Sonographic Evaluation for Endometriosis in Routine Pelvic Ultrasound.

Study Objective: To show how the evaluation for endometriosis can be included in the routine pelvic ultrasound examination.

Design: Stepwise narrated video demonstration of the sonographic evaluation for endometriosis in routine pelvic ultrasound following the recommended sonographic approach published in the 2016 consensus paper by the International Deep Endometriosis Analysis (IDEA) group [1].

Setting: Endometriosis is a common and often debilitating gynecological disorder that affects 5-10% of women [2].

The benefits of adding metformin to tamoxifen to protect the endometrium-A randomized placebo-controlled trial.

Background: We investigated whether metformin prevents tamoxifen-induced endometrial changes and insulin resistance (IR) after a diagnosis of breast cancer.

Methods: This was a single-centre, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel group trial. Postmenopausal women with hormone receptor-positive breast cancer taking tamoxifen were randomly allocated to metformin 850 mg or identical placebo, twice daily, for 52 weeks.

Early clinical experience of cell-free DNA-based aneuploidy screening: A survey of obstetric sonologists in Australia and New Zealand.

Background: Cell-free DNA-based non-invasive prenatal testing for aneuploidy (NIPT) is now established as the most accurate screening test for trisomy 21. This test became clinically available on a patient-funded basis in Australia and New Zealand in 2013.

Aim: To investigate the clinical implementation of NIPT use by members of the Australian Association of Obstetrical and Gynaecological Ultrasonologists (AAOGU) during its first year of local availability.

Can anyone screen for deep infiltrating endometriosis with transvaginal ultrasound?

Background: Surgical treatment of deep infiltrating endometriosis (DIE) is complex, and preoperative diagnosis benefits both surgeon and patient. Studies in expert centres have reported high accuracy for transvaginal ultrasound (TVUS) diagnosis of DIE. External validation of these findings has been limited, and no information is available on how quickly these skills can be acquired.

Ovarian status in healthy postmenopausal women: follow-up 12 months after transvaginal ultrasound.

Objective: We have previously reported on the point prevalence of ovarian lesions detected by transvaginal ultrasound (TVU) in 515 asymptomatic women at least 5 years postmenopause. The aims of this study were to report, in the same women, on the repeatability of visualization of the ovaries (TVU) and the natural history of ovarian lesions seen at baseline but not treated surgically and to assess whether any women developed new ovarian abnormalities 12 months later.

Methods: The study involved a cohort of 515 postmenopausal women recruited from the community, at least 5 years past their last period.

Ovarian status in healthy postmenopausal women.

Objective: There are currently no programs to assess ovarian health in postmenopausal women. The aim of this study was to describe the ovaries in healthy women at least 5 years after menopause by questionnaire, transvaginal ultrasonography, and blood ovarian cancer markers.

Design: A total of 515 women who were asymptomatic and at the Stages of Reproductive Aging Workshop +2 stage of menopause (>5 y postmenopause) were recruited by advertisement.

Ultrasound localisation of non-palpable Implanon.

Background: Localisation of the non-palpable Implanon is useful to confirm its presence or to assist the surgeon with its removal. Previous studies have suggested that almost all non-palpable Implanon implants can be located with ultrasound in phantoms.

Aim: To determine whether diagnostic ultrasound is a reliable method for localising non-palpable Implanon implant in-vivo.