Comparison of Clinical Profile and Outcomes of Japanese Encephalitis and Acute Encephalitis Syndrome among Rural Children.

The study compared the clinical profile and outcomes of Japanese encephalitis (JE) and acute encephalitis syndrome (AES) in children. Fifty-six consecutive children with symptoms fulfilling the WHO clinical case definition of AES from June 2018 to June 2020 were included in the study. All patients who tested positive for either serum or cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) anti-JE-IgM antibodies were JE patients (n = 24) and compared with non-JE AES cases (n = 32).

Immunogenicity and lot-to-lot consistency of a ready to use liquid bovine-human reassortant pentavalent rotavirus vaccine (ROTASIIL - Liquid) in Indian infants.

Background: A lyophilized bovine-human rotavirus reassortant pentavalent vaccine (BRV-PV, Rotasiil®) was licensed in 2016. A liquid formulation of this vaccine (LBRV-PV, Rotasiil - Liquid) was subsequently developed and was tested for non-inferiority to Rotasiil® and for lot-to-lot consistency.

Methods: This Phase II/III, open label, randomized study was conducted at seven sites across India from November 2017 to June 2018.

Tensionless Purely Laparoscopic Intra-Gastric Surgery using an Innovative Mucosal Flap-Valve Mechanism: The Jategaonkar Technique.

Cooperative laparoscopic endoscopic intra-gastric surgery, with its ability to acquire advantages of both these technologies, is a recent development in the field of minimally invasive surgery. However, the pre-requisition of its multi-disciplinary approach together with several technical constraints have, plausibly, limited its widespread acceptance. The ever-increasing number of modifications being reported in today's literature largely underscores the inability of any one to be the best.

Amending Umbilical Porting in Laparoscopic Totally Extra-peritoneal Hernioplasty: A Simplified Way.

An unambiguous identification of anterior rectus sheath (ARS) is a crucial initial step required for precise umbilical porting in order to achieve successful execution of laparoscopic totally extra-peritoneal (TEP) hernioplasty. However, it is scarcely discussed in the present-day literature. Backed with the experience of 1100 cases, we present an easy and rapid technique of exposing the anterior rectus sheath with the aim to save operative time without compromising the safety.

Transfemoral aortic valve-in-valve implantation with the CoreValve Evolut for small degenerated stented bioprosthesis.

Transcatheter aortic valve-in-valve implantation represents one interesting therapeutic option for high-risk surgical patients with degenerated bioprostheses. The procedure is less invasive and can be performed without thoracotomy and general anesthesia, if the femoral approach is used. Until recently, failing small bioprostheses could only be treated percutaneously by underexpanding the CoreValve (Medtronic, Inc) or Edwards Sapien valve (Edwards Lifesciences).

Compression, distortion and dislodgement of large caliber stents in congenital heart defects caused by cardiopulmonary resuscitation: a case series and review of the literature.

Stenting of vascular, extracardiac or lately intracardiac stenosis has become an established interventional treatment for a variety of problems in congenital or acquired heart disease. Most stent procedures are completed successfully and the long-term outcome is favorable in the majority of cases. Stent collapse or deformation is a well recognized entity in peripheral stents and can be attributed to insufficient radial force; it can also be attributed to excessive external forces, like deformation of stents in the right ventricular outflow tract, where external compression is combined with continuous movement caused by the beating heart.

Delayed coronary ischemia after transfemoral aortic valve implantation.

Transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) offers a less invasive treatment alternative to surgical aortic valve replacement for high-risk patients. Although the procedure can be performed at low risk, life-threatening complications may arise in single cases during or even months after the procedure. Here, the details are presented of two patients who underwent TAVI by a transfemoral approach with Medtronic CoreValve prostheses and suffered myocardial ischemia months later.

Interventional closure of atrial septal defects in adult patients with Ebstein's anomaly.

Ebstein's anomaly is frequently associated with interatrial communications. In patients with severe tricuspid regurgitation standard treatment is the surgical repair or replacement of the tricuspid valve and patch closure of the atrial septal defect. We sought to evaluate the feasibility and short-term outcome of interventional device closure of interatrial communications in Ebstein patients with mild to moderate tricuspid regurgitation and various degrees of clinical symptoms.

63-year survival after Blalock-Taussig shunt operation in a patient with single ventricle, tricuspid atresia, and pulmonary stenosis.

A 63-year-old female with complex congenital heart disease underwent a classical Blalock-Taussig (B-T) shunt operation at the age of 3 years in 1948. The cardiac morphology was not amenable to further definite surgical repair in that period of time. With this palliative operation, the patient survived to the age of 63 years and now presented with exercise intolerance and significant desaturation.

Successful interventional treatment of a retrosternal pseudoaneurysm of the ascending aorta with an Amplatzer Vascular Plug II.

Pseudoaneurysm of the aorta is a rare, but potentially dangerous complication after cardiac surgery, trauma or infective aortitis. Potential fatal risk of rupture with severe hemorrhage exists, so that treatment is necessary. Surgical management carries a high morbidity and mortality rate.

Cardiac remodeling and effects on exercise capacity after interventional closure of atrial septal defects in different adult age groups.

Background: Interventional closure of atrial septal defects (ASD) has become a standard procedure in pediatric and adult patients. We report immediate and mid-term results in different adult age groups.

Methods: A retrospective analysis of 332 patients undergoing percutaneous ASD closure between 1998 and 2008 was performed.

Percutaneous closure of atrial septal defects: echocardiographic and functional results in patients older than 60 years.

Background: Percutaneous closure of atrial septal defects is well established in children and adults and has been found to improve symptoms and positively influence right-heart remodeling. The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and long-term outcome in adult patients older than 60 years.

Methods And Results: The study population comprised 96 patients in the age group of 60 to 84 years.

Two-dimensional strain and strain rate imaging of the right ventricle in adult patients before and after percutaneous closure of atrial septal defects.

Aims: Echocardiographic speckle tracking or two-dimensional (2D) strain analysis is a new tool to assess myocardial function. This prospective controlled study evaluates systolic right ventricular (RV) function by 2D strain in adult patients with atrial septal defect (ASD) before and 3 months after percutaneous closure.

Methods And Results: Assessment of global longitudinal strain (GLS), global longitudinal strain rate (GLSR), and regional peak systolic strain (PSS) of right ventricle was performed in 33 ASD patients.

Transcatheter closure of patent foramen ovale in patients with paradoxical embolism. Procedural and follow-up results after implantation of the Starflex occluder device with conjunctive intensified anticoagulation regimen.

Background: Prevalence of patent foramen ovale (PFO) is higher in patients with paradoxical embolism and associated with increased risk for recurrent thromboembolic events. By percutaneous closure of PFO, surgical closure or permanent oral anticoagulation can be avoided. So far, published series included different occluder systems and various indications and regimens of postprocedural anticoagulation.

Severe calcification of the lateral mitral annulus in constrictive pericarditis: a potential pitfall for the use of echocardiographic tissue Doppler imaging.

According to the guidelines of the European Society of Cardiology on the diagnosis and management of pericardial diseases, tissue Doppler imaging (TDI) is proposed to be part of the diagnostic work-up in patients with suspected constrictive pericarditis (CP). We describe a case which illustrates that TDI analysis may be misleading in patients with severe pericardial calcifications of the lateral mitral annulus. Multi-slice computed tomography (MSCT) data in this case contributed much to a better understanding of the impact of heterogeneous calcification patterns on the results of TDI assessment in CP.