A national screening for the prevalence and profile of disability types among Egyptian children aged 6-12 years: a community-based population study.

Aim: This study aimed to determine the prevalence of disability domains among Egyptian children in the age group of 6-12 years as well as assess their socio-demographic, epidemiological, and perinatal predictors.

Methods: A national population-based cross-sectional household survey targeting 20,324 children from eight governorates was conducted. The screening questionnaire was derived from the WHO ten-question survey tool validated for the identification of disabilities.

Determinants of having severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 neutralizing antibodies in Egypt.

Background: Reported laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 cases underestimate the true burden of disease as cases without laboratory confirmation, and asymptomatic and mild cases are missed by local surveillance systems. Population-based seroprevalence studies can provide better estimates of burden of disease by taking into account infections that were missed by surveillance systems. Additionally, little is known about the determinants of seroconversion in community settings.

Follow Up of Value of the Intrarenal Resistivity Indices and Different Renal Biomarkers for Early Identification of Diabetic Nephropathy in Type 1 Diabetic Patients.

Aim: To evaluate intrarenal resistivity index (RI) and different biomarkers of diabetic nephropathy (DN) with clinical signs of DN and its progression over time as early detection of DN.

Patients And Methods: This longitudinal study included 48 type 1 diabetic patients who were studied at baseline and after three years. A blood sample was taken for assessment of glycosylated haemoglobin (HbA1), lipid profile and a urine sample was taken for assessment of albumin/creatinine ratio, Neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL), liver-type fatty acid binding protein (L-FABP) and kidney injury molecule-1 (Kim-1) at baseline and after three years.

Value of the intrarenal arterial resistivity indices and different renal biomarkers for early identification of diabetic nephropathy in type 1 diabetic patients.

Background: The aim of this study was to compare resistivity index (RI) in type 1 diabetic patients and normal controls and to evaluate whether high RI is associated with different biomarkers of diabetic nephropathy (DN) as early detection of DN offers the best chance of delaying or possibly preventing progression to end-stage renal disease.

Methods: The study included 62 type 1 diabetic patients and 30 healthy volunteers of the same age and sex. Blood samples were taken for assessment of glycosylated hemoglobin, lipid profile and urine samples were taken for assessment of albumin/creatinine ratio, neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL), liver-type fatty acid binding protein (L-FABP) and kidney injury molecule-1 (Kim-1).

Carotid intimal medial thickness and its relation to endothelial dysfunction and echocardiographic changes in adolescents with type 1 diabetes.

Aim: To assess carotid intimal medial thickness (cIMT) in adolescent type 1 diabetic patients and to detect its relation with echocardiographic changes and flow mediated dilatation (FMD) in the brachial artery.

Methods: The study included 62 type 1 diabetic patients and 30 healthy volunteer of the same age and sex. A blood sample was taken for analysis of glycosylated hemoglobin and lipid profile and a urine sample was taken for analysis of albumin/creatinine ratio.

Evaluation of fetuin-A and carotid intima-media thickness in adolescent type 1 diabetic patients.

Objective: To evaluate fetuin-A level and carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT) in adolescent type 1 diabetics.

Patients And Methods: The study included 62 type 1 diabetic patients and 30 healthy volunteers of the same age and sex. Blood sample was taken for assessment of glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1), lipid profile, and fetuin-A.

Assessment of human cartilage glycoprotein 39 (YKL-40), preptin, and nitric oxide in adolescent patients with type 1 diabetes and its relation to cardiorenal affection.

Aim: To evaluate new biomarkers such as YKL-40, preptin, and nitric oxide (NO) in patients with diabetes and to assess its relation to cardiorenal injury.

Patients And Methods: The study included 62 patients with type 1 diabetes and 30 healthy volunteers. Blood sample was taken for assessment of glycosylated hemoglobin, lipid profile, YKL-40, preptin, and NO.

Evaluation of the policy of secondary prevention against rheumatic fever among Egyptian children.

Objective: We evaluated the effectiveness of long acting penicillin (LAP) as a 2-weekly regimen in winter and a 3-weekly regimen in summer for prevention of streptococcal colonization and also studied the common complaints of patients during the period of compliance for LAP administration. We also attempted to determine the incidence of relapses or recurrence of rheumatic fever (RF) after the onset of first episode of RF.

Patients & Methods: 210 rheumatic patients with good compliance to LAP (for at least one year) were included in the study.

Assessment of hearing in children with type 1 diabetes mellitus.

Objective: To evaluate auditory function in a group of Egyptian type 1 diabetic children.

Methods: This was a cross sectional observational study, which included 40 patients with type 1 diabetes and 40 controls. HbA1, urinary albumin/creatinine ratio, and auditory assessments (including dizziness questionnaire, pure tone audiometry, speech audiometry, tympanometry, and auto-acoustic cochlear emission) were completed for all patients and controls.

Asymmetric dimethyl L-arginine, nitric oxide and cardiovascular disease in adolescent type 1 diabetics.

Objective: To evaluate asymmetric dimethyl L-arginine (ADMA), nitric oxide (NO) and cardiovascular disease in adolescent type 1 diabetics.

Methods: The study included 62 type 1 diabetic patients and 30 healthy volunteers of the same age and sex. Blood samples were taken for assessment of ADMA, NO, oxidized low density lipoprotein (OxLDL), glycosylated hemoglobin, and lipid profile.

Thyroid volumes and iodine status in Egyptian South Sinai schoolchildren.

Introduction: The determination of goitre prevalence in children by ultrasonography is an important tool for considering iodine deficiency disorders. Our objective was to describe measurements of thyroid volumes by ultrasonography in Egyptian South Sinai schoolchildren and compare these with the WHO/International Council for the Control of Iodine Deficiency Disorders normative thyroid volume criteria (WHO/ICCIDD).

Material And Methods: Cross-sectional thyroid ultrasonographic data of 719 schoolchildren (339 boys and 380 girls), aged 6-12 years from five cities in South Sinai (El Tur (T), Abu Redis (R), Ras Sudr (S), Saint Katherine (SK), and Nwebaa (N)).

Egyptian growth hormone deficient patients: demographic, auxological characterization and response to growth hormone therapy.

Objective: To study growth response to growth hormone (GH) treatment in growth hormone-deficient (GHD) patients.

Patients And Methods: In total, 477 GHD children were included in the study. Patients were followed up for a minimum of 1 year and up to 6 years, anthropometric assessment was performed every 3 months, while thyroid profile was followed every 6 months.

Predicting growth response among Egyptian prepubertal idiopathic isolated growth hormone deficient children.

Objective: To determine the predictors of growth response to growth hormone treatment in a group of isolated idiopathic growth hormone (GH).

Patients And Methods: 477 GH deficient (GHD) children with GH therapy were included in the study. Patients were followed up for a minimum of 1 year and up to 6 years.

Hypertension in type 1 diabetic patients-the influence of body composition and body mass index: an observational study.

Objective: To estimate the influence of body composition and body mass index on blood pressure in type 1 diabetic patients.

Methods: This cross-sectional, observational study included 45 type 1 diabetic patients and 30 age and sex matched healthy volunteers. Blood pressure, anthropometric measurements, and body composition by dual X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) were done for all patients and controls.

Bone density, body composition, and markers of bone remodeling in type 1 diabetic patients.

Objective: To assess bone mineral density (BMD), body composition by dual X-ray absorptiometry (DXA), and various biochemical markers of bone growth and resorption in a group of children with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM).

Patients And Methods: The study included 47 patients with T1DM and 30 age- and sex-matched controls. Anthropometric measurements, biochemical markers for bone formation, bone resorption and DXA were done for all patients and controls.

Natural progression of cardiac autonomic neuropathy in patients with type 1 diabetes: a four-year follow-up study.

Objective: To determine the prevalence and clinical characteristics of cardiac autonomic neuropathy in type 1 diabetic patients who were followed up for 4 years to shed further light on the natural progression of cardiac autonomic neuropathy.

Methods: It is a prospective cohort observational study, consisted of 57 patients who were originally studied using the standard tests proposed by Ewing and Clarke (1985). At two years follow up, 46 patients were reevaluated, 55 patients from the original study were reevaluated after another 2 years for the 3rd time using the same protocol.

Bone age is the best predictor of growth response to recombinant human growth hormone in Turner's syndrome.

Background And Objectives: Recombinant human growth hormone (rhGH) is approved for use in children with Turner's syndrome (TS) in most industrialized countries and is recommended in the recently issued guidelines. We determined the growth responses of girls who are treated with rhGH for TS, with an aim to identify the predictors of growth response.

Materials And Methods: Fifty-six prepubertal girls with TS, documented by peripheral blood karyotype, were enrolled.

Screening for coeliac disease among Egyptian children.

Introduction: To screen for coeliac disease in Egyptian children with non-endocrinal short stature, refractory iron deficiency anaemia and type 1 diabetes. Also, to evaluate the sensitivity and specificity of different serological tests for diagnosis of coeliac disease (CD).

Material And Methods: The study included 292 patients with clinical risk of CD.

Bone mineral density, bone turnover markers, lean mass, and fat mass in Egyptian children with congenital adrenal hyperplasia.

Introduction: Aim of this paper is to assess bone mineral density (BMD) and body composition, by dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA), and various markers of bone growth, in a group of children with congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) on long-term glucocorticoid therapy.

Material And Methods: A case-control study included thirty patients with CAH with different states of metabolic control. Their mean age was 7.

Screening of growth hormone deficiency in short thalassaemic patients and effect of L-carnitine treatment.

Introduction: Evaluation of growth hormone (GH) in short thalassaemic patients and effect of L-carnitine therapy in those with hormone deficiency.

Material And Methods: The study included 30 β-thalassaemic patients aged 13.8 ±1.

Assessment of puberty in relation to L-carnitine and hormonal replacement therapy in beta-thalassemic patients.

Objective: To investigate puberty in a group of thalassemic patients with delayed or arrested pubertal development and to compare the effects of hormonal and L-carnitine therapy on puberty in those patients.

Patients: Thirty-two -thalassemic patients with arrested or failure of puberty were enrolled for 1 year in this study.

Method: Clinical pubertal assessment and laboratory investigations were done for all patients at the beginning, 6 months later clinical pubertal assessment was done.

Prevalence of celiac disease, Helicobacter pylori and gastroesophageal reflux in patients with refractory iron deficiency anemia.

Objective: The aim of this article is to determine the prevalence of celiac disease (CD), Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) and gastroesophageal reflux (GER) in patients with resistant iron deficiency anemia (IDA).

Patients: The study included 25 patients <18 years of age with refractory IDA (not responding to iron therapy for 3 months in a dose of 6 mg elemental iron/kg/day).