Gut enterotype-dependent modulation of gut microbiota and their metabolism in response to xanthohumol supplementation in healthy adults.

Xanthohumol (XN), a polyphenol found in the hop plant (), has antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, prebiotic, and anti-hyperlipidemic activity. Preclinical evidence suggests the gut microbiome is essential in mediating these bioactivities; however, relatively little is known about XN's impact on human gut microbiota . We conducted a randomized, triple-blinded, placebo-controlled clinical trial (ClinicalTrials.

Facilitating virtual social connections for youth with disabilities: lessons for post-COVID-19 programming.

Purpose: Social connections are essential for the development of life skills for youth. Youth with disabilities have long faced barriers to meaningful social connections. The onset of COVID-19 increased barriers to social connections for all youth, and also led to enhanced use of virtual platforms in paediatric rehabilitation programming.

Cholesterol homeostasis in hair follicle keratinocytes is disrupted by impaired ABCA5 activity.

The importance of cholesterol in hair follicle biology is underscored by its links to the pathogenesis of alopecias and hair growth disorders. Reports have associated defects in ABCA5, a membrane transporter, with altered keratinocyte cholesterol distribution in individuals with a form of congenital hypertrichosis, yet the biological basis for this defect in hair growth remains unknown. This study aimed to determine the impact of altered ABCA5 activity on hair follicle keratinocyte behaviour.

Programs Promoting Virtual Social Connections and Friendships for Youth with Disabilities: A Scoping Review.

Aims: This scoping review explores what is known about programs that support youth with physical and developmental disabilities to create virtual social connections as a means toward friendships.

Methods: Peer-reviewed studies were searched in six electronic databases: CINAHL, EMBASE, ERIC, MEDLINE, PsycINFO, and Scopus. Two reviewers screened articles that described programs in which participants, ages 8-20, interacted with others online, and reported outcomes related to virtual social connections and friendships in their personal social networks.

"What their expectations could be": a narrative study of mothers and service providers in paediatric rehabilitation.

Purpose: To better understand and visualise how and why mothers' and service providers' expectations for therapy can change over time spanning their journeys and careers in the paediatric rehabilitation system.

Methods: Narrative analysis was used to construct two parallel collective stories that illustrate and explain phases and turning points of developing expectations. Five mothers and nine service providers participated in interviews discussing their expectations when new and more experienced with therapy.

Negotiating expectations for therapy between mothers and service providers: a narrative analysis.

Purpose: To use stories about mothers and service providers negotiating expectations for therapy to illuminate processes contributing to power differences within partnerships.

Methods: This narrative study presented stories from three mothers and three service providers. Stories were co-constructed between participants and researchers and analyzed using narrative analysis.

Estrogen Receptor-Regulated Gene Signatures in Invasive Breast Cancer Cells and Aggressive Breast Tumors.

Most metastatic breast cancers arise from estrogen receptor α (ER)-positive disease, and yet the role of ER in promoting metastasis is unclear. Here, we used an ER+ breast cancer cell line that is highly invasive in an ER- and IKKβ-dependent manner. We defined two ER-regulated gene signatures that are specifically regulated in the subpopulations of invasive cells.

Social participation interventions targeting relational outcomes for young people with physical and developmental disabilities: an umbrella review and narrative synthesis.

Purpose: To synthesize knowledge about social participation interventions targeting relational outcomes for young people with physical and developmental disabilities.

Method: An umbrella review with a narrative synthesis was conducted to integrate findings of review articles examining social participation interventions targeting relational outcomes (e.g.

Expectations for therapy in pediatric rehabilitation: reframing meaning through metaphor.

Purpose: To propose a holistic approach and an accompanying tool to facilitate conversations about expectations of therapy in pediatric rehabilitation based on meanings generated through metaphor.

Methods: In this study, five parents and nine service providers took part in narrative interviews. Topics included the content and development of expectations over time.

Aging well with psychosis.

Background And Objectives: Despite the unique challenges faced by people living with a severe mental illness, little work has been done to understand how these populations can age well. This study therefore aimed to explore the views of mid to older aged adults living with a psychosis on what it means to age well, and how they might be supported in this endeavor.

Research Design And Methods: Semi-structured interviews were conducted with sixteen individuals (age 50-74 years) diagnosed with psychosis-related disorders (e.

Localisation and regulation of cholesterol transporters in the human hair follicle: mapping changes across the hair cycle.

Cholesterol has long been suspected of influencing hair biology, with dysregulated homeostasis implicated in several disorders of hair growth and cycling. Cholesterol transport proteins play a vital role in the control of cellular cholesterol levels and compartmentalisation. This research aimed to determine the cellular localisation, transport capability and regulatory control of cholesterol transport proteins across the hair cycle.

Reconstitution of rat fetal testis during the masculinisation programming window induces focal dysgenesis consistent with testicular dysgenesis syndrome.

Focal dysgenesis is a consistent feature of testicular dysgenesis syndrome (TDS) in humans. Rodent studies show that perturbation of androgens (e.g.

Update on the Role of NFκB in Promoting Aggressive Phenotypes of Estrogen Receptor-Positive Breast Cancer.

The majority of breast cancers are diagnosed as estrogen receptor-positive (ER+) and respond well to ER-targeted endocrine therapy. Despite the initial treatability of ER+ breast cancer, this subtype still accounts for the majority of deaths. This is partly due to the changing molecular characteristics of tumors as they progress to aggressive, metastatic, and frequently therapy resistant disease.

Inhibition of Shh Signaling through MAPK Activation Controls Chemotherapy-Induced Alopecia.

Chemotherapy-induced hair loss (alopecia) (CIA) remains a major unsolved problem in clinical oncology. CIA is often considered to be a consequence of the antimitotic and apoptosis-promoting properties of chemotherapy drugs acting on rapidly proliferating hair matrix keratinocytes. Here, we show that in a mouse model of CIA, the downregulation of Shh signaling in the hair matrix is a critical early event.

Cytoplasmic ERα and NFκB Promote Cell Survival in Mouse Mammary Cancer Cell Lines.

There is a desperate need in the field for mouse mammary tumors and cell lines that faithfully mimic estrogen receptor (ER) expression and activity found in human breast cancers. We found that several mouse mammary cancer cell lines express ER but fail to demonstrate classical estrogen-driven proliferation or transcriptional activity. We investigated whether these cell lines may be used to model tamoxifen resistance by using small molecule inhibitors to signaling pathways known to contribute to resistance.

A systematic review of the effects of psychosocial interventions on social functioning for middle-aged and older-aged adults with severe mental illness.

Objectives: The number of older adults with severe mental health problems such as schizophrenia is likely to double in the next 20 years. The needs of this patient group change across the life course, but difficulties with social functioning persist into older age. Poorer social functioning is associated with poorer outcomes and has been identified as a priority for intervention by patients themselves.

The complexities and synergies of engagement: an ethnographic study of engagement in outpatient pediatric rehabilitation sessions.

Purpose: To investigate client (youth/caregiver) and service provider engagement in outpatient pediatric rehabilitation therapy sessions.

Methods: In an ethnographic study, five research assistants attended 28 outpatient sessions, mostly delivered by occupational, physical, and speech-language therapists, and rated signs of client, provider, and relational engagement using the Pediatric Rehabilitation Intervention Measure of Engagement - Observation version. Post-session interviews were conducted individually with 13 youth, 15 caregivers, and 26 providers.

'I Didn't Know What to Expect': Describing Parents' Expectations in Children's Rehabilitation Services.

The aim of this paper is to provide a holistic description of the nature, formation and impact of parents' therapy related expectations. This qualitative descriptive study drew from initial and follow up interviews with 20 parents of children ≤ 6 years who had a developmental disability or delay and used therapy services at a children's treatment center in Ontario, Canada. Conventional content analysis was used to inductively generate themes and investigator triangulation was completed.

CDK4/6 inhibition mitigates stem cell damage in a novel model for taxane-induced alopecia.

Taxanes are a leading cause of severe and often permanent chemotherapy-induced alopecia. As the underlying pathobiology of taxane chemotherapy-induced alopecia remains poorly understood, we investigated how paclitaxel and docetaxel damage human scalp hair follicles in a clinically relevant ex vivo organ culture model. Paclitaxel and docetaxel induced massive mitotic defects and apoptosis in transit amplifying hair matrix keratinocytes and within epithelial stem/progenitor cell-rich outer root sheath compartments, including within Keratin 15+ cell populations, thus implicating direct damage to stem/progenitor cells as an explanation for the severity and permanence of taxane chemotherapy-induced alopecia.

The Nature, Value, and Experience of Engagement in Pediatric Rehabilitation: Perspectives of Youth, Caregivers, and Service Providers.

: To conduct a qualitative investigation of engagement in pediatric rehabilitation therapy.: Interviews were conducted with 10 youth, 10 caregivers, and 10 service providers. Transcripts were analyzed thematically using an inductive approach.

Chemotherapy-Induced Hair Loss: The Use of Biomarkers for Predicting Alopecic Severity and Treatment Efficacy.

Damage to hair follicles following exposure to toxic chemotherapeutics can cause substantial hair loss, commonly known as chemotherapy-induced alopecia (CIA). Preventive therapies remain limited; however, recent advances in the use of scalp cooling technologies have proved successful in preventing or reducing hair loss in some patients. Further improvements in scalp cooling efficacy and/or development of novel treatments to prevent chemotherapy-induced hair loss are required.

Insights into how phosphorylation of estrogen receptor at serine 305 modulates tamoxifen activity in breast cancer.

Estrogen receptor (ER) is the most important factor in the pathophysiology of breast cancer. Consequently, modulation of ER activity has been exploited to develop drugs against ER + breast cancer, such as tamoxifen, referred to as endocrine therapies. With deeper understanding of ER mechanism of action, posttranslational modifications (PTMs) are increasingly recognized as important in mediating ER activity.

Performance and visual arts-based programs for children with disabilities: a scoping review focusing on psychosocial outcomes.

There is a growing movement in pediatric rehabilitation to understand how approaches addressing aspects beyond body function contribute to enhanced psychosocial well-being. Among such approaches is the use of creative arts. A scoping review was undertaken to synthesize the current literature on performance and visual arts-based programs and outcomes for children with disabilities.