Gold(I)-Catalyzed Nucleophilic Propargylations of Azinium Ions via Hydroxydihydroazine Intermediates.

The nucleophilic propargylation of azinium ions with a propargylboronate proceeds efficiently under gold(I) catalysis. A range of N-alkylated pyridinium, quinolinium, and pyrazinium ions undergo propargylation with good yields and high regioselectivities to give various functionalized 1,4-dihydropyridines, 1,2-dihydropyridines, 1,4-dihydroquinolines, 1,2-dihydroquinolines, and 4,5-dihydropyrazines. No allenylation side-products are observed.

Inoperable malignant bowel obstruction: palliative interventions outcomes - mixed-methods systematic review.

Background: Parenteral nutrition (PN) and palliative venting gastrostomies (PVG) are two interventions used clinically to manage inoperable malignant bowel obstruction (MBO); however, little is known about their role in clinical and quality-of-life outcomes to inform clinical decision making.

Aim: To examine the impact of PN and PVG on clinical and quality-of-life outcomes in inoperable MBO.

Design: A mixed-methods systematic review and narrative synthesis.

Articaine Infiltrations of the Mandibular Lateral Incisor-Is It Volume or Location of the Infiltrations That Affect Success? A Prospective, Randomized Crossover Study.

Introduction: A combination labial infiltration (1.8 mL) plus lingual infiltration (1.8 mL) of 4% articaine with 1:100,000 epinephrine in the mandibular lateral incisor was found superior to a labial infiltration of 1.

Patient Self-Testing of Kidney Function at Home, a Prospective Clinical Feasibility Study in Kidney Transplant Recipients.

Introduction: People with long-term health conditions often attend clinics for kidney function tests. The Self-Testing Own Kidneys (STOK) study assessed feasibility of kidney transplant recipients using hand-held devices to self-test kidney function at home and investigated agreement between home self-test and standard clinic test results.

Methods: A prospective, observational, single-center, clinical feasibility study (TRN: ISRCTN68116915), with  = 15 stable kidney transplant recipients, investigated blood potassium and creatinine results agreement between index self-tests at home (patient self-testing of capillary blood, using Abbott i-STAT Alinity analyzers [i-STAT]) and reference tests in clinic (staff sampled venous blood, analyzed with laboratory Siemens Advia Chemistry XPT analyzer) using Bland-Altman and error grid analysis.

The experiences of physiotherapy independent prescribing in primary care: implications for practice.

Aim: To explore the experiences of musculoskeletal (MSk) physiotherapy independent prescribing in primary care from the perspectives of physiotherapists and General Practitioners (GPs) and identify the implications these have for contemporary physiotherapy practice in primary care.

Background: Legislative change in the United Kingdom (UK) in 2013 enabled physiotherapists holding a postgraduate non-medicalprescribing qualification to independently prescribe certain drugs that assist in patient management. Independent prescribing by physiotherapists is a relatively contemporary development in role change and purpose, occurring alongside the development of physiotherapy first contact practitioner (FCP) roles in primary care.

Self-Compassion in Chinese Young Adults: Its Measurement and Measurement Construct.

Objectives: Self-compassion is the ability to be kind to oneself in adversity. This multidimensional construct is typically assessed by the Self-Compassion Scale (SCS). In Chinese samples, there have been inconsistent psychometric findings that impede cross-cultural research.

Experiences of eating difficulties in siblings of people with anorexia nervosa: a reflexive thematic analysis.

Background: Siblings of people with anorexia nervosa (AN) have been found to experience strong emotions, changing family roles and poorer wellbeing as a consequence of experiencing the effects of the illness on their sibling and family system. These factors, combined with genetic influences, may put siblings at an increased risk of developing eating disorder psychopathology in addition to other mental health issues. This research aims to explore the experiences of siblings of people with AN who have had eating difficulties themselves and investigate issues that may be important to the development and prevention of eating difficulties in this population.

Understanding and supporting peer relationships in adolescents with acquired brain injury: A stakeholder engagement study.

Peer relationship difficulties in adolescents with acquired brain injury (ABI) are under-recognized and targets for intervention are unclear. From a social constructionist position, this study aimed to engage with stakeholders to develop a collaborative understanding of peer relationship difficulties in adolescents with ABI and seek consultation on what might be required to improve them. Focus groups and semi-structured interviews were conducted with four stakeholder groups: adolescents with ABI ( = 4); parents of adolescents with ABI ( = 7); adults who sustained an ABI in adolescence ( = 2); and specialist practitioners ( = 3).

"If It Goes Horribly Wrong the Whole World Descends on You": The Influence of Fear, Vulnerability, and Powerlessness on Police Officers' Response to Victims of Head Injury in Domestic Violence.

Domestic violence (DV) victims face significant barriers to accessing healthcare. This is particularly concerning in cases of brain injury (BI), which is difficult to diagnose and risks severe long-term consequences for DV victims. Police may be able to identify head injury (HI) and signpost victims to healthcare.

Optimising clinical effectiveness and quality along the atrial fibrillation anticoagulation pathway: an economic analysis.

Background: Atrial fibrillation (AF) represents the most common sustained cardiac arrhythmia. A service evaluation was carried out at an anticoagulation clinic in Newcastle upon-Tyne to explore the efficacy of introducing self-testing of anticoagulation status for AF patients on warfarin. The analysis presented aims to assess the potential cost savings and clinical outcomes associated with introducing self-testing at a clinic in the Northeast of England, and to determine the cost-effectiveness of a redesigned treatment pathway including genetic testing and self-testing components.

What are people's experiences of orthorexia nervosa? A qualitative study of online blogs.

Purpose: Orthorexia nervosa (ON) is a proposed new eating disorder, used to describe a pathological obsession with healthy or 'clean' eating. Although some quantitative research has been carried out in ON, very little qualitative work has been published to date to explore individual experiences of ON. Thus, this study aimed to explore individuals' personal experiences of ON, as described in online blogs.

Clinical and cost-effectiveness of teen online problem-solving for adolescents who have survived an acquired brain injury in the UK: protocol for a randomised, controlled feasibility study (TOPS-UK).

Introduction: Paediatric acquired brain injury is a leading cause of mortality in children in the UK. Improved treatment during the acute phase has led to increased survival rates, although with life-long morbidity in terms of social and emotional functioning. This is the protocol for a feasibility randomised controlled trial with an embedded qualitative study and feasibility economic evaluation.

Enablers and Barriers to Registered Nurses Expanding Their Scope of Practice in Australia: A Cross-Sectional Study.

A number of resources exist to assist registered nurses in Australia to determine their scope of practice; however, the ability of a professional nurse to expand his or her practice is highly context dependent. This article reports on barriers and enablers to expanding scope of practice, as identified by registered nurses across Australia. A cross-sectional survey administered online in 2016 returned 1,205 useable submissions.

Effects of local authority expenditure on childhood obesity.

Background: Under the 2013 reforms introduced by the Health and Social Care Act (2012), public health responsibilities in England were transferred from the National Health Service to local authorities (LAs). Ring-fenced grants were introduced to support the new responsibilities. The aim of our study was to test whether the level of expenditure in 2013/14 affected the prevalence of childhood obesity in 2016/17.

How registered nurses determine their scope of practice: a cross-sectional study.

In respect of professional nursing, the term scope of practice is regularly used, yet is often poorly defined both in Australia and internationally. This study explores the determinants of scope of practice from a national sample of Australian registered nurses using an online survey (Scope-QAu). This paper reports on two parts of a large cross-sectional survey wherein 1231 registered nurses in Australia provided data on how they determined their scope of practice.

Local authority commissioning of NHS Health Checks: A regression analysis of the first three years.

In April 2013, the public health function was transferred from the NHS to local government, making local authorities (LAs) responsible for commissioning the NHS Health Check programme. The programme aims to reduce preventable mortality and morbidity in people aged 40-74. The national five-year ambition is to invite all eligible individuals and to achieve an uptake of 75%.

Exploring the paradox: A cross-sectional study of academic dishonesty among Australian nursing students.

Background: Universities' responsibility to ensure academic integrity is frustrated by software and communication tools that facilitate content reuse coupled with a growing international essay writing economy. A wide range of behaviours constitute academic dishonesty and while a complex phenomenon to examine, existing evidence suggests that there is sufficient proliferation (both in volume and variety) of these behaviours among Australian university students to warrant concern. This proliferation presents faculty and staff with new challenges in ensuring academic integrity.

Directors of public health as 'a protected species': qualitative study of the changing role of public health professionals in England following the 2013 reforms.

Background: The Health and Social Care Act 2012 gave councils in England responsibility for improving the health of their populations. Public health teams were transferred from the National Health Service (NHS), accompanied by a ring-fenced public health grant. This study examines the changing role of these teams within local government.

Registered nurse scope of practice in Australia: an integrative review of the literature.

The nursing profession comprises Australia's largest regulated health workforce yet its practice boundaries are poorly understood. The ambiguity surrounding the practice scope of nurses limits the profession's ability to fully respond to Australia's current and emerging health system challenges. The aim of this review is to explore the concept of scope of practice of registered nurses (RN) in Australia, as reflected in contemporary literature.

The paradox of dementia: Changes in assimilation after receiving a diagnosis of dementia.

This qualitative study used semi-structured interviews to explore how six people talked about their difficulties before and after a dementia diagnosis. Participants' accounts of their memory problems were analysed in terms of the verbal Markers of Assimilation of Problematic Voices Scale. This analysis indicated that after diagnosis some participants were able to integrate aspects of their illness that had previously been too painful, and which had been warded off.

A comparison of cardiovascular risk indices in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome with and without coexisting nonalcoholic fatty liver disease.

Background: Women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) have an adverse cardiovascular risk profile and an increased prevalence of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), which is also associated with an adverse cardiovascular risk profile.

Objective: To compare the cardiovascular risk profile of women with PCOS alone and women with PCOS and NAFLD.

Design, Setting And Participants: Twenty-five oligoanovulatory women with PCOS were screened for NAFLD (including liver biopsy if appropriate) and had their cardiovascular risk factors measured which included the inflammatory marker C-reactive protein (CRP), endothelial function {measured using endoPAT 2000 and serum markers [intracellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1), vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1), E-selectin and P-selectin]}, clot structure and function [maximum absorbance (MA) and lysis potential (LT)].

Building an online community to promote communication and collaborative learning between health professionals and young people who self-harm: an exploratory study.

Background: Online communities are known to break down barriers between supposed experts and non-experts and to promote collaborative learning and 'radical trust' among members. Young people who self-harm report difficulties in communicating with health professionals, and vice versa.

Aim: We sought to bring these two groups together online to see how well they could communicate with each other about self-harm and its management, and whether they could agree on what constituted safe and relevant advice.

Developing an online learning community for mental health professionals and service users: a discursive analysis.

Background: There is increasing interest in online collaborative learning tools in health education, to reduce costs, and to offer alternative communication opportunities. Patients and students often have extensive experience of using the Internet for health information and support, and many health organisations are increasingly trying out online tools, while many healthcare professionals are unused to, and have reservations about, online interaction.

Methods: We ran three week-long collaborative learning courses, in which 19 mental health professionals (MHPs) and 12 mental health service users (MHSUs) participated.