Antimicrobial veterinary drug sale pattern in correlation with critically important antimicrobials for human use: A five-year study in Montenegro.

Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) poses a significant threat in veterinary medicine due to the excessive and inappropriate use of antimicrobial agents, compromising the effectiveness of these drugs. To combat AMR, the collection of data on the consumption of antibiotics is paramount, as there is a well-established connection between antibiotic use and AMR in both humans and food-producing animals. Hence, the current study aimed to generate measurable data concerning the sales patterns of antimicrobial drugs used in animal treatment in Montenegro over a five-year period (from 2017 to 2021).

Pharmacoeconomic Analysis of the Different Therapeutic Approaches in Control of Bovine Mastitis: Phytotherapy and Antimicrobial Treatment.

Mastitis in dairy cows is responsible for major economic losses on dairy farms worldwide as the most expensive and prevalent disease in dairy cattle. In spite of the fact that antibiotic therapy still remains the main treatment strategy for bovine mastitis, concerns about the shortcomings of this treatment approach are continuously raised. Hence, research on alternative treatments with increased effectiveness and reduced costs is needed.

Prevalence and clinical implications of the HPV16 infection in oral cancer in Montenegro - Evidence to support the immunization program.

Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) makes 85-95% of all malignances in the oral cavity. Increasing evidence shows that the Human Papillomaviruses (HPVs) are preferentially associated with some oropharyngeal and OSCCs, namely the genotype 16. The aim of the present study was to determine the prevalence and clinical implications of HPV16 infection in oral squamous cell carcinoma in population of Montenegro.

Risk factors for adverse drug reactions associated with clopidogrel therapy.

This study aimed to investigate the possible influence of genetic and non-genetic factors on the incidence of clopidogrel adverse drug reactions (ADRs) in cardiology patients, including the most important alleles, namely *2 and *17, as well as compliance, dose, drug interactions, and clinical factors. A total of 102 clopidogrel-treated adult Caucasian patients hospitalized at the Cardiology Department of the Clinical Center of Montenegro were enrolled in the study. Data on clinical outcomes of interest were obtained by intensive monitoring ADRs during hospitalization and one year after hospital discharge.

A Questionnaire for Rating Health-related Quality of Life.

Background: Translations of instruments for measuring quality of life developed in certain, mostly more developed, parts of the world usually do not cover regionally specific aspects of health-related quality of life, even after transcultural validation. The aim of this study was to develop and validate a reliable questionnaire in Serbian, Croatian, Bosnian, and Montenegrin languages suitable for measuring health-related quality of life in adults.

Methods: The study was of a cross-sectional type, assessing the reliability and validity of a newly developed questionnaire for measuring health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in adults residing in western Balkan states (WB-HRQoL).

Utilization of Mycophenolic Acid, Azathioprine, Tacrolimus, Cyclosporin, Sirolimus, and Everolimus: Multinational Study.

Organ transplantations are difficult, complicated and very expensive interventions. In order to preserve the transplanted organs, it is necessary to provide medical care to the patients in terms of immunosuppression. According to the guidelines, the first-line therapy choices for achieving immunosuppression after transplantation are tacrolimus, cyclosporine, mycophenolic acid, azathioprine, sirolimus, everolimus" and corticosteroids.

polymorphism in clopidogrel-treated Montenegrin patients.

Clopidogrel is an antiplatelet drug that displays significant interindividual variability in treatment response. Its bioavailability depends on the function of P-glycoprotein (P-gp), which is coded by a highly polymorphic gene. Thus, the aim of this study was to investigate the effect of genetic polymorphism on clopidogrel efficacy and safety and to determine the frequency distribution of its most common single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in 106 Montenegrin cardiology patients.

Factors affecting the development of adverse drug reactions to β-blockers in hospitalized cardiac patient population.

The aim of the present study was to undertake a study on the prevalence of cytochrome P450 2D6 (CYP2D6) poor metabolizer alleles (*3, *4, *5, and *6) on a Montenegrin population and its impact on developing adverse drug reactions (ADRs) of β-blockers in a hospitalized cardiac patient population. A prospective study was conducted in the Cardiology Center of the Clinical Center of Montenegro and included 138 patients who had received any β-blocker in their therapy. ADRs were collected using a specially designed questionnaire, based on the symptom list and any signs that could point to eventual ADRs.

Adverse drug reactions in hospitalized cardiac patients: characteristics and risk factors.

Background/aim: Adverse drug reactions (ADRs) appear more frequently than actually reported and registered. The main goal of our work was to analyze risk factors, incidence and characteristics of ADRs in hospitalized cardiac patients.

Methods: This prospective study included 200 patients, hospitalized at Cardiology Center of the Clinical Centre of Montenegro.