In vitro effects of uncarboxylated osteocalcin on buffalo Leydig cell steroidogenesis.

Uncarboxylated osteocalcin (UcOCN), a bone derived circulating protein, has been demonstrated to influence steroidogenesis in testicular Leydig cells of murine and human species. However, the role of UcOCN in testosterone biosynthesis remains unexplored in domestic animals. The present study aimed to investigate the impact of UcOCN on the expressions of steroidogenic genes (HSD3β1, HSD3β6, CYP17A1, CYP11A1), testosterone production and GPRC6A receptor localization in buffalo Leydig cells.

Production and characterization of monoclonal antibodies against foot-and-mouth disease virus serotype O and development of a sandwich ELISA for virus antigen detection.

Foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) is endemic in India with a majority of outbreaks caused by FMD virus (FMDV) serotype O. In the present study a panel of eight (2F9, 2G10, 3B9, 3H5, 4C8, 4D6, 4G10 and 5B6) mouse monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) were developed against FMDV serotype O Indian vaccine strain, O/IND/R2/75 via hybridoma systems. The MAbs generated were FMDV/O specific without cross-reactivity against FMDV type A and Asia 1.

Foot-and-mouth disease status in India during the second decade of the twenty-first century (2011-2020).

Foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) is a major disease of livestock in India and causes huge economic losses. The formal FMD control program started in 2003-04 in selected districts and was gradually expanded. The present study provides a descriptive review of the FMD outbreaks, prevalent serotypes, and genetic and antigenic features of the FMD virus (FMDV) that circulated in the country between 2011 and 2020.

Regenerated silica-based RNA purification columns to address the short supply of RNA purification kits for COVID-19 diagnosis.

Background: RT-qPCR technique is the current world-wide method used for the early detection of SARS-CoV2 RNA in the suspected clinical samples. Viral RNA extraction is the key pre-analytical step for SARS-CoV2 detection which often achieved using commercial RNA-extraction kits. However, due to the COVID-19 pandemic, bulk production and the supply chains for the commercial RNA-extraction kit have been seriously compromised.

Short communication: preliminary observations on the serum levels of HSP70 and its correlation with serum cortisol, thyroid hormones, and acute-phase protein concentration in cattle naturally infected with foot-and-mouth disease virus.

The study aimed to explore the serum levels of HSP70 and identify its possible association with serum cortisol, thyroid hormones, and acute-phase protein concentrations in cattle naturally infected with foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) virus. After the FMD outbreak in an organized dairy cattle farm in India, blood samples were obtained from clinically infected (n = 40) and apparently healthy (n = 30) animals. Samples were processed and tested by an in-house DIVA assay for confirmation of FMD infection.

Responsiveness of prepubertal crossbred bull calves to exogenous GnRH and its impact on reproductive hormones under tropical conditions.

This study investigated the age related variations in luteinizing hormone (LH), androstenedione, testosterone, and total estrogens response to exogenous gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) in Holstein-Friesian (HF) × Tharparkar bull calves. Fifteen bull calves were selected and, based on their age, were divided into Group I (14-16 months, n = 5), Group II (9-12 months, n = 5), and Group III (6-8 months, n = 5). All bull calves were administered with 10 µg of GnRH intramuscularly.

Development and validation of a simple, sensitive enzyme immunoassay for quantification of androstenedione in bull plasma.

As an alternative to radioimmunoassay a simple and highly sensitive enzyme immunoassay (EIA) was developed and validated for androstenedione quantification in plasma of Karan Fries bulls using second antibody coating technique. The wells of the microtitreplate were coated with affinity-purified goat immunoglobulin (antirabbit IgG) that binds the hormone specific antibody. The EIA was performed to analyze androstenedione directly in 40 μl of bull plasma.

Effects of supplementation of Tinospora cordifolia to crossbred cows peripartum.

Guduchi (Tinospora cordifolia), a medicinal plant used in ayurveda, is well documented for its immunomodulatory properties. Since the crossbred periparturient cow is highly susceptible to various diseases that effectively reduces its reproductive performance postpartum we explored the possibility of enhancing the reproductive performance of crossbred cows by guduchi supplementation peripartum. A total of 15 pregnant Karan Fries cows were selected and divided into two groups: treatment group of 8 cows which were supplemented with guduchi at 60 g/day for 45 days prepartum and 120 g/day for 45 days postpartum and unsupplemented control group of 7 cows.