Molecular Markers of Occult Lymph Node Metastasis in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma (HNSCC) Patients.

The accurate diagnosis of regional lymph node metastasis is critical for guiding treatment decisions in head and neck cancer patients. Despite advances in imaging techniques, detecting nodal metastasis using radiology remains challenging, leading to potential undertreatment or overtreatment. This review aims to identify molecular markers associated with occult metastasis in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) patients.

Endolymphatic Sac Tumor. Post-Radiosurgery Evaluation Using Time-Resolved Imaging of Contrast Kinetics MR Angiography.

Endolymphatic sac tumor (ELST) is a rare, aggressive hypervascular tumor of the posterior petrous bone. These tumors can manifest independently or in conjunction with Von Hippel-Lindau (VHL) syndrome. Currently, the primary treatment strategy involves complete surgical excision, though the role of radiotherapy remains debated.