[Effect of laser irradiation of different intensities on the processes of healing of stomach ulcers].

Patients with stubborn peptic ulcers were exposed to copper vapor laser of various intensities with similar irradiation energy. The best therapeutic effect (more rapid ulcer healing) was achieved when ulcer bottom and edges were exposed to laser of higher intensity; the effect is explained by a higher stimulation of inflammation and a more rapid and clear-cut restructuring of connective-tissue stroma on ulcer bottom.

[Isolation of Campylobacter pylori].

A total of 424 patients with gastroduodenal ulcers were examined. Spot biopsy specimens of gastroduodenal tissue were examined by histologic and microbiologic methods. Both methods equally frequently detected C.

[Campylobacter pylori and early relapse of peptic ulcer].

A study is presented of Campylobacter infestation of the gastric mucosa and frequency of recurrence of duodenal ulcer in these patients. It was established that maintained infestation of the gastric mucosa is despite healing of the ulcer an unfavourable prognostic factor concerning immediate recurrences of duodenal ulcers. Early recurrences of the ulcer develop more frequently in patients with maintained infestation of the gastric mucosa with Campylobacter pylori.

[Apoptosis and regeneration of the gastric mucosa under the action of S-phase-specific agent, hydroxyurea].

The treatment of periodic injections of hydroxyurea to mice on the processes of regeneration in gastric mucosa was studied. In all experimental groups of animals dystrophic and atrophic changes of gastric mucosa could be observed. The phenomena of dystrophy were more pronounced.

[Campylobacter pyloridis in duodenal ulcer].

A morphologic study of antral gastric and duodenal mucosa was carried out in patients with duodenal ulcers. Peptic ulcers were in the phase of exacerbation in 55 patients, and that of remission, in 10. Campylobacter pyloridis (CP) were detected in 83% of the cases by histologic investigation of gastric and duodenal mucosa biopsy specimens obtained from patients with duodenal ulcers.

[Campylobacter pyloridis in peptic ulcer].

To study the role of Campylobacter pyloridis (CP) in the etiology of peptic ulcer and chronic gastritis, biopsies were obtained from gastric and duodenal mucosa of 54 ulcer patients and 8 healthy controls. In normal histological appearance and moderate gastritis without signs of exacerbation CP were not registered contrary to atrophic antral gastritis demonstrating CP irrespective of ulcer location. CP resided on the epithelium under the mucous layer between epitheliocytes.

[Apoptosis and regeneration of enterocytes in experimental atrophy of the small intestine mucosa].

Apoptosis, one of the types of cell deaths, participates in regulating the size of regenerated tissue. Severe atrophy of small intestine mucosa in mice was caused by the administration of hydroxyurea solution. The degree of atrophy correlated with a lowering mitotic activity and DNA synthesis in the epithelium of crypts.

[Dysplasia and early stomach cancer].

Biopsy and operative material was used to study the incidence and significance of different degrees of dysplasia in precancerous diseases and gastric cancer, its evolution and pathognomonic features, with various morphological methods. It is shown that mild and moderate dysplasia is indistinguishable from regenerative changes in gastritis, erosions and gastric ulcer, it can undergo involution or malignization. A marker of enhanced risk of gastric cancer is severe dysplasia which is often multicentric.

[G1 and G2 chalones of the gastric mucosa].

A study was made of the action of human gastric mucosa G1 and G2 chalones on cellular regeneration of mouse gastric mucosa and of the duration of their maximal effect. Chalone fractions were obtained from the mucous membranes of 21 stomachs resected for peptic ulcer by the method of fractional ethanol precipitation. The data indicate that the maximal inhibitory action of G1 chalone occurs in 3, whereas that of chalone G2 in 6 hours.

[State of regenerative processes in the mucosa of the small intestine in celiac disease in adults (gluten enteropathy)].

Biopsies of the small intestine mucosa were studied in 60 patients among which celiac disease was diagnosed in 35 after clinico-morphological examinations and chronic enteritis in 25. Apart from histological and histochemical methods, autoradiography of biopsies with 3H-thymidine was used. The study showed that atrophy of the small intestine mucosa in celiac disease in adults was of hyperregeneratory nature which was manifested by deepening of the crypts and increased number of DNA-synthesizing enterocytes.

[Late treatment results with a gluten-free diet in celiac disease in adults].

The efficacy of the treatment with an agluten diet of celiac disease of the adults was studied in 45 patients over time, the observation periods ranging from 6 months to 6 years. The results were assessed from the patients' clinical examination that included study of absorption function of the small intestine (daily mass and fat loss with feces, absorption of D-xylose), determination of hemoglobin, total protein in blood serum, and morphological study of the jejunum mucosa obtained on aspiration enterobiopsy. Analysis of the data has shown that the patients who strictly observed the agluten diet noted a clinical remission with a tendency towards morphological improvement of the structure of small intestinal mucosa.

[Characteristics of the reparative processes in the gastric mucosa in gastroduodenal ulcer].

Comparative studies of reparative processes in the gastric mucosa were carried out in 96 experimental mice with acute (immobilization) and chronic (acetic acid applications) gastric ulcerations. The common features in both models of ulcerations were revealed: (1) marked reduction of the regeneratory potentials of the epithelium of the entire gastric mucosa early in the ulcer formation as an expression of a stress-reaction; (2) gradual increase of a proliferation pool more marked at the site of the ulcer formation; (3) a sharp increase in the number of DNA-synthesizing cells in the ulcer edges by the time of its morphological formation; (4) extension of the zone of DNA-synthesizing cells with the progression of proliferative processes in the gastric mucosa. The time course of morphological alterations in the gastric mucosa developing in immobilization stress and acetic acid applications reflects the regularities of the development of both local and general reactions of the compensatory-adaptative nature.

[Dynamics of DNA synthesis in the gastric mucosa in ulcer].

Anomalous DNA synthesis was seen in the stomach mucosa of mice with experimental stomach ulcer during different phases of the ulcerous process, using histoautoradiography. At the early stage of ulcer formation a decrease in the label index (LI) is seen. Formation of the ulcer, morphologically similar to the shronic one, is accompanied by growth of the number of DNA-synthesizing cells in its margins.