On reprogramming of tumor cells metabolism: detection of glycogen in the cell lines of hepatocellular origin with various degrees of dedifferentiation.

The reprogramming of cancer cells includes shifts in glucose and glycogen metabolism. The aim of our work was to check the ability of forming glycogen grains in hepatocellular tumor cell lines of various dedifferentiation levels. We studied the monolayer culture established in vitro after explanting cells from rat ascites Zajdela hepatoma strain C (ZH-C) as a "parental" line and its five daughter clonal sublines: the holoclonal sublines 3H, 5F, 6H and the meroclonal ones 1E, 9C, which possess, respectively, the properties of cancer stem-like cells (CSLCs) and cancer progenitor-like cells (CPLCs).

USING OF CELL LINE HepG2 FOR ASSESSMENT OF TOXIC AND METABOLIC EFECTS OF ANTIPSYCHOTIC DRUGS.

In order to study in vitro the toxic and metabolic effects of antipsychotic drugs (AP) on the cells of hepatic origin we used human hepatoblastoma cell line HepG2. We cultured HepG2 cells in the presence of two AP of the first and second generations (haloperidol and olanzapine, respectively) adding them to the culture medium in concentrations that may at the therapeutic use of AP take place in liver and other tissues of a high lipid content. In the process of cultivation, we detected several products of carbohydrate and lipid metabolism, measured activity of four hepatocellular enzymes in the culture medium, and estimated cell viability/proliferation in the MTS-test.

COMPARISON OF CELL CYCLE DURATION IN THE MONOLAYER CELL LINE OF HEPATOMA ZAJDELA AND ITS SUBLINES 3H AND 9C CULTIVATED IN VITRO.

We studied proliferative features of cells in monolayer line of rat hepatoma Zajdela (the original, parent line) and in the sublines 3H and 9C cloned from different types of the colonies of the parental line. These sublines also differed by cytomorphometric parameters, by the types of colonies formed at recloning of these cells in vitro, and by tumorogenicity at transplantation to a rat. Using a time-lapse video of native living cells, we analyzed the cell cycle duration (CCD) and its relationship to a cell shape.

[Retarded excision of pyrimidine dimers in human unstimulated lymphocytes].

Using immuno-labelling of cyclobutane pyrimidine dimers (CPDs) in nuclei of peripheral lymphocytes after their UVC-irradiation and cultivation, we have found that within the first four hours of cultivation the CPD-specific fluorescent signal from cell nuclei increased. Earlier, a similar increase in binding of antibody specific for pyrimidine (6-4) pyrimidone photoproducts to undenatured DNA isolated from UV-irradiated Chinese hamster ovary cells was reported (Mitchell et al., 1986).

Circulating leukocyte and cytokine responses to measles and poliovirus vaccination in children after ultraviolet radiation exposures.

Suberythemal ultraviolet radiation (UVR) exposures of children are used routinely in Russia to prevent rickets and to strengthen general health. The aim of the present study was to re-evaluate the effects of such a regime on immune responses as UVR is now recognised to suppress cell-mediated immunity in many animal models. Seventeen infants were immunised with attenuated measles and recall polio vaccines of whom 10 had been given a course of prophylactic UV exposures before the vaccinations.

Immunochemical study of DNA modifications in the nuclei of UV-damaged lymphocytes.

Studies of UV-induced skin cancers show that malignisation of skin cells, as well as alterations in anti-tumor immune control, are triggered by UV-induced lesions in cellular DNA. Such lesions can probably appear in the human mononuclear leukocytes (lymphocytes) during exposure of skin to sunlight. With the aim of studying the processing of UV-induced DNA lesions in these cells, we used flow cytometry and labelling of their partially denatured nuclei with the monoclonal antibody (H3) that binds cyclobutane pyrimidine dimers in single-stranded DNA.

[Stimulation of DNA repair in human cells damaged by UV and ionizing radiation with soluble growth factors of photomodified blood].

Exposure of a small skin area of volunteers to UV light in 1 minimal erythemal dose is accompanied by rapid appearance in the circulating blood of soluble factors able to restore proliferation of X-ray-damaged autologous lymphocytes, to decrease frequency of chromosome breaks, and to stimulate unscheduled DNA synthesis. The appearance of such an activity in the blood can be also induced without skin irradiation. For this, one volume of a directly UV-irradiated blood is to be mixed in vitro with 10-fold volumes of intact blood, thus modeling the in vivo situation, when a small amount of transcutaneously UV-irradiated blood mixes with intact blood in the circulation.

Molecular dosimetry by flow cytometric detection of thymine dimers in mononuclear cells from extracorporally UV-irradiated blood.

UV-induced DNA damage in mononuclear leucocytes can be quantified by flow cytometry of fluorescence from a labelled monoclonal antibody that specifically binds to thymine dimers (T<-->T): specific fluorescence is already detectable after exposures of 1-2 J m-2 of 254 nm radiation and shows a linear relationship with dose. The distribution of UV fluences over an irradiated volume can thus be ascertained by measuring the UV-induced T<-->T loads of the individual cells from that volume. After irradiation of mononuclear cells in a phosphate buffer solution in a Petri dish, most cells showed a similar intensity of specific T<-->T fluorescence, forming a single sharp peak in the fluorescence histogram.

[The relationship of the potassium transport function of human erythrocyte membranes to the structural state of the glycocalyx].

The two structural-functional state parameters of erythrocyte membrane in healthy donors and ischemic heart disease patients have been compared--the potassium exchange rate constant (x), and the quantity of Alcian blue sorption capacity of glycocalyx (y). The connection between the first parameter--x--and the other one--y--has been observed in cases, when the value of the latter experienced both the seasonal oscillations (the coefficient of lineal correlation was: r = -0.87, P less than 0.

[Trigger mechanisms of the therapeutic effects of autologous transfusion of UV-irradiated blood (membranotropic effect on erythrocytes and thrombocytes)].

The article sums up numerous investigations of the authors on studying different parameters of membrane-dependent properties of erythrocytes and thrombocytes after UV irradiation of blood samples, mixing of irradiated and nonirradiated blood, transfusions of UV-irradiated auto blood. It was shown that membranotropic action of UV-irradiated blood and transfusion of UV-irradiated blood are responsible for rheological and hemostatic properties of blood.

[Functional and structural changes in the surface of human erythrocytes following irradiation with ultraviolet rays of various wave lengths. V. Modification of the glycocalyx in autotransfusions of UV-irradiated blood].

A study was made of the structural and functional state of the erythrocyte surface components of patients with ischemic heart disease, and of patients with ulcer disease during the treatment with UV-irradiated blood autotransfusions. The cytochemical and isoserological methods employed showed some structural disturbances in the state of erythrocyte, glycocalyx and its modification in the course of treatment. The clinical results of treatment correlated with these changes.

[Functional and structural changes in the surface of human erythrocytes after UV irradiation with rays of various wavelengths. IV. Changes in the physicochemical properties of autotransfused UV-irradiated blood].

Properties of erythrocyte surface were investigated for patients with ischemic heart disease in the course of treatment with the UV-irradiated blood autotransfusion (UVIBA). Application of methods of light-scattering, photometry and cytochemistry revealed rapid and significant changes in deformability and aggregation properties of the erythrocytes immediately following each UVIBA procedure, which was accompanied by considerable blood viscosity decrease.

[Functional and structural changes in the surface of human erythrocytes after irradiation by different wave lengths of UV rays. III. The immediate effect of the autotransfusion of UV-irradiated blood].

The autotransfusion of UV-irradiated blood (70-200 ml) results in the structural modification of cell surface in all the circulating erythrocytes of cardiological patients. The effect is registered within 1 hour after transfusion and involves some decrease in the distribution coefficient of erythrocytes registered in two-phase polymer system dextran-poly(ethylene glycol), which depends on membrane surface properties other than charge. This effect is suggested to be responsible for the main peculiarities of the therapeutic effect of UV-irradiated blood autotransfusion--high rate of appearance, prolongation and wide spectrum of the therapeutic action.