Mitochondrial DNA Mutations as a Factor in the Heritability of Atherosclerosis and Other Diseases.

This review discusses the possibility of inheritance of some diseases through mutations in mitochondrial DNA. These are examples of many mitochondrial diseases that can be caused by mutations in mitochondrial DNA. Symptoms and severity can vary widely depending on the specific mutation and affected tissues.

Features of Gene Regulation in Violation of the Inflammatory Response of Monocyte-like Cells Bearing Mitochondrial Mutations Associated with Atherosclerosis.

Unlabelled: Аims: This research aimed to study the features of gene regulation of the inflammatory response in cells carrying mitochondrial mutations associated with atherosclerosis.

Background: Inflammation plays an important, if not decisive, role in the occurrence of atherosclerotic lesions and then accompanies it throughout its further development. Thus, atherogenesis is a chronic inflammatory process.

Use of Olives-derived Phytochemicals for Prevention and Treatment of Atherosclerosis: An Update.

Mediterranean diet is frequently associated with longevity and a lower incidence of adverse cardiovascular events because of the biological activities and health effects of olives - its key component. Olive oil, olive leaf extract, fruits and different by-products contain many bioactive components that exert anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic activities. In this review, we focus on the recent studies exploring molecular mechanisms underlying the cardioprotective properties of different olive oils, olive leave extracts, and specific micro-constituents (such as oleuropein, tyrosol, hydroxytyrosol and others) on rodent models and in clinical trials on human subjects.

Mouse Model of Low-density Lipoprotein Desialylation In Vivo.

Background: Atherosclerosis is a chronic disease characterized by the increased infiltration and retention of LDL particles in arterial walls. There are several mechanisms underlying atherogenesis, with the pro-atherogenic modifications of LDL playing a significant role. One such modification of native LDL is desialylation, which is characterized by the removal of terminal sialic acid from ApoB-100 glycans that induces critical changes in the overall functionality of the LDL particle.

Exosomes in Atherosclerosis: Role in the Pathogenesis and Targets for Therapy.

Atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) is an advanced chronic inflammatory disease and the leading cause of death worldwide. The pathological development of ASCVD begins with atherosclerosis, characterised by a pathological remodelling of the arterial wall, lipid accumulation and build-up of atheromatous plaque. As the disease advances, it narrows the vascular lumen and limits the blood, leading to ischaemic necrosis in coronary arteries.

Defective Mitophagy Impairs Response to Inflammatory Activation of Macrophage-Like Cells.

Background And Aims: The role of mitophagy in atherosclerosis has been extensively studied during the last few years. It was shown that mitophagy is involved in the regulation of macrophages, which are important players as immune cells in atherosclerosis development. In this study, we investigated the relationship between mitophagy and response to inflammatory stimulation of macrophage-like cells.

Evidence for the Involvement of Gene Regulation of Inflammatory Molecules in the Accumulation of Intracellular Cholesterol: The Mechanism of Foam Cell Formation in Atherosclerosis.

Background: The relationship between the cellular pro-inflammatory response and intracellular lipid accumulation in atherosclerosis is not sufficiently studied. Transcriptomic analysis is one way to establish such a relationship. Previously, we identified 10 potential key genes (IL-15, CXCL8, PERK, IL-7, IL-7R, DUSP1, TIGIT, F2RL1, TSPYL2, and ANXA1) involved in cholesterol accumulation in macrophages.

Lipids and Lipoproteins in Atherosclerosis.

Atherosclerosis is a chronic inflammatory disease [...

The Role of Mitochondrial Mutations in Chronification of Inflammation: Hypothesis and Overview of Own Data.

Chronic human diseases, especially age-related disorders, are often associated with chronic inflammation. It is currently not entirely clear what factors are responsible for the sterile inflammatory process becoming chronic in affected tissues. This process implies impairment of the normal resolution of the inflammatory response, when pro-inflammatory cytokine production ceases and tissue repair process begins.

Atheroprotective Effects of L.

Cardiovascular diseases associated with atherosclerosis are the major cause of death in developed countries. Early prevention and treatment of atherosclerosis are considered to be an important aspect of the therapy of cardiovascular disease. Preparations based on natural products affect the main pathogenetic steps of atherogenesis, and so represent a perspective for the long-term prevention of atherosclerosis development.

Cysteine-rich protein 2 deficiency attenuates angiotensin II-induced abdominal aortic aneurysm formation in mice.

Background: Abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) is a relatively common and often fatal condition. A major histopathological hallmark of AAA is the severe degeneration of aortic media with loss of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs), which are the main source of extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins. VSMCs and ECM homeostasis are essential in maintaining structural integrity of the aorta.

Lipids and Lipoproteins in Health and Disease.

This Special Issue, "Lipids and Lipoproteins in Health and Disease: Focus on Targeting Atherosclerosis", contains research articles and reviews devoted to the study of lipids in different processes, with a focus on the pathological changes that happen during atherosclerosis [...

Molecular Pathogenesis and the Possible Role of Mitochondrial Heteroplasmy in Thoracic Aortic Aneurysm.

Thoracic aortic aneurysm (TAA) is a life-threatening condition associated with high mortality, in which the aortic wall is deformed due to congenital or age-associated pathological changes. The mechanisms of TAA development remain to be studied in detail, and are the subject of active research. In this review, we describe the morphological changes of the aortic wall in TAA.

Pathophysiological Aspects of the Development of Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm with a Special Focus on Mitochondrial Dysfunction and Genetic Associations.

Abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) is a complex degenerative vascular disease, with considerable morbidity and mortality rates among the elderly population. The mortality of AAA is related to aneurysm expansion (the enlargement of the aortic diameter up to 30 mm and above) and the subsequent rupture. The pathogenesis of AAA involves several biological processes, including aortic mural inflammation, oxidative stress, vascular smooth muscle cell apoptosis, elastin depletion, and degradation of the extracellular matrix.

Immunopathology of Atherosclerosis and Related Diseases: Focus on Molecular Biology.

In this Special Issue of the , we include insightful reviews and research papers on the subject "Immunopathology of Atherosclerosis and Related Diseases: Focus on Molecular Biology".[..

An original biomarker for the risk of developing cardiovascular diseases and their complications: Telomere length.

Aim: The aim of this work was to study the effect of telomere length in the chromosomes of nuclear blood cells in individuals with coronary heart disease (CHD) on the development of cardiovascular complications (CVC).

Materials And Methods: DNA was isolated from nuclear blood cells of 498 study participants. The telomere length was determined by real-time polymerase chain reaction.

Thoracic Aortic Aneurysm: Blood Pressure and Inflammation as Key Factors in the Development of Aneurysm Dissection.

Aortic aneurism development is dependent on internal and external etiological factors that define the width of the therapeutic window available for the treatment of patients with such diagnosis. In this review, we provide a detailed overview of the most prominent of these factors. In particular, we discuss the input of elevated blood pressure to the remodeling of the aortic wall, describe the mechanisms of inflammatory remodeling of the aorta, and evaluate the cross-interaction of blood pressure, inflammation and immunity during the pathology development.

Some Molecular and Cellular Stress Mechanisms Associated with Neurodegenerative Diseases and Atherosclerosis.

Chronic stress is a combination of nonspecific adaptive reactions of the body to the influence of various adverse stress factors which disrupt its homeostasis, and it is also a corresponding state of the organism's nervous system (or the body in general). We hypothesized that chronic stress may be one of the causes occurence of several molecular and cellular types of stress. We analyzed literary sources and considered most of these types of stress in our review article.

Therapeutic Potential of Heme Oxygenase-1 in Aneurysmal Diseases.

Abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) and intracranial aneurysm (IA) are serious arterial diseases in the aorta and brain, respectively. AAA and IA are associated with old age in males and females, respectively, and if rupture occurs, they carry high morbidity and mortality. Aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) due to IA rupture has a high rate of complication and fatality.