Publications by authors named "Sneha D Mallya"
Introduction: Understanding the patterns of utilisation of primary health services can help to improve service delivery and utilisation, thereby reducing common morbidities in the community. The study aimed to assess the patterns of utilisation of services provided at an outreach healthcare centre.
Methods: A community-based survey was conducted among families residing in the field practice area of an outreach centre for more than a year.
Introduction: Optimum blood pressure (BP) control is essential to prevent complications and improve the quality of life of patients with hypertension. This study aimed to explore the determinants of BP control in patients with hypertension on treatment without any other comorbidities.
Method: The study was conducted among 429 patients with essential hypertension aged > 30 years residing in four villages of a taluk/tahsil in a South Indian state.
Screening for palliative care needs in the community using SPICT.
Med J Armed Forces India
September 2021
Article Synopsis
- The study aimed to assess palliative care needs in rural Udupi district, recognizing that integration into primary health care is hindered by limited capacity.
- Using the Supportive and Palliative Care Indicators Tool - 4ALL, researchers screened a sample of 2041 community participants, finding that only 4.31% met the criteria for requiring palliative care.
- The findings highlighted that non-cancer conditions, particularly cardiovascular diseases, dementia, and frailty, were more prevalent as palliative care needs compared to cancer, with age and presence of chronic illnesses being significant factors.
Article Synopsis
- - The study assessed the health status of the Koraga tribe in Udupi district, focusing on both adults (273 participants) and children (94 participants), to gather data for effective health intervention planning.
- - Findings revealed significant health issues, including a high prevalence of malnutrition among adults (47.6% underweight and 35.2% anemic) and children (30.7% and 42.3% below growth percentiles, respectively), alongside elevated blood pressure and blood sugar levels.
- - The results indicate the need for tailored health initiatives, as malnutrition and related health problems are common in the Koraga community, especially in individuals aged 45 and older, and among overweight or obese individuals.
Background: In the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic, an increased incidence of ROCM was noted in India among those infected with COVID. We determined risk factors for rhino-orbito-cerebral mucormycosis (ROCM) post Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) among those never and ever hospitalized for COVID-19 separately through a multicentric, hospital-based, unmatched case-control study across India.
Methods: We defined cases and controls as those with and without post-COVID ROCM, respectively.
Strengthening tobacco control policies during the COVID-19 pandemic in India.
Clin Epidemiol Glob Health
May 2022
Problem Considered: The aim of this paper was to support policy makers to make informed decisions regarding public health response in general, and tobacco control interventions particularly, in the context of COVID-19.
Methods: An online cross-sectional survey using a semi-structured questionnaire was conducted in the year 2020 with stakeholders in tobacco control and public health experts from private and government organizations. Information pertaining to background characteristics of study participants and impact of pandemic on tobacco use and means to leverage tobacco control policy was collected.
Multiplexed technologies for sexually transmitted infections offer a convenient diagnostics option to screen, confirm, and treat multiple pathogens simultaneously. Due to scarce published real-world diagnostic performance data, we did a systematic review. Two reviewers searched major databases for data published between Jan 1, 2009, and April 20, 2020, and abstracted and analysed sensitivity and specificity data from 24 studies, which assessed 17 multiplex rapid nucleic acid amplification test platforms and seven multiplex immunochromatographic devices.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Reproductive well-being is a crucial element of women's health. Due to the asymptomatic nature of gynaecological morbidities, women rarely seek medical advice in the initial period leading to delayed diagnosis and poor prognosis of subsequent disease. The present study aimed to explore the cervical cytology and its associated risk factors among women from tribal communities of the southern part of coastal Karnataka, India.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFLonger survival due to use of antiretroviral therapy (ART) has made human immunodeficiency virus- (HIV-) infected individuals prone to chronic diseases such as diabetes, hypertension, and cardiovascular diseases (CVD). Metabolic syndrome (MS), a constellation of risk factors which increase chances of the cardiovascular disease and diabetes, can increase the morbidity and mortality among this population. Hence, the present study was conducted with the objectives of estimating the prevalence and determinants of MS among ART naïve and ART-treated patients and assess their 5-year CVD risk using the reduced version of Data Collection on Adverse Effects of Anti-HIV Drugs (D : A : D) risk prediction model (D : A : D(R)).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFArticle Synopsis
- Cervical cancer is a major health issue for women in India, particularly among tribal communities in coastal Karnataka, where awareness and screening are lacking despite the availability of methods to detect the disease.
- A study involving 1,140 women aged 20-65 revealed that while most had heard of cervical cancer, only a small percentage knew it could be prevented or detected early, and none had undergone screening.
- The findings highlight a significant gap in knowledge about cervical cancer, indicating a need for targeted health education and organized screening programs to improve awareness and encourage preventive measures among these women.
Article Synopsis
- Cervical cancer remains a significant health issue despite being preventable, with HPV and other viral infections influencing cervical dysplasia, particularly in southern coastal Karnataka, India.
- A study surveyed 2,240 women (1,140 tribal and 1,100 from the general population) to assess the prevalence of cervical infections using advanced techniques like PCR and DNA sequencing.
- Findings revealed a higher HPV prevalence in tribal women (40.6%) compared to the general population (14.3%), while EBV and CMV were more common in the general population; the study also noted specific risk factors and urged further research on the interactions between multiple viral infections and cancer development.