A distinct immunophenotype in children carrying the Blautia enterotype: The generation R study.

Objective: Studies in mouse models and human adults have shown that the intestinal microbiota composition can affect peripheral immune cells. We here examined whether the gut microbiota compositions affect B and T-cell subsets in children.

Methods: The intestinal microbiota was characterized from stool samples of 344 10-year-old children from the Generation R Study by performing 16S rRNA sequencing.

Combined hip arthroscopy with periacetabular osteotomy for hip dysplasia: a systematic review.

Periacetabular osteotomy (PAO) is a surgical procedure that corrects acetabular dysplasia without necessarily addressing intra-articular pathology. Hip arthroscopy is being increasingly used to address soft tissue pathologies at the time of a PAO. This review aims to determine patient-reported outcome measure scores (PROMs) of combining hip arthroscopy and PAO.

The nationwide Dietary Intake after Diagnosis and Colorectal Cancer Outcomes (PLCRC-PROTECT) cohort: Study design, clinical characteristics and baseline health behaviors.

Purpose: The nationwide Dietary Intake After Diagnosis and Colorectal Cancer Outcomes (PROTECT) study is a prospective cohort study investigating how lifestyle-related factors including dietary intake and physical activity are associated with health-related quality of life (HRQoL), recurrence, and survival after a colorectal cancer (CRC) diagnosis.

Methods: Patients participating in the Prospective Dutch Colorectal Cancer (PLCRC) cohort with newly diagnosed stage I to IV colorectal cancer were recruited for PROTECT shortly after diagnosis, between 2015 and 2022. While patient-reported quality of life, physical activity, and sedentary behavior, as well as body composition data are available from PLCRC, patient-reported measurements in PROTECT included anthropometrics, dietary intake, dietary supplement use, and taste and smell alterations.

Acute remote home monitoring of acutely ill patients with COVID-19: how Dutch home monitoring initiatives were organized during the pandemic.

Background: Acute remote home monitoring of acutely ill patients with COVID-19 holds potential for early detection of deterioration and thus subsequentearly intervention that may prevent or mitigate progression to severe illness and need for respiratory support. Our aim was to describe common features of acute remote home monitoring programs for acutely ill patients with COVID-19 in the Netherlands.

Methods: We performed literature searches (both grey and academic) between 1st March 2020 and 1st March 2023 to identify Dutch acute remote home monitoring initiatives, excluding studies on early hospital discharge.

[Hereditary thrombophilia; whom to test?].

Patients with thrombophilia show a higher incidence of VTE due to a disturbance in the hemostatic system. Hereditary thrombophilia can be identified by laboratory diagnostics, however most guidelines advise against thrombophilia testing in the majority of the patients with VTE, since the outcome rarely affects clinical decisions for the treatment. In this article we describe two cases in which hereditary thrombophilia testing could be considered.

Physical activity at diagnosis is associated with tumor downstaging after neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy in patients with rectal cancer.

Background: Patients with rectal cancer are often treated with neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy, followed by a waiting period and surgical resection. Good or complete response to neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy might enable organ preservation, which highlights the need to increase response rates. Pre-clinical studies suggest that physical activity during neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy may improve tumor downstaging.

Improved health by combining dietary restriction and promoting muscle growth in DNA repair-deficient progeroid mice.

Background: Ageing is a complex multifactorial process, impacting all organs and tissues, with DNA damage accumulation serving as a common underlying cause. To decelerate ageing, various strategies have been applied to model organisms and evaluated for health and lifespan benefits. Dietary restriction (DR, also known as caloric restriction) is a well-established long-term intervention recognized for its universal anti-ageing effects.

Dietary and lifestyle inflammation scores in relation to colorectal cancer recurrence and all-cause mortality: A longitudinal analysis.

Aim: The aim of this study was to longitudinally investigate dietary and lifestyle inflammation scores and their interaction in relation to risk of colorectal cancer (CRC) recurrence and all-cause mortality.

Methods: Data of two prospective cohort studies among CRC survivors was used. Information about diet and/or lifestyle was available for 2739 individuals for at least one of the following time points: at diagnosis, six months after diagnosis and two years after diagnosis.

Inter-Rater and Intrarater Reliability of Radiographs in the Diagnosis of Pediatric Scaphoid Fractures.

Background: Pediatric scaphoid fractures can be challenging to diagnose on plain radiograph. Rates of missed scaphoid fractures can be as high as 30% to 37% on initial imaging and overall sensitivity ranging from 21% to 97%. Few studies, however, have examined the reliability of radiographs in the diagnosis of scaphoid fractures, and none are specific to the pediatric population.

Accessing supports due to others' harmful drinking.

Introduction: Alcohol's harm to others (AHTO) refers to harms caused to those other than the drinker. The current paper estimates the prevalence of formal and informal supports sought due to AHTO and examines whether the type of support accessed varies by sociodemographic, economic and harm-related characteristics.

Methods: An Australian sample of 2574 people completed the 2021 AHTO survey, out of which 888 perceived they experienced harm from another's drinking.

Use of automated assessment for determining associations of low muscle mass and muscle loss with overall survival in patients with colorectal cancer - A validation study.

Background: Low muscle mass and skeletal muscle mass (SMM) loss are associated with adverse patient outcomes, but the time-consuming nature of manual SMM quantification prohibits implementation of this metric in clinical practice. Therefore, we assessed the feasibility of automated SMM quantification compared to manual quantification. We evaluated both diagnostic accuracy for low muscle mass and associations of SMM (change) with survival in colorectal cancer (CRC) patients.

Cohort profile of BIGPROMISE: a perioperative biobank of a high-risk surgical population.

Purpose: Postoperative complications increase mortality, disability and costs. Advanced understanding of the risk factors for postoperative complications is needed to improve surgical outcomes. This paper discusses the rationale and profile of the BIGPROMISE (biomarkers to guide perioperative management and improve outcome in high-risk surgery) cohort, that aims to investigate risk factors, pathophysiology and outcomes related to postoperative complications.

The Otto Aufranc Award: Does Hip Arthroscopy at the Time of Periacetabular Osteotomy Improve the Clinical Outcome for the Treatment of Hip Dysplasia? A Multicenter Randomized Clinical Trial.

Background: A periacetabular osteotomy (PAO) is often sufficient to treat the symptoms and improve quality of life for symptomatic hip dysplasia. However, acetabular cartilage and labral pathologies are very commonly present, and there is a lack of evidence examining the benefits of adjunct arthroscopy to treat these. The goal of this study was to compare the clinical outcome of patients undergoing PAO with and without arthroscopy, with the primary end point being the International Hip Outcome Tool-33 at 1 year.

Associations between low- and high-fat dairy intake and recurrence risk in people with stage I-III colorectal cancer differ by sex and primary tumour location.

We previously demonstrated that intake of low-fat dairy, but not high-fat dairy, was associated with a decreased colorectal cancer (CRC) recurrence risk. These risks, however, may differ by sex, primary tumour location, and disease stage. Combining data from two similar prospective cohort studies of people with stage I-III CRC enabled these subgroup analyses.

Harm from the drinking of people you know: A range of effects from different relationships.

Aims: To describe the range of effects experienced due to the drinking of people respondents know and analyze risk and protective factors for harm from the drinking of partners and household members, other relatives and friends and co-workers.

Design, Setting And Participants: Surveys of 2574 participants' experiences were obtained from two samples: 1000 people responded to random digitally dialled Australian mobile calls and 1574 participants responded from the Life in Australia panel survey.

Measurements: Respondents were asked whether they had been negatively affected in the previous 12 months by the drinking of persons they knew who were 'a heavy drinker or drank a lot sometimes' and the nature of these harms.

Metabolomic analysis of dietary-restriction-induced attenuation of sarcopenia in prematurely aging DNA repair-deficient mice.

Background: Sarcopenia is characterized by loss of skeletal muscle mass and function, and is a major risk factor for disability and independence in the elderly. Effective medication is not available. Dietary restriction (DR) has been found to attenuate aging and aging-related diseases, including sarcopenia, but the mechanism of both DR and sarcopenia are incompletely understood.

Decision discovery using clinical decision support system decision log data for supporting the nurse decision-making process.

Background: Decision-making in healthcare is increasingly complex; notably in hospital environments where the information density is high, e.g., emergency departments, oncology departments, and psychiatry departments.

Automated, Point-of-Care mobile flow cytometry: Bringing the laboratory to the sample.

Background: Innate effector cells are very responsive to infectious and inflammatory cues found in damaged and inflamed tissues. Their activation is a potential target to assess the state of the immune system. Unfortunately, these cells are very susceptible for ex-vivo activation, hampering accurate interpretation of flow cytometry data.