Weight and shape overvaluation and its relation to anxiety, depression, and maladaptive eating symptoms for patients up to 4 years after bariatric surgery.

Background: Weight and shape overvaluation (WSO; undue influence of weight and shape on self-evaluation) is common among individuals undergoing bariatric surgery. Little is known about how WSO relates to poorer outcomes for patients remote from surgery.

Objectives: To examine associations between WSO with anxiety and depression symptoms and various maladaptive eating behaviors in patients up to 4 years post-bariatric surgery.

Symptom validity indices for the Beck Depression Inventory-II: development and cross-validation in research and clinical samples.

The present study sought to cross validate the recently developed total score cut-off for the Beck Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II) and identify additional embedded symptom validity indices within this commonly used self-report depression measure. Study 1 included a research sample of 379 veterans with diagnostic subgroups of Current and Lifetime Depression and Current and Lifetime Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD). Study 2 included a clinical sample of 224 veterans with diagnostic subgroups of Current Depression, Lifetime Depression, and No Depression.

Views of Speech-Language Pathologists on Telepractice for Children Who Use Augmentative and Alternative Communication.

Telepractice has become increasingly utilized in disability services, particularly with recent and ongoing measures to slow the spread of the novel coronavirus (COVID-19). In this study, 361 speech-language pathologists (SLPs) responded to a national, web-based survey about their views on utilizing telepractice with children aged 3 to 21 who used aided augmentative and alternative communication (AAC), such as picture symbols or speech-generating devices. The views of SLPs varied, and SLPs who received training on AAC telepractice within the last 12 months had more positive views about telepractice than those who did not.

Utility of phosphatidylethanol testing as an objective measure of alcohol use during the preoperative evaluation for bariatric surgery.

Background: The risk of alcohol use disorder increases after bariatric surgery. Preoperative alcohol use is a risk factor, and this is evaluated during the routine preoperative psychosocial evaluation. However, it is not clear whether patients accurately report their alcohol use.

Graphing the Intersection of Rate and Fidelity in Single-Case Research.

Single-case research is a prevalent and useful method for evaluating the effects of interventions in special education research. A single-case graph "should make available all of the data that permit evaluation of the criteria for visual inspection, at the very least," while not misleading inspectors (Kazdin, 2011, p. 335).

Preparedness, Training, and Support for Augmentative and Alternative Communication Telepractice During the COVID-19 Pandemic.

Purpose: The global COVID-19 pandemic brought about widespread use of telepractice to provide services to children with communication disorders, including students who use aided augmentative and alternative communication (AAC) such as speech-generating devices. This descriptive quantitative study utilized network analysis to investigate the nature of speech-language pathologists' (SLPs') professional resource networks during the pandemic, including what aspects of their professional networks were associated with their confidence to use telepractice to serve students who use aided AAC and whether there were differences for school-based compared to nonschool-based SLPs.

Method: Participants were 283 SLPs who responded to an online survey that consisted of closed- and open-ended survey items.

Augmentative and Alternative Communication Telepractice During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A National Survey of Speech-Language Pathologists.

Purpose: The novel coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic has led to sudden, widespread use of telepractice, including providing services to children who use aided augmentative and alternative communication (AAC). This exploratory study examined speech-language pathologists' (SLPs) experiences using telepractice to provide services to children and youth aged 3-21 years who used aided AAC during the earlier months of the pandemic (May-June 2020).

Method: Three hundred thirty-one SLPs responded to an online survey.

A Multicenter Evaluation of a Firearm Safety Intervention in the Pediatric Outpatient Setting.

Purpose: Firearm injuries continue to be a common cause of injury for American children. This pilot study was developed to evaluate the feasibility of providing guidance about firearm safety to the parents of pediatric patients using a tablet-based module in the outpatient setting.

Methods: A tablet-based questionnaire that included a firearm safety message based on current best practice was administered to parents of pediatric patients at nine centers in 2018.

Immediate effect of pain neuroscience education for recent onset low back pain: an exploratory single arm trial.

: A prospective, single-arm, pre-postintervention study.: To determine the preliminary usefulness of providing pain neuroscience education (PNE) on improving pain and movement in patients presenting with non-chronic mechanical low back pain (LBP).: PNE has been shown to be an effective intervention for the treatment of chronic LBP but its usefulness in patients with non-chronic LBP has not been examined.

A boy and his AAC team: building instructional competence across team members.

Families and education professionals face unique challenges when working together to support augmentative and alternative communication (AAC) for a child who does not use speech and has only prelinguistic forms of communication. For this study, a family-school team was provided with a specially designed support package comprising training and one-on-one coaching in evidence-based instructional strategies. As part of a larger mixed methods investigation, a single-case experimental design was conducted to explore the effectiveness of the support package on facilitating team members' competence in AAC instruction and communication.

Social validity in single-case research: A systematic literature review of prevalence and application.

Background: Single-case research (SCR) has been a valuable methodology in special education research. Montrose Wolf (1978), an early pioneer in single-case methodology, coined the term "social validity" to refer to the social importance of the goals selected, the acceptability of procedures employed, and the effectiveness of the outcomes produced in applied investigations. Since 1978, many contributors to SCR have included social validity as a feature of their articles and several authors have examined the prevalence and role of social validity in SCR.

Comparison of the Neuroprotective and Anti-Inflammatory Effects of the Anthocyanin Metabolites, Protocatechuic Acid and 4-Hydroxybenzoic Acid.

Anthocyanins are being increasingly investigated for their neuroprotective and antineuroinflammatory effects; however, the overall bioavailability of many anthocyanins is relatively low. In contrast, phenolic acids, metabolites of many polyphenols, including anthocyanins, have been shown to accumulate in tissue at higher concentrations than those of parent compounds, suggesting that these metabolites may be the bioactive components of anthocyanin-rich diets. We examined the neuroprotective capacity of two common phenolic acids, 4-hydroxybenzoic acid (HBA) and protocatechuic acid (PCA), in primary cultures of cerebellar granule neurons.

The psychology of HPA axis activation: Examining subjective emotional distress and control in a phobic fear exposure model.

The HPA axis plays a key role in mediating the effects of "stress" on health, but clarifying mechanisms requires an understanding of psycho-biological linkages. There has long been an implicit assumption that subjective emotional distress (e.g.

Efficacy and Safety of Fondaparinux in Patients With Suspected Heparin-Induced Thrombocytopenia.

Objective: Heparin-induced thrombocytopenia (HIT) occurs in up to 5% of patients exposed to unfractionated heparin for 5 or more days. Direct thrombin inhibitors (DTIs) are currently the only Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved agents for the treatment of HIT. The purpose of this study is to determine whether fondaparinux is an appropriate first-line alternative anticoagulant in patients with suspected or confirmed HIT.

P3b, consciousness, and complex unconscious processing.

How can perceptual consciousness be indexed in humans? Recent work with ERPs suggests that P3b, a relatively late component, may be a neural correlate of consciousness (NCC). This proposal dovetails with currently prevailing cognitive theory regarding the nature of conscious versus unconscious processes, which holds that the latter are simple and very brief, whereas consciousness is ostensibly required for more durable, complex cognitive processing. Using a P3b oddball paradigm, we instead show that P3b and even later, related slow wave activity occur under rigorously subliminal conditions.

Extremely rigorous subliminal paradigms demonstrate unconscious influences on simple decisions.

While showing unconscious influences on complex decisions is indeed difficult, relevant awareness in relatively simpler subliminal paradigms is more easily assessed. Utilizing objective detection (vs. more typical identification or classification) tasks to assess awareness overcomes longstanding residual methodological problems, and prior work using such methods (e.

Teaching conceptually referenced core vocabulary for initial augmentative and alternative communication.

Individuals with significant intellectual disabilities who use augmentative and alternative communication (AAC) often fail to acquire large vocabularies. To maximize the functionality of a small vocabulary, AAC users' initial vocabulary typically consists of words that can be used frequently across contexts and functions (i.e.

Subliminal unconscious conflict alpha power inhibits supraliminal conscious symptom experience.

Our approach is based on a tri-partite method of integrating psychodynamic hypotheses, cognitive subliminal processes, and psychophysiological alpha power measures. We present ten social phobic subjects with three individually selected groups of words representing unconscious conflict, conscious symptom experience, and Osgood Semantic negative valence words used as a control word group. The unconscious conflict and conscious symptom words, presented subliminally and supraliminally, act as primes preceding the conscious symptom and control words presented as supraliminal targets.

Subliminal affect valence words change conscious mood potency but not valence: is this evidence for unconscious valence affect?

Whether or not affect can be unconscious remains controversial. Research claiming to demonstrate unconscious affect fails to establish clearly unconscious stimulus conditions. The few investigations that have established unconscious conditions fail to rule out conscious affect changes.

A suspension array immunoassay for the toxin simulant ovalbumin.

A microsphere-based suspension array (SA) system was used for the development and characterization of an immunoassay for the toxin simulant ovalbumin. Results obtained by SA immunoassay were compared with those obtained by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) using the same immunoreagents. The limit of detection (LOD) for the SA ovalbumin assay was 4.