IMplementing best practice post-partum contraceptive services through a quality imPROVEment initiative for and with immigrant women in Sweden (IMPROVE it): a protocol for a cluster randomised control trial with a process evaluation.

Background: Immigrant women's challenges in realizing sexual and reproductive health and rights (SRHR) are exacerbated by the lack of knowledge regarding how to tailor post-partum contraceptive services to their needs. Therefore, the overall aim of the IMPROVE-it project is to promote equity in SRHR through improvement of contraceptive services with and for immigrant women, and, thus, to strengthen women's possibility to choose and initiate effective contraceptive methods post-partum.

Methods: This Quality Improvement Collaborative (QIC) on contraceptive services and use will combine a cluster randomized controlled trial (cRCT) with a process evaluation.

Caesarean section rate in Nigeria between 2013 and 2018 by obstetric risk and socio-economic status.

Objectives: Caesarean section (CS) can be life-saving for both mother and child, but in Nigeria the CS rate remains low, at 2.7% of births. We aimed to estimate the rate of CS and early neonatal mortality in Nigeria according to obstetric risk and socio-economic background and to identify factors associated with CS.

Maternal caffeine intake during pregnancy and child neurodevelopment up to eight years of age-Results from the Norwegian Mother, Father and Child Cohort Study.

Purpose: Current knowledge of the effect of prenatal caffeine exposure on the child's neurodevelopment is contradictory. The current study aimed to study whether caffeine intake during pregnancy was associated with impaired child neurodevelopment up to 8 years of age.

Method: A total of 64,189 full term pregnancies from the Norwegian Mother, Father and Child Cohort Study were included.

Declining Estimated Glomerular Filtration Rate and Its Association with Mortality and Comorbidity Over 10 Years in Elderly Women.

Background/aims: Renal function deteriorates with age, but a few studies have addressed this longitudinally in elderly women. Our objective was, using 5 estimated glomerular filtration rates (eGFR)-equations, to evaluate changes in renal function and association with adverse outcomes for a decade in 75-year-old women.

Methods: Plasma creatinine was measured at ages 75 (n = 1,011), 78 (n = 827), 80 (n = 689) and 85 (n = 363).