Comparative analysis of child injuries in passenger vehicles and school buses: a multicentre cross-sectional study.

Objective: This study investigated the differences in injury profiles and safety device effectiveness among children with road traffic injuries (RTIs) involving passenger vehicles and school buses.

Methods: Using data from the Emergency Department-based Injury In-depth Surveillance database, this multicentre cross-sectional study investigated the injury profiles of 14 669 children aged 12 years old and younger who experienced RTIs from 2011-2021. Demographic factors, injury distribution, severity and effect of safety device use between RITs involving passenger vehicles and school buses were compared.

Influencing Factors of Delayed Diagnosis of COVID-19 in Gangwon, South Korea.

This study aimed to identify the time to diagnosis among COVID-19 patients and factors associated with delayed diagnosis (DD). Data from COVID-19 patients in Gangwon, South Korea, diagnosed between 22 February 2020 and 29 January 2022, were analyzed, excluding asymptomatic cases and those who underwent mandatory testing. DD was defined as a period exceeding 2 or more days from symptom recognition to COVID-19 diagnosis.

Identifying a key spot for electron mediator-interaction to tailor CO dehydrogenase's affinity.

Fe‒S cluster-harboring enzymes, such as carbon monoxide dehydrogenases (CODH), employ sophisticated artificial electron mediators like viologens to serve as potent biocatalysts capable of cleaning-up industrial off-gases at stunning reaction rates. Unraveling the interplay between these enzymes and their associated mediators is essential for improving the efficiency of CODHs. Here we show the electron mediator-interaction site on ChCODHs (Ch, Carboxydothermus hydrogenoformans) using a systematic approach that leverages the viologen-reactive characteristics of superficial aromatic residues.

Circulating Vitamin D Level and Risk of Sudden Cardiac Death and Cardiovascular Mortality: A Dose-Response Meta-Analysis of Prospective Studies.

Background: We conducted a comprehensive meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies to analyze the effect of circulating vitamin D level on the risk of sudden cardiac death (SCD) and cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality.

Methods: Prospective cohort studies evaluating the association between circulating vitamin D and risk of SCD and CVD mortality were systematically searched in the PubMed and Embase. Extracted data were analyzed using a random effects model and results were expressed in terms of hazard ratio (HR) and 95% confidence interval (CI).

Age-specific characteristics of road traffic injuries among children and adolescents in South Korea.

Objective: Road traffic injuries (RTIs) are the leading cause of mortality among children and adolescents. This study aimed to identify and compare the age-specific epidemiology, clinical characteristics and factors related to severe RTIs among children and adolescents who had RTIs.

Methods: This multicenter cross-sectional study was conducted using data collected between January 2011 and December 2018 in the Emergency Department-based Injury In-depth Surveillance registry in South Korea.

Risk of pre-existing hyponatremia and mortality in patients with traumatic brain injury across age groups.

Traumatic brain injurySodiumClinical outcomes.

Effect of income level on stroke incidence and the mediated effect of simultaneous diagnosis of metabolic syndrome diseases; a nationwide cohort study in South Korea.

Background: This study aimed to determine whether a simultaneous diagnosis of main components of metabolic syndrome (MetS) (hypertension, diabetes mellitus, and dyslipidemia) plays a mediator between income level and stroke.

Methods: We used the National Health Insurance Service National Sample Cohort database from 2006 to 2015. The mediator variables were the number of main MetS components diagnosed simultaneously (two or more/three or more).

Serum Cholesterol Levels and Risk of Cardiovascular Death: A Systematic Review and a Dose-Response Meta-Analysis of Prospective Cohort Studies.

Introduction: Numerous studies have demonstrated that abnormal levels of cholesterol are associated with a high attributable risk for the occurrence of cardiovascular disease (CVD). However, there has been no comprehensive study to investigate the relationship between serum cholesterol levels and cardiovascular mortality. Therefore, we conducted a systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis.

Effects of Occupational Stress and Health Behaviors on Heart Rate Variability in Live-Fire Instructors.

Objectives: This study aimed to identify the association between the healthrelated characteristics and the subscales of occupational stress of live fire instructors and heart rate variability (HRV).

Methods: We conducted questionnaire survey on a general health checkup for 15 live fire instructors. Occupational stress and HRV parameters were measured to determine the association between health behavior, including smoking, drinking, exercise, and sleep-related disorders, and occupational stress of live fire instructors and HRV parameters using Spearman's rank correlation coefficient.

Assessment of novel ICT-EMS systems to improve emergency patient transportation during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Objectives: This study aimed to examine the usability, feasibility, acceptability, and appropriateness of the information and communication technology for emergency medical services (ICT-EMS) systems to improve the transportation of emergency patients during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Methods: Emergency medical technicians (EMTs) (n = 229) employed at 7 fire stations operated by the North Chungcheong Fire Service Headquarters, South Korea were trained to use ICT-EMS devices prior to a 1-month implementation period. System Usability Scale (SUS), Feasibility of Intervention Measure (FIM), Acceptability of Intervention Measure (AIM), and Intervention Appropriateness Measure (IAM) questionnaires were conducted in the 4th week of the 1-month implementation period to assess the perceived usability, feasibility, acceptability, and appropriateness of the ICT-EMS systems.

Monitoring of characteristics of the patients visiting an emergency center in Cameroon through the development of hospital patient database.

Most countries in Sub-Saharan Africa have struggled to utilize health information technology and thus lack in accurate patient data. This paper describes the method of collecting patient data and patient characteristics in an emergency centre in Yaoundé, Cameroon. We developed an Epi Info-based data entry form to collect data of the patients who visited the Centre des Urgences de Yaoundé (CURY) from January 2016 to June 2018.

Cystatin C and mortality risk in the general population: systematic review and dose response meta-analysis.

Introduction: Cystatin C has been identified as an independent predictor of all-cause and cardiovascular mortality in the general population. This meta-analysis to evaluate the association between serum cystatin C level and all-cause and cardiovascular mortality. We additionally conducted a dose-response analysis to examine a linear association between cystatin C and cardiovascular mortality.

Effect of implementation of multi-tier response system and prolonged on-scene resuscitation for out-of-hospital cardiac arrest.

Introduction: The purpose of this study was to explain the process and results of implementing a bundle of two cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) programs in Gwang-ju metropolitan city and to determine whether the use of these programs improved the clinical outcomes for out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) patients.

Methods: This was a before- and after-intervention study of the implementation of a bundle of two CPR programs in Gwang-ju. The main intervention was a multi-tier response (MTR) system, with an emphasis on prolonged on-scene resuscitation.

Acute Physiological Response of Live-Fire Simulation Activities Affecting Cardiovascular Health in Live-Fire Instructors: A Randomized Controlled Simulation Study.

Objectives: This study aimed to assess acute physiological response of fire suppression simulation affecting cardiovascular health during repeated bouts of simulation.

Methods: Fifteen live-fire instructors were randomly divided into three groups according to fire suppression simulation frequency. Vital signs, biomarkers, and heart rate variability (HRV) were measured before and after simulation.

Functional Assessment of Driving Capacity of Older Drivers Compared with Non-older Drivers Using Clinical Evaluations and Driving Simulations.

Background: This study used various tools, including a self-assessment questionnaire, the Clinical Assessment of Driver-Related Skills (CADReS), and a driving simulation, to discriminate between older and non-older drivers.

Methods: We evaluated driving habits, driving-related health behaviors, and morbidities using a self-assessment questionnaire and examined visual, motor, and cognitive functions using the CADReS and a vehicle simulator of four junction scenarios that are typical of accidents involving older drivers. The areas under the receiver operating characteristic curves (AUCs) were calculated to compare the age-related discriminating ability of these tools between older (≥65 years) and non-older participants.

Long-Term Effect of Income Level on Mortality after Stroke: A Nationwide Cohort Study in South Korea.

We investigated whether income level has long-term effects on mortality rate in stroke patients and whether this varies with time after the first stroke event, using the National Health Insurance Service National Sample Cohort data from 2002 to 2015 in South Korea. The study population was new-onset stroke patients ≥18 years of age. Patients were categorized into Category (1) insured employees and Category (2) insured self-employed/Medical Aid beneficiaries.

Effectiveness of negative pressure isolation stretcher and rooms for SARS-CoV-2 nosocomial infection control and maintenance of South Korean emergency department capacity.

Objective: There are growing concerns regarding the lack of COVID-19 pandemic response capacity in already overwhelmed emergency departments (EDs), and lack of proper isolation facilities. This study evaluated the effectiveness of the negative pressure isolation stretcher (NPIS) and additional negative pressure isolation rooms (NPIRs) on the maintenance of emergency care capacity during the COVID-19 outbreak.

Methods: A before and after intervention study was performed between February 27, 2020 and March 31, 2020 at the ED of Chungbuk National University Hospital, Cheongju, South Korea.

Follicular Cholecystitis: Reappraisal of Incidence, Definition, and Clinicopathologic Associations in an Analysis of 2550 Cholecystectomies.

Context.: Follicular cholecystitis (FC) is a poorly characterized entity.

Objective.

Comparison of the epidemiology and injury profile among injured patients involved in special purpose vehicle-related incidents in South Korea.

Injuries caused by mobile machinery or special purpose vehicles (SPVs) can lead to high socio-medical cost and fatality. In this descriptive study, we compared the epidemiology and injury profile of injured patients involved in SPVs-related incidents. We analyzed a nationwide database of SPV-related injured patients between January 2011 and December 2016.

Posttraumatic stress disorder and risk of selected autoimmune diseases among US military personnel.

Background: Increasing evidence suggests a link between posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and physical health. Stress disorders may lead to impairment of the immune system and subsequent autoimmune disease. This study investigated the association between PTSD and risk of selected autoimmune diseases (i.

Healthy behaviors and incidence of overweight and obesity in military veterans.

Purpose: Research suggests that U.S. veterans have a higher obesity prevalence than nonveterans and that weight gain is high after military discharge.

Comparison of epidemiology and injury profile between vulnerable road users and motor vehicle occupants in road traffic fatalities.

Road traffic injuries (RTIs) are a major global health issue causing a global burden of mortality and morbidity. Half of all fatalities on the world's roads are vulnerable road users (VRUs). The targeted intervention strategies based on fatality analysis focusing on VRUs can effectively contribute to reducing RTIs.

Location of arrest and effect of prehospital advanced airway management after emergency medical service-witnessed out-of-hospital cardiac arrest: nationwide observational study.

Objectives: To investigate the association of prehospital advanced airway management (AAM) on outcomes of emergency medical service (EMS)-witnessed out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) according to the location of arrest.

Methods: We evaluated a Korean national OHCA database from 2012 to 2016. Adults with EMS-witnessed, non-traumatic OHCA were included.