Do Risk Factors for HCC Impact the Association of CT/MRI LIRADS Major Features With HCC? An Individual Participant Data Meta-Analysis.

Guidelines suggest the Liver Imaging Reporting and Data System (LI-RADS) may not be applicable for some populations at risk for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, data assessing the association of HCC risk factors with LI-RADS major features are lacking. To evaluate whether the association between HCC risk factors and each CT/MRI LI-RADS major feature differs among individuals at-risk for HCC.

Screening for Lung Cancer, Overdiagnosis, and Healthcare Utilization: A Nationwide Population-Based Study.

Introduction: Guideline-discordant low-dose computed tomography (LDCT) screening may cause lung cancer (LC) overdiagnosis, but its extent and consequences are unclear. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of self-initiated, non-reimbursed LDCT screening in a predominantly non-smoking population and its impact on LC epidemiology and healthcare utilization.

Methods: This nationwide cohort study analyzed data from Korea's National Health Information Database and 11 academic hospital screening centers (1999-2022).

Can a Culturally Adapted Autism Training Reduce Stigma Towards Autistic People in South Korea?

This randomized controlled trial examined the effectiveness of an online autism training intervention in reducing stigma toward autistic individuals. Participants were 208 Korean undergraduate students who were blinded to group allocation, with 106 assigned to the autism training and 102 assigned to a control intervention. All participants completed an online Qualtrics survey that included a pre-test survey (perceived similarity to different minority groups), the training, and a post-test survey (perceived similarity, stigma toward autistic people, knowledge about autism, confidence in their knowledge, and open-responses question asking for descriptions of autism).

Pupil Abnormality Frequency in the First 72 Hours Improves IMPACT score in Traumatic Brain Injury.

Importance: In patients with traumatic brain injury (TBI), baseline pupillary assessment is common. However, the incidence and frequency of pupil abnormalities within the first several days remain poorly characterized.

Objectives: Our aim was to test the association between pupil abnormality frequency over the first 72 hours of admission and clinical outcomes.

Description of a new species and two new records of the family Cosmopterigidae (Lepidoptera) from Korea.

Three species belonging to the family Cosmopterigidae are treated: Anatrachyntis koreana sp. nov. is described as new to science, Anatrachyntis ptilodelta (Meyrick, 1922) and Macrobathra nomaea Meyrick, 1914 are reported for the first time in Korea.

Effects of hepatic fibrosis on the quantification of hepatic steatosis using the controlled attenuation parameter in patients with chronic hepatitis B.

Purpose: This study assessed the impact of hepatic fibrosis on the diagnostic performance of the controlled attenuation parameter (CAP) in quantifying hepatic steatosis in patients with chronic hepatitis B (CHB).

Methods: CHB patients who underwent liver stiffness measurement (LSM) and CAP assessment using transient elastography before liver resection between 2019 and 2022 were retrospectively evaluated. Clinical data included body mass index (BMI) and laboratory parameters.

Assessing the 9G Technology Blood Test for Predicting Lung Cancer in Patients with CT-Detected Lung Nodules: A Multicenter Clinical Trial.

: Lung nodules detected by chest computed tomography (CT) often require invasive biopsies for definitive diagnosis, leading to unnecessary procedures for benign lesions. A blood-based biomarker test that predicts lung cancer risk in CT-detected nodules could help stratify patients and direct invasive diagnostics toward high-risk individuals. : In this multicenter, single-blinded clinical trial, we evaluated a test measuring plasma levels of p53, anti-p53 autoantibodies, CYFRA 21-1, and anti-CYFRA 21-1 autoantibodies in patients with CT-detected lung nodules.

Development of a Fluorescence Probe for High-Throughput Screening of Allosteric Inhibitors Targeting TRAP1.

Tumor necrosis factor receptor-associated protein 1 (TRAP1) is a molecular chaperone implicated in pro-tumorigenic pathways by regulating the folding of substrate proteins (clients) within cancer cells. Recent research has pinpointed a potentially druggable allosteric site within the client binding site (CBS) of TRAP1, suggesting this site might offer a more effective strategy for developing potent and selective TRAP1 inhibitors. However, the absence of reliable assay systems has hindered quantitative evaluation of inhibitors.

A Multicenter Study on Hepatocellular Adenomas in Korea: Clinicopathological and Imaging Features With an Emphasis on β-Catenin Mutated Subtype.

Background & Aims: The clinicopathologic and imaging features of hepatocellular adenomas (HCAs) in Asian population remain unclear. We aimed to analyse clinicopathologic and imaging features of HCAs in Korea and propose an imaging-based method to differentiate β-catenin mutated HCA (βHCA) from other subtypes.

Methods: This retrospective multicenter study included pathologically confirmed HCAs from three tertiary institutions in Korea between 2010 and 2023.

Fecal and Sputum Microbiota and Treatment Response in Patients with Mycobacterium abscessus Pulmonary Disease.

Background: The microbiota is a potential source of biomarkers for clinical outcomes in chronic respiratory conditions, but its role in Mycobacterium abscessus pulmonary disease (PD) remains unexplored. We aimed to identify microbial signatures in fecal and sputum microbiotas associated with treatment response in patients with M. abscessus PD.

Stereotactic body radiotherapy alone versus stereotactic body radiotherapy after incomplete transarterial therapy for hepatocellular carcinoma.

Introduction: We investigated the clinical outcomes of stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) alone versus SBRT after incomplete transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) for a single recurrent hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) smaller than 5 cm.

Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of patients who underwent SBRT for a single recurrent HCC ≤5 cm, without vascular invasion or extrahepatic metastasis. Patients were divided into the SBRT-alone group and the TACE-SBRT group.

Comparative Study on Hepatoprotective Effects of Traditional Herbs, Roots of Nakai, Fischer, Mill., and Fruits of Pall., on Ethanol-Induced Liver Injury in Mice.

Alcohol-associated liver disease (ALD) is a major cause of chronic liver disease, with few effective treatments besides alcohol abstinence. Angelicae Gigantis Radix (AG), Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma (GR), Paeoniae Radix (PR), and Zizyphi Fructus (ZF) are traditional herbs used to treat various ailments, including liver diseases. While several studies have reported the beneficial effects of GR on ALD, the effects of AG, PR, and ZF remain underexplored.

Differential Impact of WM Load on Attention in Young Adults Versus Children and Adolescents.

This study aimed to examine how concurrent working memory (WM) loads affect selective attention, and to explore developmental differences between young adults and children/adolescents aged 10 to 14 years. : We employed a modified Stroop task with verbal or spatial WM loads to assess their impact on attention. In adults, we found increased Stroop effects when WM load overlapped with target processing and decreased Stroop effects when WM load overlapped with distractor processing.

Lactobacillus plantarum NCHBL-004 modulates high-fat diet-induced weight gain and enhances GLP-1 production for blood glucose regulation.

Objectives: This study investigated the therapeutic potential of Lactobacillus plantarum NCHBL-004 (NCHBL-004) in the treatment of obesity and associated metabolic disorders.

Methods: Mice were fed either a normal diet (ND) or a high-fat diet (HFD) with oral administration of NCHBL-004. After euthanasia, blood, liver and adipose tissue were collected.

Percutaneous radiofrequency ablation of liver metastases from colorectal cancer: Development of a prognostic score to predict overall survival.

Purpose: To develop a model for pretreatment prediction of overall survival (OS) after radiofrequency ablation (RFA) for colorectal liver metastasis (CRLM).

Method: This retrospective study included 491 patients (median age, 61 years; 348 men) who underwent percutaneous RFA for CRLM between 2000 and 2021. The Kaplan-Meier method was used to estimate OS rates.

Postmortem-Derived Exosomal MicroRNA 486-5p as Potential Biomarkers for Ischemic Heart Disease Diagnosis.

Exosomes are nanovesicles 30-150 nm in diameter released extracellularly. Those isolated from human body fluids reflect the characteristics of their cells or tissues of origin. Exosomes carry extensive biological information from their parent cells and have significant potential as biomarkers for disease diagnosis and prognosis.

Consolidation ALK Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors Versus Durvalumab or Observation After Chemoradiation in Unresectable Stage III ALK-Positive NSCLC.

Introduction: Patients with advanced ALK-positive NSCLC typically have poor response to immunotherapy; the benefit of consolidation durvalumab in patients with unresectable stage III ALK-positive NSCLC remains unclear. Herein, we compare the efficacy and safety of consolidation ALK tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) versus durvalumab or observation after concurrent chemoradiation.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective study using a multicenter study of 17 institutions globally.

Resorbable Microspheres versus Trisacryl Gelatin Microspheres for Uterine Artery Embolization: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

Background There are insufficient data comparing resorbable microspheres (RMs) with permanent trisacryl gelatin microspheres (TAGMs) for uterine artery embolization (UAE). Purpose To compare therapeutic efficacy and clinical outcomes in participants with symptomatic fibroids after UAE with RMs or TAGMs. Materials and Methods This randomized controlled trial included participants undergoing UAE for symptomatic fibroids at a single institution (from May 2021 to May 2023).

Molecular profiling METex14+ non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC): Impact of histology.

Objectives: MET exon 14 skipping alterations (METex14+) represent a heterogeneous subgroup of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) with distinct biological and genomic features. We characterized this heterogeneity in a large cohort, integrating genomic and transcriptomic profiling with clinical outcomes, to elucidate the histologic and molecular traits and survival patterns of METex14+ NSCLC.

Materials And Methods: NSCLC tissue samples (n = 28,739) underwent DNA-based next-generation sequencing (592 genes, NextSeq) or whole-exome sequencing (NovaSeq), RNA-sequencing including whole transcriptome sequencing (WTS, NovaSeq), and PD-L1 IHC (Dako 22C3) at Caris Life Sciences.

The Effects of Using Adapted Science eBooks Within Shared Reading on Comprehension and Task Engagement of Students with Autism Spectrum Disorder.

The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of using adapted science eBooks within shared reading on comprehension and task engagement of high school students with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). A grade-level science textbook was selected and converted into an eBook format, incorporating various visual and auditory features (e.g.

Secure Triggering Frame-Based Dynamic Power Saving Mechanism against Battery Draining Attack in Wi-Fi-Enabled Sensor Networks.

Wireless local area networks (WLANs) have recently evolved into technologies featuring extremely high throughput and ultra-high reliability. As WLANs are predominantly utilized in Internet of Things (IoT) and Wi-Fi-enabled sensor applications powered by coin cell batteries, these high-efficiency, high-performance technologies often cause significant battery depletion. The introduction of the trigger frame-based uplink transmission method, designed to enhance network throughput, lacks adequate security measures, enabling attackers to manipulate trigger frames.