Critical points in understanding the Italian version of the IIEF 5 questionnaire.

Purpose: The aim of these study is to assess the understanding of the Italian version of the IIEF-5 questionnaire (International Index of Erectile Function) and the impact of patient's demographic and clinical characteristics on it.

Materials And Methods: Each patient was asked to self complete the Italian version of the IIEF-5 questionnaire and to self report demographic information and any difficulties to complete the questionnaire and which question was considered more difficult to understand.

Results: A total of 89 patients were included in this study.

Efficacy of sacral neuromodulation on urological diseases: a multicentric research project.

Introduction And Aim Of The Study: Sacral neuromodulation has been used as a safe, effective treatment option for patients with lower urinary tract dysfunction (LUTD). Several clinical studies demonstrated its positive effects on refractory urge incontinence, non-osbstructive urinary retention, urgency frequency syndrome, as well as on other non- urological disorders, such as fecal incontinence and chronic constipation. The aim of this research project was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of sacral neuromodulation on the management of LUTD refractory to the standardized first line treatment options.