Magnesium-Rich Diet Score is Inversely Associated with Incident Cardiovascular Disease: The Atherosclerosis in Communities (ARIC) Study.

Background: Numerous studies have shown inverse associations between serum magnesium (Mg) and risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD), but studies of dietary Mg have not been consistent.

Aim: To examine the association of a Mg-rich diet score with risks of CVD, coronary heart disease (CHD), and ischemic stroke in the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) study.

Methods: There were 15,022 Black and White adults without prevalent CVD at baseline (1987-89) included in this analysis.

Diet patterns associated with cognitive decline: methods to harmonize data from European and US cohort studies.

The impact of dietary intake on cognitive outcomes and dementia prevention is a topic of increasing interest. Meta-analyses of observational studies, mostly conducted within US and European populations, have reported benefits of healthy diet patterns on cognitive performance, but results from individual studies have been inconsistent. These inconsistencies are likely due to the diverse methodology used in studies, including different diet and cognitive function assessment instruments, follow-up periods, and analytical methods, which make drawing conclusions relevant to dietary guidance challenging.

Added sugar intake is associated with weight gain and risk of developing obesity over 30 years: The CARDIA study.

Background And Aims: Numerous prospective studies have examined sugar sweetened beverage (SSB) intake associated with weight gain or incident obesity. Because SSB accounts for only 33 % of added sugar (AS) intake, we investigated the associations of AS intake with change in weight and waist circumference and risk of developing obesity.

Methods And Results: At baseline (1985-86) Black and White women and men, aged 18-30 years, enrolled in the Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults (CARDIA) study and were followed for 30 years (2015-16).

Consumption of foods and beverages rich in added sugar associated with incident metabolic syndrome: the Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults (CARDIA) study.

Aims: Numerous studies report positive associations between total carbohydrate (CHO) intake and incident metabolic syndrome (MetS), but few differentiate quality or type of CHO relative to MetS. We examined source of CHO intake, including added sugar (AS), AS-rich CHO foods, and sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs) associated with incident MetS in adults enrolled in the Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults (CARDIA) study.

Methods And Results: Among 3154 Black American and White American women and men aged 18-30 years at baseline, dietary intake was assessed by diet history three times over 20 years.

Diet quality is associated with adipose tissue and muscle mass: the Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults (CARDIA) study.

Background: Aging is associated with changes in body composition, and preventing loss of muscle mass and accumulation of excess adipose tissue in middle-aged adults may reduce age-related conditions at older ages. Dietary intake is one lifestyle factor shown to improve or maintain body composition. However, few studies have examined the Healthy Eating Index2015 (HEI2015), a measure of diet quality, and the association with body composition in adult men and women.

Long-term aspartame and saccharin intakes are related to greater volumes of visceral, intermuscular, and subcutaneous adipose tissue: the CARDIA study.

Background: Artificial sweetener (ArtSw) intakes have been previously associated with higher BMI in observational studies and may promote visceral and skeletal muscle adipose tissue (AT) accumulation. This study aimed to determine whether habitual, long-term ArtSw or diet beverage intakes are related to greater AT depot volumes and anthropometry-related outcomes.

Methods: A validated diet history questionnaire was administered at baseline, year 7, and year 20 examinations in 3088 men and women enrolled in the Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults cohort (CARDIA), mean age of 25.

Association of nut consumption with CVD risk factors in young to middle-aged adults: The Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults (CARDIA) study.

Background And Aims: Few studies have examined long-term associations of walnut, other nut, and no nut consumption with cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors. Results from prospective studies with long-term follow-up can provide further evidence for dietary guideline messaging to consume nuts. Therefore, we examined the associations of walnut, other nut, and no nut consumption with diet quality and CVD risk factors over 30 years of follow-up.

Associations of the Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension dietary pattern with cardiac structure and function.

Background And Aims: Various food groups have been associated with measures of left ventricular geometry and function. Whether the Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) dietary pattern in mid-life is associated with a favorable cardiac structure and function later in life is unknown.

Methods And Results: The study population consisted of the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities study participants free of cardiovascular disease at study visit 3 in 1993-1995.

Contrasting Associations of Prudent and Western Dietary Patterns with Risk of Developing Venous Thromboembolism.

Background: Published studies are inconsistent about whether differences in diet are associated with risk of venous thromboembolism. We studied the association between dietary patterns and incident venous thromboembolism in a large US cohort.

Methods: The Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities study followed 14,818 middle-aged males and females for incident venous thromboembolism over an average of 22 years between 1987 and 2015.

Walnut consumption and cardiac phenotypes: The Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults (CARDIA) study.

Background And Aims: Observational studies and clinical trials have shown cardiovascular benefits of nut consumption, including walnuts. However, the relations of walnut consumption with systolic and diastolic function, risk factors for heart failure, are unknown. We examined the associations of walnut consumption with cardiac structure and function parameters in black and white adults enrolled in the Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults (CARDIA) study.