A comprehensive neuroimaging review of the primary and metastatic brain tumors treated with immunotherapy: current status, and the application of advanced imaging approaches and artificial intelligence.

Cancer immunotherapy has emerged as a novel clinical therapeutic option for a variety of solid tumors over the past decades. The application of immunotherapy in primary and metastatic brain tumors continues to grow despite limitations due to the physiological characteristics of the immune system within the central nervous system (CNS) and distinct pathological barriers of malignant brain tumors. The post-immunotherapy treatment imaging is more complex.

Association of prolonged emergency department length of stay and venous thrombo-embolism prophylaxis and outcomes in trauma: A nation-wide secondary analysis.

Introduction: The impact of prolonged emergency department length of stay (EDLOS) on appropriately timed pharmacological venous thromboembolism prophylaxis (VTEp) and VTE outcomes is unknown in trauma.

Methods: Retrospective cohort study of adult patients admitted to civilian trauma centers participating in the American College of Surgeons' TQIP (2019-2021). Patients with severe solid organ, head, or spine injury, early hemorrhage control intervention, pre-existing home anticoagulation or bleeding disorder, inter-facility transfer or early discharge, and injury severity score ≤9 were excluded.

Colocalization of hedgehog arterivirus 1 (HhAV-1) and histologic lesions in the European hedgehog () with neurological disease.

The European hedgehog () is a protected species of conservation concern in the UK. In recent years, there have been multiple incidents of fatal encephalitis in captive hedgehogs in wildlife rescue centers associated with the molecular detection of a hedgehog arterivirus (HhAV-1). However, it remains unclear whether the virus is the causative agent of the central nervous system (CNS) lesions.

Research Priorities for Autonomous Sensory Meridian Response: An Interdisciplinary Delphi Study.

Autonomous Sensory Meridian Response (ASMR) is a multisensory experience most often associated with feelings of relaxation and altered consciousness, elicited by stimuli which include whispering, repetitive movements, and close personal attention. Since 2015, ASMR research has grown rapidly, spanning disciplines from neuroscience to media studies but lacking a collaborative or interdisciplinary approach. To build a cohesive and connected structure for ASMR research moving forwards, a modified Delphi study was conducted with ASMR experts, practitioners, community members, and researchers from various disciplines.

Foliage age affects pupal weight and development time, but not diapause induction in the biological control agent Hypena opulenta (Lepidoptera: Erebidae).

Facultative diapause is a life history trait that allows insects to undergo continuous development when conditions are favorable or to enter diapause when they are not. Insect voltinism can have an impact on the success of a weed-biological control agent because additional generations can increase agent population growth and reduce late-season recovery in the target weed. The most common factors that cue diapause are photoperiod and temperature; however, the role of nutrition is increasingly being recognized.

Impact of Time in Therapeutic Range on Adverse Events in Atrial Fibrillation Patients in an Ambulatory Care Setting.

This study examines the correlation between time-in-therapeutic range (TTR) and anticoagulation-related adverse events (AEs) in patients with atrial fibrillation (Afib) in a pharmacist-managed ambulatory care clinic. A single-center, retrospective cohort study was conducted at a community hospital-based outpatient anticoagulation clinic to investigate the predictive value of suboptimal TTR percentages for hemorrhagic or thromboembolic events in Afib patients. Eligible participants were aged 18 years or older, diagnosed with Afib, and receiving warfarin therapy as current or past enrollees in the anticoagulation management program.

New York State Climate Impacts Assessment Chapter 07: Human Health and Safety.

New Yorkers face a multitude of health and safety risks that are exacerbated by a changing climate. These risks include direct impacts from extreme weather events and other climate hazards, as well as indirect impacts occurring through a chain of interactions. Physical safety, physical health, and mental health are all part of the equation-as are the many nonclimate factors that interact with climate change to influence health outcomes.

Versican controlled by Lmx1b regulates hyaluronate density and hydration for semicircular canal morphogenesis.

During inner ear semicircular canal morphogenesis in zebrafish, patterned canal-genesis zones express genes for extracellular matrix component synthesis. These include hyaluronan and the hyaluronan-binding chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan Versican, which are abundant in the matrices of many developing organs. Charged hyaluronate polymers play a key role in canal morphogenesis through osmotic swelling.

Prosthetic valve infective endocarditis due to Burkholderia pseudomallei: A case report and review of the literature.

Endocarditis is a very rare complication of Burkholderia pseudomallei infection and prosthetic valve endocarditis rarer still. We present, to our knowledge, the first confirmed Australian case of prosthetic valve endocarditis in a patient with melioidosis. Blood cultures were persistently positive for B.

Quantifying patterns of microbial community assembly processes in bioreactors using different approaches leads to variable results.

Engineered bioreactors play a vital role in many processes to convert wastes to resources, such as biological wastewater treatment, bioremediation, and conversion of solid waste to methane in landfills. These biological systems rely on communities of microbes to convert waste to valuable resources. A central aspect of the design and operation of bioreactors involves an understanding of microbial community composition and dynamics, including the assembly processes through which they form.

New species and new records of Xylosandrus Reitter, 1913 (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae: Xyleborini) from China.

Two new species of ambrosia beetles Xylosandrus Reitter, 1913 (Scolytinae: Xyleborini), Xylosandrus luokengensis Lin & Gao sp. nov. and Xylosandrus nanlingensis Lin & Gao sp.

A taxonomic review of Sueus Murayama, 1951 ambrosia beetles (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae: Hyorrhynchini) aided by molecular phylogenetic analyses.

Four Sueus Murayama, 1951 species occur in Southeast Asia and Oceania. They all likely have a female-biased haplodiploid inbreeding mating system and feed on symbiotic ambrosia fungi. These life history traits increase the potential of adventive events.

Four new species of Arixyleborus Hopkins, 1915, ambrosia beetles from Thailand (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae: Xyleborini).

Four new species, Arixyleborus halabala Sittichaya, Beaver & Smith sp. nov., Arixyleborus longicauda Sittichaya, Beaver & Smith sp.

Local control and patient survival after stereotactic radiosurgery for esophageal cancer brain metastases: an international multicenter analysis.

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate local control (LC) of tumors, patient overall survival (OS), and the safety of stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) for esophageal cancer brain metastases (EBMs).

Methods: This retrospective cohort study used data from 15 International Radiosurgery Research Foundation facilities encompassing 67 patients with 185 EBMs managed using SRS between January 2000 and May 2022. The median patient age was 63 years, with a male predominance (92.

Comparison of Survivorship Care Guidelines for Patients With Lymphoma: Recommendations for Harmonization and Future Research Agenda.

Purpose: Lymphomas are a heterogeneous group of diseases that develop in individuals of all ages and have variable prognoses. Improved survival resulting from therapy advances has led to the emergence of diverse late effects. Although several (US)-based organizations have developed survivorship guidelines, the distinct features of lymphoma subtypes and diverse therapies used raise concerns regarding their applicability to lymphoma survivors.

The gender gap in expert voices: Evidence from economics.

In economics, as in other domains, male experts are overrepresented in public debates. The underlying reason for this is unclear. A demand-side explanation is that female experts are less frequently asked to give their opinion; a supply-side explanation is that, conditional on being asked, female experts are less willing to give their opinion.

Metabolic Profiles of Critical Care Patients to Confirm Sepsis and Further Understand the Metabolic Phenotype of Sepsis.

Sepsis remains a major concern in health care globally. Despite decades of research, incidence is on the rise, and mortality remains high. Costs are staggering.

Strategies to Implement a Community-Based, Longitudinal Cohort Study: The Whole Communities-Whole Health Case Study.

This paper discusses the implementation of the Whole Communities-Whole Health (WCWH) initiative, which is a community-based, longitudinal cohort study. WCWH seeks to better understand the impact of location on family health and child development while also providing support for families participating in the study. Implementing a longitudinal study that is both comprehensive in the data it is collecting and inclusive in the population it is representing is what makes WCWH extremely challenging.

Barriers and enablers to the management of osteoarthritis in primary care in Ireland from the perspective of healthcare professionals and individuals with osteoarthritis: a qualitative study using the Theoretical Domains Framework.

Objectives: To explore the barriers and enablers to providing and receiving primary care for osteoarthritis (OA) in Ireland from the perspectives of primary care healthcare professionals (HCPs) and individuals with OA.

Design: Descriptive qualitative study incorporating an inductive thematic analysis to identify key barrier and enabler themes and subsequent deductive mapping to the Theoretical Domains Framework (TDF).

Setting: Primary care in Ireland.

Effect of optimisation to contemporary HFrEF medical therapy with sacubitril/valsartan (Entresto) and dapaglifloziN on left Ventricular reverse remodelling as demonstrated by cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) Imaging: the ENVI study.

Introduction: Heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) guidelines recommend 'four pillars' of medical therapy and device therapy if left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) remains ≤35% after 3 months optimum medical therapy.We conducted the first study to examine the effects of optimisation to contemporary medical therapy on cardiac reverse remodelling, as demonstrated by cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (CMR).We hypothesised a proportion of patients would undergo beneficial remodelling and LVEF improvement above the threshold for complex device prescription after 6 months.

Permafrost instability negates the positive impact of warming temperatures on boreal radial growth.

Climate warming can alleviate temperature and nutrient constraints on tree growth in boreal regions, potentially enhancing boreal productivity. However, in permafrost environments, warming also disrupts the physical foundation on which trees grow, leading to leaning trees or "drunken" forests. Tree leaning might reduce radial growth, undermining potential benefits of warming.

Orthopoxvirus Purification for High Containment Laboratories.

Purification of large viruses in a high containment laboratory can create unique challenges. Traditional purification methods for large viruses rely on equipment and techniques that are not ideal for high containment work. Poxvirus purification has long relied on the use of Genetron, a reagent that is no longer available.