Phenotypic characterization and candidate gene analysis of a short kernel and brassinosteroid insensitive mutant from hexaploid oat ().

In an ethyl methanesulfonate oat () mutant population we have found a mutant with striking differences to the wild-type (WT) cv. Belinda. We phenotyped the mutant and compared it to the WT.

Acyltransferases Regulate Oil Quality in Through Both Acyl Donor and Acyl Acceptor Specificities.

is an emerging biotechnology oil crop. However, more information is needed regarding its innate lipid enzyme specificities. We have therefore characterized several triacylglycerol (TAG) producing enzymes by measuring substrate specificities using different combinations of acyl-acceptors (diacylglycerol, DAG) and donors.

Transcriptional stimulation of rate-limiting components of the autophagic pathway improves plant fitness.

Autophagy is a major catabolic process whereby autophagosomes deliver cytoplasmic content to the lytic compartment for recycling. Autophagosome formation requires two ubiquitin-like systems conjugating Atg12 with Atg5, and Atg8 with lipid phosphatidylethanolamine (PE), respectively. Genetic suppression of these systems causes autophagy-deficient phenotypes with reduced fitness and longevity.

Two Acyltransferases Contribute Differently to Linolenic Acid Levels in Seed Oil.

Acyltransferases are key contributors to triacylglycerol (TAG) synthesis and, thus, are of great importance for seed oil quality. The effects of increased or decreased expression of () or () on seed lipid composition were assessed in several lines. Furthermore, in vitro assays of acyltransferases in microsomal fractions prepared from developing seeds of some of these lines were performed.

Nannochloropsis, a rich source of diacylglycerol acyltransferases for engineering of triacylglycerol content in different hosts.

Background: Photosynthetic microalgae are considered a viable and sustainable resource for biofuel feedstocks, because they can produce higher biomass per land area than plants and can be grown on non-arable land. Among many microalgae considered for biofuel production, (CCMP1779) is particularly promising, because following nutrient deprivation it produces very high amounts of triacylglycerols (TAG). The committed step in TAG synthesis is catalyzed by acyl-CoA:diacylglycerol acyltransferase (DGAT).

Tuning the pH-shift protein-isolation method for maximum hemoglobin-removal from blood rich fish muscle.

A main challenge preventing optimal use of protein isolated from unconventional raw materials (e.g., small pelagic fish and fish by-products) using the pH-shift method is the difficulty to remove enough heme-pigments.

Effect of alkaline pH-shift processing on in vitro gastrointestinal digestion of herring (Clupea harengus) fillets.

The effect of alkaline pH-shift processing on herring (Clupea harengus) protein oxidation, salt solubility and digestibility, has been evaluated. For the latter, herring mince and pH-shift produced herring protein isolate, both raw and heat-treated, were digested using a static gastrointestinal in vitro model. The pH-shift process resulted in drastically lowered protein salt solubility and increased lipid oxidation while protein carbonyl formation was unaffected.

Changes in salt solubility and microstructure of proteins from herring (Clupea harengus) after pH-shift processing.

Salt solubility of pH-shift isolated herring (Clupea harengus) muscle proteins was studied in relation to pH exposure and microstructure using transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Using protein solubilization at pH 11.2 with subsequent precipitation at pH 5.

Dietary herring improves plasma lipid profiles and reduces atherosclerosis in obese low-density lipoprotein receptor-deficient mice.

Diet is a significant modifiable risk factor for cardiovascular disease and high fish intake has been associated with vascular health in population studies. However, intervention studies have been inconclusive. In this study, male low-density lipoprotein receptor-deficient mice were given 16-week high fat/high sucrose diets, supplemented with either minced herring fillets or minced beef.

Protein isolation from gutted herring (Clupea harengus) using pH-shift processes.

Herring ( Clupea harengus ) and other pelagic fish species are mainly used for fish meal and oil production and not for human consumption. In this study, acid pH-shift processing and alkaline pH-shift processing were used to isolate proteins from whole gutted herring with the aim to investigate the potential use of herring proteins as a food ingredient. The acid and alkaline processes gave rise to similar protein yields, 59.

Removal of lipids, dioxins, and polychlorinated biphenyls during production of protein isolates from baltic herring ( Clupea harengus ) using pH-shift processes.

Dioxins and PCBs are toxic, lipophilic, and persistent substances that impose a serious health threat. A major risk of exposure to these toxic substances is consumption of fish from polluted waters, such as the Baltic Sea. The aim of this study was to investigate if pH-shift processing of Baltic herring with elevated toxicity levels could be used to produce a protein isolate with low fat content and, thereby, reduced dioxin and PCB levels.