The In Vivo Chondrotoxicity of Single Intra-articular Injection of Local Anesthetic in Rat Cartilage.

Introduction A constant infusion of local anesthetics through pain pumps has been shown to cause chondrolysis. However, there is no general consensus regarding the safety of a single intra-articular injection of local anesthetics. In this experimental study, we examined the rat cartilage for possible histological effects after a single intra-articular administration of lidocaine or ropivacaine.

A rare case of invasive micropapillary carcinoma of the breast.

Invasive micropapillary carcinoma (IMPC) is a rare, distinct histological subtype of breast carcinoma. While micropapillary histological architecture is found in up to 2-8% of all breast cancers, pure micropapillary carcinoma is infrequent and comprises 0.9-2% of breast carcinomas.

Micropapillary Breast Carcinoma: From Molecular Pathogenesis to Prognosis.

Invasive micropapillary carcinoma (IMPC) of the breast is an infrequent type of breast cancer often discussed for its potency for lymphovascular invasion and difficulty in accurate imaging estimation. Micropapillary carcinomas are noted to be present as larger tumors, of higher histological grade and a notably higher percentage of disease-positive lymph nodes. Hormonal and HER-2 positivity in IMPC is also commoner when compared to other NST carcinomas.