JAK3 Inhibition Regulates Stemness and Thereby Controls Glioblastoma Pathogenesis.

Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most deadly brain tumor, effective treatment options for which still remain elusive. The current treatment procedure of maximal resection followed by chemotherapy has proved to be grossly insufficient to prevent disease progression and death. Despite best efforts, the maximum survival post-diagnosis is a mere 1.

Are Chest Radiographs or Ultrasound More Accurate in Predicting a Pneumothorax or Need for a Thoracostomy Tube in Trauma Patients?

Background: Historically, chest radiographs (CXR) have been used to quickly diagnose pneumothorax (PTX) and hemothorax in trauma patients. Over the last 2 decades, chest ultrasound (CUS) as part of Extended Focused Assessment with Sonography in Trauma (eFAST) has also become accepted as a modality for the early diagnosis of PTX in trauma patients.

Methods: We queried our institution's trauma databases for all trauma team activations from 2021 for patients with eFAST results.

NCCN Policy Summit: Cancer Care in the Workplace: Building a 21st Century Workplace for Patients, Survivors, and Caretakers.

Survival rates for people with cancer and quality of life for survivors have increased significantly as a result of innovations in cancer treatment, improvements in early detection, and improved healthcare access. In the United States, 1 in 2 men and 1 in 3 women will be diagnosed with cancer in their lifetime. As more cancer survivors and patients remain in the workforce, employers must evaluate how they can adjust workplace policies to meet employee and business needs.

Access to Immediately Available Balanced Blood Products in a Rural State's Trauma System.

Introduction: The Arkansas Trauma System was established by law more than a dozen years ago, and all participating trauma centers are required to maintain red blood cells. Since then, there has been a paradigm shift in resuscitating exsanguinating trauma patients. Damage Control Resuscitation with balanced blood products (or whole blood) and minimal crystalloid is now the standard of care.

Geospatial Analysis of Prehospital Triage and Early Potential Preventable Traumatic Deaths.

Severely injured patients often depend on prompt prehospital triage for survival. This study aimed to examine the under-triage of preventable or potentially preventable traumatic deaths. A retrospective review of Harris County, TX, revealed 1848 deaths within 24 hours of injury, with 186 being preventable or potentially preventable (P/PP).

Advanced prehospital resuscitative care: Can we identify trauma patients who might benefit?

Background: Uncontrolled truncal hemorrhage remains the most common cause of potentially preventable death after injury. The notion of earlier hemorrhage control and blood product resuscitation is therefore attractive. Some systems have successfully implemented prehospital advanced resuscitative care (ARC) teams.

How Does Mission Ground Time Impact on Population Coverage of Aeromedical Retrieval Systems?

Background: Aeromedical retrieval is an essential component of contemporary emergency care systems. However, in many locations, ground emergency medical services are dispatched to the scene of an incident first to assess the patient and then call for a helicopter if needed. The time to definitive care therefore includes the helicopter's flight to the scene, flight to the trauma center, and nonflying time.

Impact of Rural Hospital Closures on Health-Care Access.

Background: Access to health care is an important issue, particularly in remote areas. Since 2010, 106 rural hospital have closed in the United States, potentially limiting geographic access to health care. The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of these hospital closures on the proportion of the population who can reach a secondary care facility, by road, within 15, 30, 45, or 60 min.

Using publicly available flight data to analyze health disparities in aeromedical retrieval.

Objectives: Specialist healthcare cannot be provided in all locations. Helicopters can help to reduce the inherent geographical inequity caused by long distances or difficult terrain. However, the selective use of aeromedical retrieval could lead to other forms of health disparities.

Early and prehospital trauma deaths: Who might benefit from advanced resuscitative care?

Background: Recent civilian and military data from the United States and the United Kingdom suggest that further reductions in mortality will require prehospital or preoperating room hemorrhage control and blood product resuscitation. The aims of this study were to examine the potential preventability of prehospital and early in-hospital fatalities, and to consider the geographical location of such incidents, to contextualize how the use of advanced resuscitative techniques could be operationalized.

Methods: Retrospective analysis of prehospital and early in-hospital trauma deaths from January to December 2017.

Stop the Bleed: gap analysis and geographical evaluation of incident locations.

Background: Trauma is a major public health issue. In 2015, the White House launched the "Stop the Bleed" (STB) campaign, which aims to equip would-be bystanders with the ability and equipment to assist in bleeding emergencies. This study sought to estimate the number of patients who might benefit from STB intervention, in an everyday setting, and their spatial injury profile.

Aeromedical retrieval of trauma patients: Impact of flight path model on estimates of population coverage.

Background: The aim of this study was to compare the impact of different flight path models on the calculated population coverage of aeromedical retrieval systems, using the state of Alabama as a case study.

Methods: Geospatial analysis of U.S.

Population Coverage of Trauma Systems: What Do Helicopters Add?

Trauma is a time-critical condition. Helicopters are thought to enhance the accessibility to trauma centers, but this benefit is poorly quantified. The aim of this study was to conduct a geographical analysis of the added benefit provided by helicopters, over ground transport.

Use of helicopters for retrieval of trauma patients: A geospatial analysis.

Background: Helicopters are widely used to facilitate the transport of trauma patients, from the scene of an incident to the hospital. However, the use of helicopters may not always be appropriate. The aim of this project was to conduct a geospatial analysis of helicopter transport to a Level I trauma center.

Policy Challenges and Opportunities to Address Changing Paradigms in Cancer Care Delivery.

Multiple factors are forcing the healthcare delivery system to change. A movement toward value-based payment models is shifting these systems to team-based integration and coordination of care for better efficiencies and outcomes. Workforce shortages are stressing access and quality of care for patients with cancer and survivors, and their families and caregivers.

Timed Stair Climbing Is the Single Strongest Predictor of Perioperative Complications in Patients Undergoing Abdominal Surgery.

Background: Current methods to predict patients' perioperative morbidity use complex algorithms with multiple clinical variables focusing primarily on organ-specific compromise. The aim of the current study was to determine the value of a timed stair climb in predicting perioperative complications for patients undergoing abdominal surgery.

Study Design: From March 2014 to July 2015, three hundred and sixty-two patients attempted stair climbing while being timed before undergoing elective abdominal surgery.

A 100% departmental mortality review improves observed-to-expected mortality ratios and University HealthSystem Consortium rankings.

Background: Public reporting of mortality, Patient Safety Indicators (PSI) and hospital-acquired conditions (HACs) is the reality of quality measurement. A review of our department's data identified opportunities for improvement. We began a surgeon-led 100% review of mortality, PSIs, and HACs to improve patient care and surgeon awareness of these metrics.

Slot machines: their use in rehabilitation after stroke.

A comparative study of a novel and entertaining motor function exercise and traditional motor function exercise was conducted in the therapy of stroke patients. Therapists rated patients in five dependent variables, including range of motion, muscle strength, fine motor coordination, gross motor coordination, and degree of depression in control and experimental groups. Multivariate analysis of the results showed significantly greater progress in the five dependent variables among patients in the experimental group.