Symptomatic Giant Primary Nonparasitic Splenic Cyst Treated with Laparoscopic Decapsulation: A Case Report and Literature Review.

BACKGROUND Primary nonparasitic splenic cysts (PNSC) are unusual epithelial fluid lesions of the spleen. They are considered congenital cysts and are often discovered incidentally in young people. Larger cysts can be symptomatic and are traditionally managed with splenectomy.

A case report of emphysematous pyelonephritis as a first presentation of diabetes mellitus.

Emphysematous Pyelonephritis (EPN) is an acute suppurative Infection of the kidney. It is an uncommon infection, occurs mostly in patients with diabetes and a predilection for females. It has a high fatality rate; therefore, aggressive medical, early intervention or surgical approach is recommended.