Conventional vs. Organically Produced Honey-Are There Differences in Physicochemical, Nutritional and Sensory Characteristics?

Honey is a sweet syrup mixture substance produced by honey bees. Contradictory results have been reported on the influence of organic and conventional beekeeping on the properties of honey. The aim of this research was to determine the potential difference between organically and conventionally produced honey of the same botanical origin (linden, acacia, chestnut, meadow).

Synthesis of new bulky bis(pyrazolyl)methane carboxylate (heteroscorpionate) ligands and their complexes with iron, manganese and nickel.

Three new sterically demanding ligands based on the bispyrazolylacetic acid motif have been prepared and complexes with Fe(II), Fe(III), Ni(II) and Mn(II) have been synthesised and characterised. Single crystal X-ray structures are included for two of the ligands in the protonated form and ten other complexes. Additionally, a new general route to amide derivatives has been established, a range of amide derivatives synthesised and their coordination chemistry investigated.

Combat eye injury: laser photocoagulation prophylaxis of retinal detachment.

Traumatic retinal detachment can occur in combat eye injuries and has numerous complications. We presume that the incidence would be much higher if we omitted to perform argon laser prophylactic treatment in cases of (1) traumatic retinal rupture, (2) retained retinal foreign body (before and after surgery), and (3) vitreoretinal proliferation with or without sector traction detachment. In these cases we performed a modified method of blockade with confluent, two-row laser spots, which proved to be more efficient clinically and formed stronger retina-choroid adhesions in experimental studies.

[Vitreoretinal proliferation as a cause of tractional retinal ablation after severe perforating injury].

The main idea of this paper was to investigate the influence of proliferative reaction in vitreous body, in case of serious injuries of the eyeball on the development of complications. It was shown that the presence of hemophthalmia which intensified PVR process and anteroposterior traction influenced the intensity of PVR and also the development of retinal ablation. The complete perforation of the posterior wall of the eye ball (duplex perforation) with the small foreign body would produce bigger scar on the posterior wall than in case of singular perforations, which would usually be enough to control anteroposterior traction towards vitreous body and prevent retinal ablation.

[Photocoagulation in the prevention of retinal detachment in perforating injuries of the eye caused by warfare].

Main indications for application of photocoagulation in the prevention of retinal detachment in penetrating eye war injuries were presented. Photocoagulation was performed when intrabulbar foreign body was present, before its extraction and in the cases of traumatic ruptures of sectorial traumatic tractional retinal detachment. Modified photocoagulation by argon laser, with linked spots in two rows was used since it was shown to be clinically the most suitable.

[Analysis of treatment of perforating ocular injuries during warfare in Bosnia-Herzegovina].

The analysis of 210 patients with penetrating eye injuries was performed. The age of the majority of injured was 20-30 (40%). Most injuries were caused by explosive devices (80%).

[Surgical treatment of paralytic convergent strabismus using a modification of Jensen's method].

Surgical treatment of paralytic convergent strabismus using the modified Jensen's is method was performed in 35 patients. The full success (orthophoria) was achieved in 51.5% and satisfying (approximately orthophoria) in 25.

[Methods and results of Nd YAG laser capsulotomy in pseudophakia].

Methods and results in the use of Nd-YAG laser in capsulotomy (membranoectomy) of secondary cataracts in pseudophakia are presented. The specificity of this procedure is the closeness of the implanted artificial lens to the site of laser effects.

[The adenohypophyseal gonadotropins in patients with anorexia nervosa].

In 13 patients with anorexia nervosa (AN), secondary amenorrhoea lasting eight to 25 months and the loss of body weight more than 25% were found. Estradiol concentrations (E2) were significantly lower in patients with anorexia nervosa than in nine patients in the control group (21.4 +/- 9.

Ultrasonography in the detection of cervical incompetency.

In 80 pregnancies with clinical and ultrasonic signs of cervical incompetency, the length of the cervix and the thickness of the anterior wall of a lower uterine segment have been evaluated ultrasonically. We have also measured the width of the endocervical canal and studied the prolapse of fetal membranes (with fetal parts) into the endocervical canal. We evaluated these same parameters in 80 healthy pregnancies.

[Results of terminal salpingostomy and fimbrioplasty in distal occlusion and tubal phimosis].

Terminal salpingostomy and fimbrioplastics were performed in 108 patients by conventional surgical technique: 78 had bilateral occlusion of the abdominal orifice of the uterine tube with hydrosalpinx, 21 unilateral distal occlusion coupled with stenosis and perisalpingitis on the other side, and 9 bilateral stenosis and perisalpingitis. In all patients other causes of sterility were excluded. The duration of their sterility lasted 2-15 years, while their age ranged from 21 to 40 years.

[The frequency of premature labor before and after administering beta-sympathomimetics in clinical practice].

From 1971 to 1975, when beta sympathicomimetics were not used, from total 13 561 deliveries 6.06% were preterm deliveries. In years 1976-1980, when these tocolytics are routinely used from total 15 242 deliveries 5.

[Comparison of hysterosalpingographic and laparoscopic findings in tubal factor of sterility (author's transl)].

Hysterosalpingographic and laparoscopic findings in 116 sterile women with the ovulatory cycle and the fertile spermiogram of their husbands were compared. Laparoscopy was performed in 65 patients in whom hysterosalpingography (HSG) revealed the occlusion of one or both tubes localized at the abdominal orifice, then in 23 women with unobstructed tubes and pertubal adhesions, and in 28 women in whom HSG findings were normal and who did not conceive at least 6 months after HSG. In 69% of cases the results of both methods were similar, whereas in 31% of cases laparoscopic findings, 18 laparoscopic findings showed significant by hysterosalpingography.

[Yellow body function in bromocryptine induced early pregnancy in patients with hyperprolactinemia (author's transl)].

In six patients estrogens and gonadotropins were low and the prolactin concentration was increased (36-128 micrograms/l). Amenorrhea in all patients lasted 8-60 months, while galactorrhea was observed in five patients. By the X-ray of the sella turcica and neurologic and ophthalmologic examinations no signs of an intrasellar expansive process were revealed.

[Cervical factor in sterile couples with an ovulatory cycle normospermia and patent tubes].

In 54 sterile married couples with a normal biophasic cycle, passable tubes, and normozoospermia, the properties of the cervical mucus were investigated. The biphasic cycle was determined according to the basal temperature curve, in which the hyperthermal phase lasts 12 days or more, the concentration of pregnanediol in the urine on the 22nd day of the cycle (6.4 mg/24h), estrogen on the 12th day of the cycle (78.

[Improved pregnancy rates with ovulation stimulation using clomiphene and the effect of conjugated estrogens on the cervix].

From a larger group of women treated which clomiphene 25 patients were selected who failed to conceive in spite of an indirect evidence of the ovulatory response and adequate luteal phase. Seventeen of them, who showed a distinct suppression of preovulatory reaction according to a modified cervical score, were treated with combined clomiphene and conjugated estrogens. The cervical score, the cycle pattern and the pregnancy rate were compared with the results of the previous treatment.

Amenorrhea following oral contraception.

In 21 patients with amenorrhea after taking oral contraceptives, the urinary excretion of estrogens and the plasma concentrations of LH, FSH and prolactin were determined. In five of these women the amenorrhea was accompanied by galactorrhea. Ten of the 21 patients had had origomenorrhea before contraceptive therapy.

[Value of the LH-RH test in secondary hypothalamic amenorrhea].

Forty-three patients with secondary hypothalamic amenorrhea and 17 healthy women in the early and late folliculin phases of the normal cycle were tested with 100 micrograms synthetic LH-RH i. m. The LH and FSH concentration in the plasma was measured before and after the injection of synthetic LH-RH.

[Endocrinological aspect of galactorrhea and lactation in relation to the cytology of breast secretion].

The concentration of prolactin in the plasma and the cytologic smears of the mammary extraction were analysed in 67 patients with galactorrhea. In 38 patients galactorrhea was couple with amenorrhea. Out of 67 patients with galactorrhea, 32 had hyperprolactinemia (68.