents in captive elephants occasionally occur because humans are unable to gauge elephants' emotions solely by their behavior. The intellectual capacity of elephants makes them capable of understanding circumstantial changes and associated emotions, allowing them to react accordingly. Physiological markers, such as heart rate variability, may be effective in determining an elephant's emotional state.

Separation of Synephrine Enantiomers in Citrus Fruits by a Reversed Phase HPLC after Chiral Precolumn Derivatization.

Racemic synephrine, which was transformed into diastereomers by derivatization with 2,3,4,6-tetra-O-acetyl-β-D-glucopyranosil isothiocyanate, was resolved by a reversed phase HPLC with UV detection at 254 nm. The total contents of synephrine enantiomers in citrus fruit samples were exocarp > mesocarp > endocarp > sarcocarp, suggesting that synephrine content of outer side of citrus fruits was higher than that of the inner side. (R)-Synephrine was detected in exocarp of eleven fresh citrus fruits, except for lemon, lime, and grapefruit samples.

Novel treatment for chronic pododermatitis in an Indian elephant (Elephas maximus indicus) with Mohs' paste.

Asian and African elephants are frequently afflicted by foot disorders that can be very challenging to manage even with aggressive therapy. Such conditions may have indirect life-threatening effects. Mohs' paste (zinc chloride based escharotic agent) was used to treat a female Indian elephant (Elephas maximus indicus) aged 39 years with foot disorder at Kanazawa Zoological Gardens.

The complete mitochondrial genome of Sarcoptes scabiei var. nyctereutis from the Japanese raccoon dog: Prediction and detection of two transfer RNAs (tRNA-A and tRNA-Y).

Sarcoptes scabiei (Acari: Sarcoptidae) causes a common contagious skin disease that affects many mammals. Here, the complete mitochondrial genome of a mite, S. scabiei var.

Evaluation of somatotype in the reticulated giraffe (Giraffa camelopardalis reticulata) using three-dimensional laser measurement.

The giraffe (Giraffa camelopardalis) is a difficult animal to keep in captivity as it has high mortality due to nutrition-related disorders, perhaps because the giraffe's condition is difficult to evaluate. Image analysis techniques have recently become popular and may be useful for evaluating the giraffe's somatotype. The present study aimed to evaluate the giraffe somatotype using a three-dimensional laser measurement device, and to examine the usefulness of this method.

Chiral separation of isoxanthohumol and 8-prenylnaringenin in beer, hop pellets and hops by HPLC with chiral columns.

Xanthohumol, isoxanthohumol, and 8-prenylnaringenin in beer, hop and hop pellet samples were analyzed by HPLC using an InertSustain phenyl column and the mobile phase containing 40% methanol and 12% 2-propanol. Fractions of isoxanthohumol and 8-prenylnaringenin obtained by the above HPLC were separately collected. Isoxanthohumol and 8-prenylnaringenin were enantioseparated by HPLC using a Chiralcel OD-H column with a mobile phase composed of hexane-ethanol (90:10, v/v) and a Chiralpak AD-RH column with a mobile phase composed of methanol-2-propanol-water (40:20:40, v/v/v), respectively.

Factors affecting the occurrence of enteritis in 10- to 12-month-old eastern grey kangaroos (Macropus giganteus).

Eastern grey kangaroos (Macropus giganteus) younger than 19 months at Kanazawa Zoological Gardens, Japan, frequently died of enteritis. The main cause of death was coccidiosis. This study aimed to reveal retrospectively the clinical features of enteritis and factors contributing to its high occurrence.

Molar eruption and identification of the eastern grey kangaroo (Macropus giganteus) at different ages.

To treat dental disorders and estimate age, it is important that veterinarians understand teeth eruption sequence for the animal in question. Few dental images of the eastern grey kangaroo have been published. In the present study, radiographic imagings of 29 kangaroos, ranging in age from 12 months to 10 years 9 months, was used to surveil the replacement of premolars and the eruption of molars.

Simultaneous determination of alcohols including diols and triols by HPLC with ultraviolet detection based on the formation of a copper(II) complex.

We developed a reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography method with ultraviolet detection using on-line complexation with Cu(II) ion for analysis of five alcohols including diols and triol (methanol, ethanol, 1,2-propanediol, 1,3-propanediol, and glycerol). The Cu(II) ion concentration in the mobile phase had a great influence on the peak areas of these alcohols, but not on their retention times. Column temperature (25-40°C) and pH of the mobile phase did not affect the separation of analytes.

New techniques to collect live Sarcoptes scabiei and evaluation of methods as alternative diagnostics for infection.

Sarcoptes scabiei is a widespread, highly contagious skin disease that affects many mammals including humans. The biological characteristics of S. scabiei remain unclear.

A new voluntary blood collection method for the Andean bear (Tremarctos ornatus) and Asiatic black bear (Ursus thibetanus).

Various training methods have been developed for animal husbandry and health care in zoos and one of these trainings is blood collection. One training method, recently widely used for blood collection in Ursidae, requires setting up a sleeve outside the cage and gives access to limited blood collection sites. A new voluntary blood collection method without a sleeve was applied to the Andean bear (Tremarctos ornatus) and Asiatic black bear (Ursus thibetanus) with access to various veins at the same time.