Natural Phenolics Disrupt Microbial Communication by Inhibiting Quorum Sensing.

Quorum sensing, a bacterial cell-to-cell communication mechanism, plays a key role in bacterial virulence and biofilm formation. Targeting quorum-sensing pathways represents a promising strategy for the development of novel antibacterial agents. This study evaluated the anti-quorum-sensing activities of 18 natural compounds, including cannabinoids, arylbenzofurans, flavonoids, caffeine, and chlorogenic acid, using the luminescent biosensor strain MM30.

Isolation of a Unique Monoterpene Diperoxy Dimer From Ziziphora clinopodioides subsp. bungeana Together With Triterpenes With Antidiabetic Properties.

Introduction: Ziziphora clinopodioides subsp. bungeana (Juz.) Rech.

L. fruit peels show anti-cancer effects in preclinical models of breast carcinoma: The perspectives in the chemoprevention and therapy modulation.

Introduction: Within oncology research, there is a high effort for new approaches to prevent and treat cancer as a life-threatening disease. Specific plant species that adapt to harsh conditions may possess unique properties that may be utilized in the management of cancer.

Hypothesis: Chokeberry fruit is rich in secondary metabolites with anti-cancer activities potentially useful in cancer prevention and treatment.

C-Geranylated flavanone diplacone enhances in vitro antiproliferative and anti-inflammatory effects in its copper(II) complexes.

Two copper(II) complexes containing diplacone (Hdipl), a naturally occurring C-geranylated flavanone derivative, in combination with bathophenanthroline (bphen) or 1,10-phenanthroline (phen) with the composition [Cu(bphen)(Hdipl)]⋅2HO (1) and {[Cu(phen)(Hdipl)]⋅1.25HO} (2) were prepared and characterized. As compared to diplacone, the complexes enhanced in vitro cytotoxicity against A2780 and A2780R human ovarian cancer cells (IC ≈ 0.

Five New Tamarixetin Glycosides from Griseb. Including Some Substituted with the Rare 3-Hydroxy-3-methylglutaric Acid and Their Collagenase Inhibitory Effects In Vitro.

Along with the known kaempferol-3--α-l-rhamnopyranosyl-(1 → 2)-[6--(3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl)]-β-d-galactopyranoside (), five new flavonoids, containing the rarely isolated aglycon tamarixetin, were isolated from a methanolic extract of the endemic Balkan species Griseb. Three of the new compounds are substituted with 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl residue (HMG), untypical for the genus . The compounds were identified as tamarixetin-3--α-l-rhamnopyranosyl-(1 → 2)-[6--(3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl)]-β-d-galactopyranoside (), tamarixetin-3--(2,6-di--α-l-rhamnopyranosyl)-β-d-galactopyranoside (), tamarixetin 3--β-d-apiofuranosyl-(1 → 2)-β-d-galactopyranoside (), tamarixetin-3--β-d-apiofuranosyl-(1 → 2)-[6--(3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl)]-β-d-galactopyranoside (), and tamarixetin-3--β-d-apiofuranosyl-(1 → 2)-[α-l-rhamnopyranosyl-(1 → 6)]-β-d-galactopyranoside ().

Comparison of Metabolic Profiles of Fruits of Arctium lappa, Arctium minus, and Arctium tomentosum.

Metabolites of the edible and medicinal plant Arctium have been shown to possess beneficial activities. The phytochemical profile of Arctium lappa is well-explored and its fruits are known to contain mainly lignans, fatty acids, and sterols. But the fruits of other Arctium species have not been thoroughly investigated.

Dibenzocyclooctadiene Lignans from with Anti-Inflammatory Effects.

(Schisandraceae) is a medicinal plant widely used in traditional Chinese medicine. Under the name Wu Wei Zi, it is used to treat many diseases, especially as a stimulant, adaptogen, and hepatoprotective. Dibenzocyclooctadiene lignans are the main compounds responsible for the effect of .

L. exerts oncostatic effects in rodent and models of breast carcinoma.

Based on extensive data from oncology research, the use of phytochemicals or plant-based nutraceuticals is considered an innovative tool for cancer management. This research aimed to analyze the oncostatic properties of L. using animal and models of breast carcinoma (BC).

Enhancing Solubility and Bioefficacy of Stilbenes by Liposomal Encapsulation-The Case of Macasiamenene F.

Stilbenes in food and medicinal plants have been described as potent antiphlogistic and antioxidant compounds, and therefore, they present an interesting potential for the development of dietary supplements. Among them, macasiamenene F (MF) has recently been shown to be an effective anti-inflammatory and cytoprotective agent that dampens peripheral and CNS inflammation . Nevertheless, this promising molecule, like other stilbenes and a large percentage of drugs under development, faces poor water solubility, which results in trickier administration and low bioavailability.

Systemic toxic effects of Mesocain® in routine surgical practice upon iatrogenic overdose requiring cardiopulmonary resuscitation - case report.

This case report of a patient with a traumatic head injury provides an example of a systemic toxic reaction to a local anesthetic. Clinical signs of a systemic toxic reaction and hemorrhagic shock may initially be similar: tachycardia, hypotension and unconsciousness. The purpose is thus to remind that even the treatment of a minor injury can develop into a life-threatening condition.

Lipophilic Statins Eliminate Senescent Endothelial Cells by inducing Anoikis-Related Cell Death.

Pre-clinical studies from the recent past have indicated that senescent cells can negatively affect health and contribute to premature aging. Targeted eradication of these cells has been shown to improve the health of aged experimental animals, leading to a clinical interest in finding compounds that selectively eliminate senescent cells while sparing non-senescent ones. In our study, we identified a senolytic capacity of statins, which are lipid-lowering drugs prescribed to patients at high risk of cardiovascular events.

Novel Method for Detecting the Stage of Arthrosis and Femoroacetabular Impingement Using a Gyroscopic Sensor and Neural Networks.

PURPOSE OF THE STUDY Femoroacetabular impingement syndrome is a complex, often post-traumatically developing impairment of the hip joint, characterized by ambiguous symptomatology, which makes early diagnosis diffi cult, especially in the early stages. Experimental retrospective study was carried out to evaluate the usability of a triaxial gyroscopic sensor in routine practice as an additional indication criterion for operative versus conservative treatment procedures. MATERIAL AND METHODS 92 patients were included in the retrospective study, and 62 completed the investigation.

[Pelvic Ring Fractures - in extremis Patients].

PURPOSE OF THE STUDY This study aims to analyse a subpopulation of patients with severe haemorrhagic shock and a concurrent unstable pelvic ring fracture. MATERIAL AND METHODS This manuscript is a retrospective study of prospectively collected data on trauma patients over a period of 10 years, namely between 2010 and 2019. These patients, primarily (after injury) referred to the trauma centre of the University Hospital Hradec Králové, were diagnosed with an unstable pelvic ring fracture as a part of multiple injuries.

Treating Epilepsy with Natural Products: Nonsense or Possibility?

Epilepsy is a neurological disease characterized by recurrent seizures that can lead to uncontrollable muscle twitching, changes in sensitivity to sensory perceptions, and disorders of consciousness. Although modern medicine has effective antiepileptic drugs, the need for accessible and cost-effective medication is urgent, and products derived from plants could offer a solution. For this review, we have focused on natural compounds that have shown anticonvulsant activity in in vivo models of epilepsy at relevant doses.

Significance of flavonoids targeting PI3K/Akt/HIF-1α signaling pathway in therapy-resistant cancer cells - A potential contribution to the predictive, preventive, and personalized medicine.

Background: Cancer management faces multiple obstacles, including resistance to current therapeutic approaches. In the face of challenging microenvironments, cancer cells adapt metabolically to maintain their supply of energy and precursor molecules for biosynthesis and thus sustain rapid proliferation and tumor growth. Among the various metabolic adaptations observed in cancer cells, the altered glucose metabolism is the most widely studied.

The Gold(I) Complex with Plant Hormone Kinetin Shows Promising In Vitro Anticancer and PPARγ Properties.

Motivated by the clinical success of gold(I) metallotherapeutic in the effective treatment of both inflammatory and cancer diseases, we decided to prepare, characterize, and further study the [Au(kin)(PPh)] complex (), where Hkin = kinetin, 6-furfuryladenine, for its in vitro anti-cancer and anti-inflammatory activities. The results revealed that the complex () had significant in vitro cytotoxicity against human cancer cell lines (A2780, A2780R, PC-3, 22Rv1, and THP-1), with IC ≈ 1-5 μM, which was even significantly better than that for the conventional platinum-based drug while comparable with . Although its ability to inhibit transcription factor NF-κB activity did not exceed the comparative drug , it has been found that it is able to positively influence peroxisome-proliferator-activated receptor-gamma (PPARγ), and as a consequence of this to have the impact of moderating/reducing inflammation.

Could temporary external fixation after reduction of displaced acetabular fractures prevent posttraumatic heterotopic ossification?

Objectives: To recommend appropriate immobilization after the initial reduction of acetabular displaced fractures in order to minimize the risk of heterotopic ossification formation.

Design: Retrospective study of patients treated in our surgical department during the years 2005-2018.

Materials And Methods: There were 94 patients included in statistical analysis.

Antithrombotic and antiplatelet effects of plant-derived compounds: a great utility potential for primary, secondary, and tertiary care in the framework of 3P medicine.

Thromboembolism is the third leading vascular disease, with a high annual incidence of 1 to 2 cases per 1000 individuals within the general population. The broader term venous thromboembolism generally refers to deep vein thrombosis, pulmonary embolism, and/or a combination of both. Therefore, thromboembolism can affect both - the central and peripheral veins.

C-geranylated flavonoids from Paulownia tomentosa Steud. fruit as potential anti-inflammatory agents.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Paulownia tomentosa Steud., a traditional Chinese medicinal plant, was used for many centuries in Chinese herbal medicine as a component of remedies for many illnesses, including inflammatory diseases. It is a rich source of phenolic compounds, mainly geranylated flavonoids, which are currently studied for their promising biological activities.

Anti-breast cancer effects of phytochemicals: primary, secondary, and tertiary care.

Breast cancer incidence is actually the highest one among all cancers. Overall breast cancer management is associated with challenges considering risk assessment and predictive diagnostics, targeted prevention of metastatic disease, appropriate treatment options, and cost-effectiveness of approaches applied. Accumulated research evidence indicates promising anti-cancer effects of phytochemicals protecting cells against malignant transformation, inhibiting carcinogenesis and metastatic spread, supporting immune system and increasing effectiveness of conventional anti-cancer therapies, among others.

Synthesis of -prenylated analogues of stilbenoid methyl ethers and their cyclic dihydrobenzopyranyl derivatives as potential anti-inflammatory agents.

An efficient and versatile synthesis of the naturally occurring -prenylated stilbenoid methyl ethers and their synthetic analogues is presented. The synthesis represents a six step convergent process including an optimised -prenylation method. Furthermore, during the demethylation process, six new dihydro-benzopyranyl derivatives were obtained and isolated.

Polyketide Derivatives in the Resistance of to Powdery Mildew.

Powdery mildew is a common disease affecting the commercial production of gerbera flowers (, Asteraceae). Some varieties show a certain degree of resistance to it. Our objective was to identify biomarkers of resistance to powdery mildew using an H nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy and chemometrics approach in a complex, fully factorial experiment to suggest a target for selection and breeding.

Abietane Diterpenes of the Genus .

(Lamiaceae), which-according to the latest systematic revision-includes three separate genera (, , and ), is a genus widely used in traditional medicine-mainly in the treatment of various ailments of the digestive tract, respiratory tract, and skin. Many species of have been shown to produce phenolic compounds and terpenes. Diterpenes, especially those of the abietane class, are the most studied group of secondary metabolites found in , which is characterized by a significant structural diversity arising from the oxygenation and further rearrangement of the basic tricyclic abietane skeleton to a complete aromatization of the ring system.

Metabolism of Selected 2-Arylbenzofurans in a Colon In Vitro Model System.

2-arylbenzofurans represent a small group of bioactive compounds found in the plant family Moraceae. As it has not been investigated whether these substances are stable during passage through the gastrointestinal tract, their biological effects may be altered by the metabolism of intestinal microbiota or cells. The aim of the present study was to investigate and compare mulberrofuran Y (), moracin C (), and mulberrofuran G () in an in vitro model of human intestinal bacterial fermentation and in an epithelial model using the Caco-2 cell line.

Direct and Indirect Antioxidant Effects of Selected Plant Phenolics in Cell-Based Assays.

: Oxidative stress is a key factor in the pathophysiology of many diseases. This study aimed to verify the antioxidant activity of selected plant phenolics in cell-based assays and determine their direct or indirect effects. : The cellular antioxidant assay (CAA) assay was employed for direct scavenging assays.