Prevalence of CTX-M types among ESBL-producing pathogenic isolates from foodborne diarrheal patients in Gyeonggi-do, South Korea.

Unlabelled: Prevalence and characteristics of extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)-producing pathogenic from foodborne diarrheal patients were studied. Analysis of 495 isolates revealed that 80 isolates were ESBL-producing pathogenic , and enteroaggregative and enterotoxigenic were two of the most prevalent pathotypes. In silico Clermont phylo-typing of the 80 ESBL-producing showed that phylogroup A (49/80) and D (22/80) were the predominant phylogroups.

Discovery of novel arylpyridine derivatives for motile ciliogenesis.

Motile cilia are crucial for maintaining healthy bodily functions by facilitating fluid transport and removing foreign substances or debris from the body. The dysfunction of motile cilia leads to ciliopathy. In particular, damage to the motile cilia of the airways can cause or worsen respiratory disease, making it an attractive target for therapeutic interventions.

Photodynamic treatment increases the lifespan and oxidative stress resistance of Caenorhabditis elegans.

Photodynamic therapy is a noninvasive treatment in which specific photosensitizers and light are used to produce high amounts of reactive oxygen species (ROS), which can be employed for targeted tissue destruction in cancer treatment or antimicrobial therapy. However, it remains unknown whether lower amounts of ROS produced by mild photodynamic therapy increase lifespan and stress resistance at the organism level. Here, we introduce a novel photodynamic treatment (PDTr) that uses 20 μM hypericin, a photosensitizer that originates from Hypericum perforatum, and orange light (590 nm, 5.

Genome-informed investigation of the molecular evolution and genetic reassortment of severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus.

Background: Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus (SFTSV) is a viral pathogen causing significant clinical signs from mild fever with thrombocytopenia to severe hemorrhages. World Health Organization has paid special attention to the dramatic increase in human SFTS cases in China, Japan, and South Korea since the 2010s. The present study investigated the molecular evolution and genetic reassortment of SFTSVs using complete genomic sequences.

The effect of intranasal dexmedetomidine administration on emergence agitation or delirium in pediatric patients after general anesthesia: A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

Background: Emergence agitation or delirium can occur in pediatric patients after anesthesia. Dexmedetomidine is known to reduce the impairment of postoperative cognitive function.

Aims: This study aimed to identify the role of intranasal administration of dexmedetomidine in lowering the development of emergence agitation or emergence delirium in pediatric patients after general anesthesia.

Performance evaluation of newly developed surrogate virus neutralization tests for detecting neutralizing antibodies against SARS-CoV-2.

We evaluated newly developed surrogate virus neutralization tests (sVNT) for detecting neutralizing antibodies (NAbs) against the receptor binding domain of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). VERI-Q SARS-CoV-2 Neutralizing Antibody Detection ELISA Kit (MiCo BioMed, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea, hereafter, "eCoV-CN") is an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay-based sVNT, and VERI-Q SARS-CoV-2 Neutralizing Antibody Rapid Test Kit (MiCo BioMed, hereafter, "rCoV-RN") is a point-of-care lateral-flow immunochromatography test with auto-scanner. A total of 411 serum samples were evaluated.

Intraoperative 5-HT receptor antagonists decrease the prevalence of postoperative delirium in older adults undergoing hip fracture surgery: a single-center retrospective study.

Purpose: Postoperative delirium (POD) occurs commonly in older adults, resulting in unfavorable outcomes. Several recent clinical studies have suggested that 5-hydroxytryptamine 3 (5-HT) receptor antagonists can treat and prevent POD. In this retrospective study, the association between 5-HT receptor antagonists and POD was investigated in older adults who underwent hip fracture surgery.

Discovery and characterization of a new genotype of serovar Bareilly isolated from diarrhea patients of food-borne outbreaks.

Since the first food-borne outbreak of serovar Bareilly in the UK (2010), it has been recognized as a new type of food-borne pathogen in To detect and characterize this new serovar pathogen in South Korea, a total of 175 strains was isolated and 31 isolates were identified as Bareilly from various food-borne outbreaks between 2014 and 2018. While pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) analysis using I revealed two major groups (A and B) each with two subgroups (A1, A2/B1, B2), average nucleotide identity (ANI), single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP), and multilocus sequence typing (MLST) analyses confirmed only two major groups. Interestingly, extended SNP analysis with 67 Bareilly strains from outbreaks in other countries revealed that A group strains between 2014 and 2016 shared a close evolutionary relationship with the strains from outside of South Korea; however, the B group strains in 2018 were located in a separate SNP tree branch.

Multidimensional Early Prediction Score for Drug-Resistant Epilepsy.

Background And Purpose: Achieving favorable postoperative outcomes in patients with drug-resistant epilepsy (DRE) requires early referrals for preoperative examinations. The purpose of this study was to investigate the possibility of a user-friendly early DRE prediction model that is easy for nonexperts to utilize.

Methods: A two-step genotype analysis was performed, by applying 1) whole-exome sequencing (WES) to the initial test set (=243) and 2) target sequencing to the validation set (=311).

Near-Infrared Fluorescence Probe for Specific Detection of Acetylcholinesterase and Imaging in Live Cells and Zebrafish.

Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) is a pivotal enzyme that is closely related with multiple neurological diseases, such as brain disorders or alterations in the neurotransmission and cancer. The development of convenient methods for imaging AChE activity in biological samples is very important to understand its mechanisms and functions in a living system. Herein, a fluorescent probe exhibiting emission in the near-infrared (NIR) region is developed to detect AChE and visualize biological AChE activities.

A novel in-frame GFAP p.E138_L148del mutation in Type II Alexander disease with atypical phenotypes.

Alexander disease (AxD) is a neurodegenerative astrogliopathy caused by mutation in the glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) gene. A 42-year-old Korean man presented with temporary gait disturbance and psychiatric regression after a minor head trauma in the absence of bulbar symptoms and signs. Magnetic resonance images of the brain and spinal cord showed significant atrophy of the medulla oblongata and the entire spinal cord as well as contrast-enhanced T2 hypointensity in the basal ganglia.

Dynamics of Viral Shedding and Symptoms in Patients with Asymptomatic or Mild COVID-19.

We conducted a prospective cohort study at a community facility designated for the isolation of individuals with asymptomatic or mild COVID-19 between 10 January and 22 February 2021 to investigate the relationship of viral shedding with symptom changes of COVID-19. In total, 89 COVID-19 adult patients (12 asymptomatic, 16 presymptomatic, 61 symptomatic) were enrolled. Symptom scores, the genomic RNA and subgenomic RNA of SARS-CoV-2 from saliva samples with a cell culture were measured.

A Golgi Apparatus-Targeting, Naphthalimide-Based Fluorescent Molecular Probe for the Selective Sensing of Formaldehyde.

Formaldehyde (FA) is a colorless, flammable, foul-smelling chemical used in building materials and in the production of numerous household chemical goods. Herein, a fluorescent chemosensor for FA is designed and prepared using a selective organ-targeting probe containing naphthalimide as a fluorophore and hydrazine as a FA-binding site. The amine group of the hydrazine reacts with FA to form a double bond and this condensation reaction is accompanied by a shift in the absorption band of the probe from 438 nm to 443 nm upon the addition of FA.

Presence of plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance (PMQR) genes in non-typhoidal Salmonella strains with reduced susceptibility to fluoroquinolones isolated from human salmonellosis in Gyeonggi-do, South Korea from 2016 to 2019.

Non-typhoidal salmonellosis remains a pressing public health problem worldwide. Quinolones, particularly fluoroquinolones, are widely used to treat various infections, including non-typhoidal salmonellosis, which can be a serious illness. The emergence of fluoroquinolone-resistant Salmonella has resulted in treatment failure and high mortality rates.

Palladium Probe Consisting of Naphthalimide and Ethylenediamine for Selective Turn-On Sensing of CO and Cell Imaging.

An assay to detect carbon monoxide (CO), one of the gaseous signaling molecules, has been prepared using a new palladium complex probe. The ethylenediamine group linked to the naphthalimide fluorophore coordinates to Pd(II) which intramolecularly quenches the emission. Upon treatment with CO, the absorbance of the turn-on fluorescent sensor changes due to the formation of a complex between Pd(II) and CO at room temperature in a phosphate buffer.

A cancer cell-specific benzoxadiazole-based fluorescent probe for hydrogen sulfide detection in mitochondria.

The present work describes the design and biological applications of a novel colorimetric and fluorescence turn-on probe for hydrosulfide detection. The probe was designed to introduce hemicyanine as the fluorescent skeleton and 7-nitro-1,2,3-benzoxadiazole as the recognition site. The optical properties and responses of the probe towards HS, anions and some biothiols indicate an impressively high selectivity of the probe towards HS such that it can be effectively used as an indicator for monitoring the level of HS in living cells.

A chimeric porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV)-2 vaccine is safe under international guidelines and effective both in experimental and field conditions.

Vaccination is currently the most effective strategy to control porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS). New-generation PRRS vaccines are required to be safe and broadly cross-protective. We have recently created the chimeric PRRS virus K418DM which proved to be a good vaccine candidate under field conditions.

Flattening the Curve on COVID-19: South Korea's Measures in Tackling Initial Outbreak of Coronavirus.

The spread of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is causing an unprecedented crisis around the world, with South Korea being no exception. South Korea experienced a surge of COVID-19 cases on February 19, 2020, but was able to flatten the COVID-19 curve in only 20 days without enforcing lockdown measures that restrict the freedom and movement of people. The actual field experience of the Korean government's COVID-19 response team, who participated in drafting the document "Tackling COVID-19: Health, Quarantine, and Economic Measures: Korean experience," was examined and an in-depth analysis was conducted of the South Korean government's experience dealing with the Middle East respiratory syndrome of 2015.

3D morphological classification of the nasolacrimal duct: Anatomical study for planning treatment of tear drainage obstruction.

Background: The purpose of this study is to analyze and classify morphological features of the nasolacrimal duct (NLD) through 3D reconstruction to help understand the causes and treatment of NLD obstruction.

Methods: In this study, we included 63 males and 55 females who underwent autopsy without NLD obstruction with ages ranging from 20 to 78 years. The NLD was defined from the lacrimal fossa to the opening of the BNLD to the inferior meatus, and all continuous CT images showing the NLD were selected.

Position-specific oxidation of miR-1 encodes cardiac hypertrophy.

In pathophysiology, reactive oxygen species oxidize biomolecules that contribute to disease phenotypes. One such modification, 8-oxoguanine (oG), is abundant in RNA but its epitranscriptional role has not been investigated for microRNAs (miRNAs). Here we specifically sequence oxidized miRNAs in a rat model of the redox-associated condition cardiac hypertrophy.