Effect of resuscitative endovascular balloon occlusion of the aorta in nontraumatic out-of-hospital cardiac arrest: a multinational, multicenter, randomized, controlled trial.

Background: Out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) is a significant public health issue worldwide and is associated with low survival rates and poor neurological outcomes. The generation of optimal coronary perfusion pressure (CPP) via high-quality chest compressions is a key factor in enhancing survival rates. However, it is often challenging to provide adequate CPP in real-world cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) scenarios.

Effect of Patient's Positioning on the Grade of Tendinosis and Visible Range of Infraspinatus Tendon on Ultrasound.

Purpose: To investigate the effect of patient positioning on tendinosis grade, visible range, and infraspinatus tendon (IST) thickness, and to determine the feasibility of internal rotation (IR) position to assess IST on ultrasound (US).

Materials And Methods: This study included 52 shoulders of 48 subjects who were evaluated for IST in three different positions: neutral position (N), IR, and position with the ipsilateral hand on the contralateral shoulder (HC). Two radiologists retrospectively graded IST tendinosis from grade 0 to grade 3 and the visible range from grade 1 to grade 4.

Comparative analysis of intra-articular injection of steroid and/or sodium hyaluronate in adhesive capsulitis: prospective, double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled study.

Background: Few studies have reported the effects of simultaneous injections of corticosteroid (CS) and hyaluronic acid (HA) on adhesive capsulitis (AC) of the shoulder. This study investigated the synergistic effects of simultaneous intra-articular injections of CS and compared them to those of CS or HA alone.

Method: Sixty patients with AC were enrolled in this randomized, placebo-controlled trial.

Progression to prediabetes or diabetes in young Korean women with polycystic ovary syndrome: A longitudinal observational study.

Objective: To investigate changes in glycaemic status in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS).

Design: Longitudinal observational study.

Patients: Women with PCOS who underwent baseline and follow-up screening tests for diabetes (n = 262).

Retrospective study of relationship between vastus medialis volume on SPECT-CT and outcome of unilateral total knee arthroplasty.

Although the importance of quadriceps femoris function was reported previously, little is known about volume-related factors and their effects on clinical outcomes after total knee arthroplasty (TKA). We sought to determine whether there was a bilateral difference in vastus medialis muscle volume measured on single-photon emission computed tomography-computed tomography (SPECT-CT) in patients who underwent unilateral TKA. We also aimed to determine whether vastus medialis volume was related to osteoarthritis (OA) severity or scintigraphic uptake degree around the knee joint on SPECT-CT.

Evaluation of the Reliability, Reproducibility and Validity of Digital Orthodontic Measurements Based on Various Digital Models among Young Patients.

The advantages of intraoral model scanning have yielded recent developments. However, few studies have explored the orthodontic clinical use of this technique particularly among young patients. This study aimed to evaluate the reliability, reproducibility and validity of the orthodontic measurements: tooth width, arch length and arch length discrepancy in each digital model obtained by model scanner and intraoral scanner, relative to a plaster model.

Characteristics of CD5-positive diffuse large B-cell lymphoma among Koreans: High incidence of BCL2 and MYC double-expressors.

Aberrant expression of CD5 has been reported in 5-10% of diffuse large B-cell lymphomas (DLBCLs). CD5+ DLBCL had been recognized as an aggressive immunophenotypic subgroup of DLBCL in the 2008 WHO classification of haematolymphoid neoplasm; however, it was eliminated from the list of subgroups of DLBCLs in the revised 2016 classification. Nevertheless, there is much controversy regarding the clinical significance of CD5 expression, and many researchers still assert that this subgroup exhibits an extremely unfavorable prognosis with frequent treatment failure.

Prevalence of insulin resistance in Korean women with polycystic ovary syndrome according to various homeostasis model assessment for insulin resistance cutoff values.

Objective: To investigate the various homeostasis model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) cutoff values in a large population of healthy controls and to evaluate the prevalence of IR in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS).

Design: Case control study.

Setting: Reproductive endocrinology center.

Effect of Prophylactic Use of Silymarin on Anti-tuberculosis Drugs Induced Hepatotoxicity.

Background: The first line of anti-tuberculosis (TB) drugs are the most effective standard of drugs for TB. However, the use of these drugs is associated with hepatotoxicity. Silymarin has protective effects against hepatotoxicity of anti-TB drugs in animal models.

Effect of perioperative systemic steroid treatment on patients with obstructive lung disease undergoing elective abdominal surgery.

Introduction: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease is an independent risk factor of postoperative pulmonary complications (PPCs). It is unknown whether a perioperative systemic corticosteroid would be beneficial in patients with obstructive airway disease.

Objectives: The present study was conducted to determine the effect of a perioperative systemic corticosteroid on PPCs in patients who showed airway obstruction in preoperative spirometry.

The effect of using blood culture bottle of bronchoalveolar larvage fluid in pneumonia.

Background: Pneumonia is a primary cause of morbidity and mortality in infectious disease, and increasing antimicrobial resistance has raised concerns of treatment failure. Therefore, we evaluated the value of a blood culture bottle for bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) samples on pathogen identification and on treatment modification in patients with pneumonia.

Methods: We conducted a prospective study and enrolled 39 patients who were hospitalized for pneumonia.

Medial Soft-Tissue Realignment Versus Medial Patellofemoral Ligament Reconstruction for Recurrent Patellar Dislocation: Systematic Review.

Purpose: To compare the clinical outcomes between medial soft-tissue surgery and medial patellofemoral ligament (MPFL) reconstruction for recurrent patellar dislocation without any evident predisposing factors.

Methods: A literature search was performed on the established medical databases MEDLINE, EMBASE, and the Cochrane register. The inclusion criteria were as follows: English-language papers for recurrent patellar dislocation without any evident predisposing factors, clinical trial(s) with clear description of surgical technique, adult subjects, medial soft-tissue surgery or MPFL reconstruction without combined surgery, and a follow-up longer than 2 years.

Correlation between Bone Mineral Density Measured by Dual-Energy X-Ray Absorptiometry and Hounsfield Units Measured by Diagnostic CT in Lumbar Spine.

Objective: Use of quantitative computed tomography (CT) to evaluate bone mineral density was suggested in the 1970s. Despite its reliability and accuracy, technical shortcomings restricted its usage, and dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) became the gold standard evaluation method. Advances in CT technology have reduced its previous limitations, and CT evaluation of bone quality may now be applicable in clinical practice.

The differential expression pattern of BMP-4 between the dentigerous cyst and the odontogenic keratocyst.

Background: Bone morphogenic protein-4 (BMP-4) is widely expressed in oral cavity and involved in tooth morphogenesis, cellular differentiation and proliferation. The purpose of this study was to compare the difference in expression pattern of BMP-4 in odontogenic keratocysts (OKC) and dentigerous cysts (DC).

Methods: We evaluated 77 cysts, OKC (n = 34) or DC (n = 43).