Antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory properties of α-D-mannan from the yeast Kluyveromyces marxianus: evidence for a role in interleukin-6 inhibition.

The management of inflammatory states typically involves non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and opiates. Understanding the mechanisms underlying the processing of nociceptive information from potential alternatives such as some polysaccharides may enable new and meaningful therapeutic approaches. In this study, α-D-mannan isolated from the Kluyveromyces marxianus cell wall produced antinociceptive effects in models of inflammatory pain (formalin and complete Freund's adjuvant tests).

Ru(II) based dual nitric oxide donors: electrochemical and photochemical reactivities and vasorelaxant effect with no cytotoxicity.

The synthesized complexes, -[Ru(NO)(NO)(phen)](PF) (NONO2P) and -[Ru(NO)(NO)(bpy)](PF) (NONO2B), were characterized by using elemental analysis, voltammetry and electronic and vibrational spectroscopy. Under electrochemical and photochemical stimulation in an aqueous medium, there are indications of the formation of complexes, which suggests that the nitro and nitrosyl groups are converted into nitric oxide. Both compounds do not show cytotoxic activity against human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs).

The impact of leucine supplementation on body composition and glucose tolerance following energy restriction: an 8-week RCT in adults at risk of the metabolic syndrome.

Background: L-Leucine (Leu) supplementation may benefit fat-free mass (FFM) per se and glucose metabolism.

Objectives: To determine whether Leu supplementation during energy restriction blunted the loss of FFM, enhanced the loss of fat mass (FM) and improved glucose tolerance.

Design: Thirty-seven adults, aged 20-65 years, with increased waist circumference and at least one other metabolic syndrome (MetS) component, were selected.

Detection of Brain Metastases by Contrast-Enhanced MRI: Comparison of Gadopiclenol and Gadobenate in a Mouse Model.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate the capacity of gadopiclenol, a high-relaxivity gadolinium-based contrast agent to detect brain metastases in mice as a function of dose (0.08 mmol/kg or 0.1 mmol/kg) compared with gadobenate at 0.

Sleep parameters in patients with chronic hypersensitivity pneumonitis: a case-control study.

Objective: To compare patients with chronic hypersensitivity pneumonitis (cHP) and controls with normal spirometry in terms of their sleep characteristics, as well as to establish the prevalence of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and nocturnal hypoxemia. Secondary objectives were to identify factors associated with OSA and nocturnal hypoxemia; to correlate nocturnal hypoxemia with the apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) and lung function, as well as with resting SpO2, awake SpO2, and SpO2 during exercise; and to evaluate the discriminatory power of sleep questionnaires to predict OSA.

Methods: A total of 40 patients with cHP (cases) were matched for sex, age, and BMI with 80 controls, the ratio of controls to cases therefore being = 2:1.

Exploring the potential of Eu and Mn activated LaAlO phosphors as red and far-red emitters for horticulture lighting.

The development of efficient red and far-red emitters, for efficient plant absorption in the Photosynthetically Active Radiation (PAR) region, holds significance in contemporary plant growth control. This study focuses on the synthesis and characterization of LaAlO as a host material, doped with Eu and Mn ions, using a solid-state reaction method. The investigation encompasses the creation and analysis of both single-doped and co-doped samples, employing techniques including X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopy.

Turbidity buffers coral bleaching under extreme wind and rainfall conditions.

Coral reefs in turbid waters have been hypothesized to be a refuge from climate change. These naturally occurring communities were brought into the spotlight because some of their species exhibited record levels of resistance to marine heatwaves (MHWs) by disturbance-tolerant corals. However, long-term monitoring data on the drivers of coral bleaching in these extreme reef habitats are scarce.

Meso- and microplastic composition, distribution patterns and drivers: A snapshot of plastic pollution on Brazilian beaches.

Pollution by plastics is a worldwide problem on par with climatic change and biological invasions. In coastal sediments, plastic particles tend to accumulate and persist over the long term. We assessed the plastic pollution using a standardized surface sediment sampling protocol on 22 sandy beaches along >4600 km of the Brazilian coast.

European value-based healthcare benchmarking: moving from theory to practice.

Background: Value-based healthcare (VBHC) is a conceptual framework to improve the value of healthcare by health, care-process and economic outcomes. Benchmarking should provide useful information to identify best practices and therefore a good instrument to improve quality across healthcare organizations. This paper aims to provide a proof-of-concept of the feasibility of an international VBHC benchmarking in breast cancer, with the ultimate aim of being used to share best practices with a data-driven approach among healthcare organizations from different health systems.

TAF7L REGULATES EARLY STAGES OF MALE GERM CELL DEVELOPMENT.

Male germ cell development is dependent on the orchestrated regulation of gene networks. TATA-box binding protein associated factors () facilitate interactions of TATA-binding protein with the TATA element, which is known to coordinate gene transcription during organogenesis. TAF7 like () is situated on the X chromosome and has been implicated in testis development.

The Impact of Social Isolation and Environmental Deprivation on Blood Pressure and Depression-Like Behavior in Young Male and Female Mice.

Social isolation (SI) and loneliness are major adult and adolescent health concerns, particularly in the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) era. Recent prospective cohort studies indicate that older women who experienced both SI and loneliness had a significantly higher risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD). Hypertension, a well-established risk factor for CVD, is more prevalent in elderly women than men.

Herbicides may threaten advances in biological control of diseases and pests.

Advances in agriculture include integrated methods of controlling pests, diseases, and weeds with biocontrollers, which are constantly increasing, along with herbicides. The objective is to present a systematic review of the main reports of herbicide effects on non-target organisms used in applied biological control and those naturally occurring in the ecosystems controlling pests. The categories were divided into predatory and parasitoid arthropods.

Tar balls as a floating substrate for long-distance species dispersal.

Recent arrivals of tar balls have been observed in several tropical beaches associated with the oceanic circulation that flows to the Brazilian continental shelf. Between August and September 2022, tar balls were collected in the northeastern coast of Brazil and analyzed. Nearly 90 % of the oils were colonized by barnacles, polychaetes, decapods, and algae.

The Association Between Prepandemic ICU Performance and Mortality Variation in COVID-19: A Multicenter Cohort Study of 35,619 Critically Ill Patients.

Background: During the COVID-19 pandemic, ICUs remained under stress and observed elevated mortality rates and high variations of outcomes. A knowledge gap exists regarding whether an ICU performing best during nonpandemic times would still perform better when under high pressure compared with the least performing ICUs.

Research Question: Does prepandemic ICU performance explain the risk-adjusted mortality variability for critically ill patients with COVID-19?

Study Design And Methods: This study examined a cohort of adults with real-time polymerase chain reaction-confirmed COVID-19 admitted to 156 ICUs in 35 hospitals from February 16, 2020, through December 31, 2021, in Brazil.

Therapeutic Potential of Natural Products in the Treatment of .

It is estimated that 250 million people worldwide are affected by schistosomiasis. Disease transmission is related to the poor sanitation and hygiene habits that affect residents of impoverished regions in tropical and subtropical countries. The main species responsible for causing disease in humans are , , and , each with different geographic distributions.

Leisure time physical activity among older adults in Brazil: a time series analysis of a population-based survey (2009-2020).

The practice of leisure time physical activity brings several health benefits, such as the prevention of noncommunicable diseases. Investigating the temporal trend of physical activity practice in older adults by sociodemographic characteristics and geographical regions could be important to plan public health policies and effective interventions. This is a time series study that analyzes the temporal trend of leisure time physical activity among Brazilian older adults with data from 2009 to 2020.

Eyes on the Prize: Decoding the Ophthalmic Product Regulations and Intricacies of the U.S. Food and Drug Administration Approval.

The dynamic and continuously evolving field of ophthalmology necessitates rigorous regulatory oversight in the United States. This review outlines the multifaceted Food and Drug Administration's (FDA) approval process for ophthalmic products, detailing the classifications, pathways, and regulatory compliance for devices, drugs, biologics, and combination products. Particular emphasis is placed on distinct frameworks for Class I, II, and III devices, as well as regulations for drugs, biologics, and combination products.

Perinatal Renal Vein Thrombosis: Role of Imaging in the Initial Diagnosis.

Unlabelled: We report the case of a neonate who presented with a left abdominal flank mass and hemodynamic instability signs, with the final diagnosis of left renal vein thrombosis complicated with inferior vena cava thrombosis and perirenal hematoma. We illustrate the importance of an early imaging approach with ultrasound and Doppler evaluation to finally diagnose perinatal renal vein thrombosis and its complications.

Teaching Point: An early imaging approach with ultrasound and Doppler evaluation is fundamental to finally diagnose perinatal renal vein thrombosis and its complications.

, a New Neotropical Jackal Fly Genus of Milichiidae (Insecta: Diptera) Associated with Carton Ant Nest.

metallica gen. et sp. nov.

Intraspecific and interspecific interaction and fitness cost of stink bugs Euschistus heros, Diceraeus melacanthus, and Piezodorus guildinii in soybean.

Background: The most common pentatomid species in soybean crops are Euschistus heros (F.), Piezodorus guildinii (W.), and Diceraeus melacanthus (D.

Bioactive compounds from Vellozia pyrantha A.A.Conc: A metabolomics and multivariate statistical analysis approach.

The chemical composition of V. pyrantha resin (VpR) and fractions (VpFr1-7 and VpWS) were assessed by LC-MS and NMR. Twenty-eight metabolites were identified, including 16 diterpenoids, seven nor-diterpenoids, one fatty acid, one bis-diterpenoid, one steroid, one flavonoid, and one triterpenoid.

DNA methylation-based depiction of the immune microenvironment and immune-associated long non-coding RNAs in oral cavity squamous cell carcinomas.

Oral cavity squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is a complex and dynamic disease characterized by clinicopathological and molecular heterogeneity. Spatial and temporal heterogeneity of cell subpopulations has been associated with cancer progression and implicated in the prognosis and therapy response. Emerging evidence indicates that aberrant epigenetic profiles in OSCC may foster an immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment by modulating the expression of immune-related long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs).