Prevalence of maternal depression and anxiety symptoms and associations with child mental health outcomes in rural Nepal.

Objectives: This study describes the prevalence, associated factors and child mental health outcomes related to symptoms of maternal depression and anxiety within 5 years after childbirth in a rural district in Nepal. This association is not well-understood in rural, community-based settings in low- and middle-income countries (LMIC).

Methods: A sample of 347 women with children under 5 years was recruited in September 2019 for a cross-sectional study in the rural Saptari district in Nepal.

The investigation of bone fracture healing under intramembranous and endochondral ossification.

After trauma, fractured bone starts healing directly through bone union or indirectly through callus formation process. Intramembranous and endochondral ossification are two commonly known mechanisms of indirect healing. The present study investigated the bone fracture healing under intramembranous and endochondral ossification by developing theoretical models in conjunction with performing a series of animal experiments.

Effects of dynamic loading on fracture healing under different locking compression plate configurations: A finite element study.

The design of patient specific weight-bearing exercises after the surgical implementation of internal fixations is of critical importance for bone fracture healing. The purpose of this study is to theoretically investigate the effects of physiologically relevant dynamic loading on early stage of fracture healing under different locking compression plate (LCP) configurations. The finite element results show that dynamic loading enhanced transport of bone cells and growth factors in the fracture callus is much dependent on the flexibility of LCP.

Role of Dynamic Loading on Early Stage of Bone Fracture Healing.

After fracture, mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and growth factors migrate into the fracture callus to exert their biological actions. Previous studies have indicated that dynamic loading induced tissue deformation and interstitial fluid flow could produce a biomechanical environment which significantly affects the healing outcomes. However, the fundamental relationship between the various loading regimes and different healing outcomes has not still been fully understood.