Photoluminescent Detection of Human T-Lymphoblastic Cells by ZnO Nanorods.

The precise detection of cancer cells currently remains a global challenge. One-dimensional (1D) semiconductor nanostructures (e.g.

Zinc oxide nanorod based immunosensing platform for the determination of human leukemic cells.

Zinc oxide (ZnO) based nanostructures owing unique physical properties - high photoluminescence, biocompatibility and other characteristics, therefore, they attract attention as building blocks suitable for biosensor development. In this research as a target we have used human leukemic cell line IM9 (IM9). IM9 was derived from the patient with a multiple myeloma and expressed cluster of differentiation proteins СD19 on the surface of 85-95% here investigated cancer cells.

Plasma and mitochondrial membrane perturbation induced by aluminum in human peripheral blood lymphocytes.

Aluminum is a redox-inert element that could induce cell damage via activation of oxidative stress. In this work, the effect of aluminum on different cellular compartments of human peripheral blood lymphocytes was studied. The presence of aluminum induced a lipid peroxidation and physico-chemical modifications at the membrane level.

[Zinc essentiality and toxicity. Biophysical aspects].

In this review the current conceptions concerning zinc biology, its metabolism and transport into the cells, its homeostasis, a role in the functioning of the human immune and endocrine systems, participation in cell signaling and its cytotoxicity, as well as the biophysical mechanisms of action of zinc ions action at the elevated concentrations on human blood cells were analyzed.

Fluorescence study of the membrane effects of aggregated lysozyme.

The last decade has seen unprecedented upsurge of interest in the structural and toxic properties of particular type of protein aggregates, amyloid fibrils, associated with a number of pathological states. In the present study fluorescence spectroscopy technique has been employed to gain further insight into the membrane-related mechanisms of amyloid toxicity. To this end, erythrocyte model system composed of liposomes and hemoglobin was subjected to the action of oligomeric and fibrillar lysozyme.

In vitro effect of AlCl3 on human erythrocytes: changes in membrane morphology and functionality.

Aluminum belongs to a group of potential toxic elements capable of penetrating the human body. In this paper, the effect of aluminum concentrations on red blood cell membranes using different fluorescent probes able to localize in various parts of the phospholipid bilayer (TMA-DPH, laurdan and pyrene) were studied. Our results confirm that human erythrocytes exposed to aluminum undergo physico-chemical modifications at the membrane level.

22-NBD-cholesterol as a novel fluorescent substrate for cholesterol-converting oxidoreductases.

Docking simulations and experimental data indicate that 22-(N-(7-nitrobenz-2-oxa-1,3-diazol-4-yl)amino)-23,24-bisnor-5-cholen-3β-ol (22-NBD-cholesterol), a common fluorescent sterol analog, binds into active sites of bovine cytochrome P450scc and microbial cholesterol dehydrogenases (CHDHs) and then undergoes regiospecific oxidations by these enzymes. The P450scc-dependent system was established to realize N-dealkylation activity toward 22-NBD-cholesterol, resulting in 7-nitrobenz[c][1,2,5]oxadiazole-4-amine (NBD-NH(2)) formation as a dominant fluorescent product. Basing on LC-MS data of the probes derivatized with hydroxylamine or cholesterol oxidase, both pregnenolone and 20-formyl-pregn-5-en-3β-ol were deduced to be steroidal co-products of NBD-NH(2), indicating intricate character of the reaction.

[Effect of cholesterol on the functional activity of proteins responsible for the resistance of human lymphocytes to xenobiotics].

The influence of agents modifying cholesterol in plasma membranes on the functional activity of transporter proteins (P-glycoprotein (P-gp) and the multidrug resistance protein 1 (MRP1)) in human lymphocytes has been studied. It was shown that changes in lateral distribution of cholesterol using the polyene antibiotic filipin, which disturb the structure and function of glycolipid microdomains in plasma membranes of lymphocytes lead to a decrease in the transport activity of both P-gp and MRP1. It was found that the treatment of human lymphocytes with the cyclic oligosaccharide methyl-beta-cyclodextrine, which leads to cholesterol depletion and reduction of lipid bilayer microviscosity in membranes of these cells, also decreases the functional activity of these proteins.

Apoptosis of peripheral human blood lymphocytes induced by physical-chemical influences and generation of reactive oxygen species.

The sensitivity of peripheral blood lymphocytes of healthy people (blood donors) to induced apoptotic processes and reactive oxygen species production under physical-chemical influences was evaluated in vitro.

Lead-induced changes in human erythrocytes and lymphocytes.

In the present work we studied, by chemiluminescence measurements, the influence of lead on the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in haemolysates obtained from human erythrocytes incubated in the presence of different concentrations of lead acetate. Moreover, we evaluated the modification of proteins and lipids in human erythrocyte and lymphocyte membranes by using the fluorescence probes N-(1-pyrene)maleimide (PM), laurdan and pyrene. No significant changes in chemiluminescence were detected for erythrocytes incubated with 1-10 microM lead acetate for 3 h at 37 degrees C.

[Damage to erythrocyte membranes induced by high-intensity ultrasound].

The effect of high-intensity ultrasound (11.2-54.2 W/cm2, frequency 36 kHz) on the structural and functional state of erythrocytes was investigated.

[Changes in lipid asymmetry and transport of glutathione conjugates under the influence of calcium ions in human erythrocytes].

The influence of calcium ions on the distribution of the fluorescent analog of phosphatidylcholine 2-(6-(7-nitrobenz-2-oxa-1,3-diazol-4-yl)amino)hexanoyl-1-hexadecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (C6-NBD-PC) in membranes and transport of glutathione-S-conjugates in human erythrocytes was studied. It was supposed that both processes were performed by the multidrug resistance protein. It was found that the increase in intracellular calcium concentration tended to both the redistribution of about 35% of C6-NBD-PC in the inner layer of the membrane and a decrease in the exit of glutathione-S-conjugates from erythrocytes.

Activity of membrane-bound NADH-methemoglobin reductase and physical state of lipids in erythrocyte membranes.

The activity of membrane-bound NADH-methemoglobin reductase in erythrocytes and the physical state of lipids in erythrocyte membranes under oxidative stress in cells were studied. A decrease of the activity of membrane-bound NADH-methemoglobin reductase and a change of physical state of the lipid bilayer of membranes under oxidative stress were found in erythrocytes in vivo and in vitro.

Biological activity of pentachlorophenol on the digestive gland cells of the freshwater mussel Unio tumidus.

Many chlorinated phenols and their derivatives are used extensively as insecticides, fungicides and herbicides by industrial and agricultural users throughout the world. Among these substances, pentachlorophenol (PCP) is a broad-spectrum biocide, which is still used as a wood preservative. In this paper, the digestive gland cells were used to assess the effect of PCP in the range of concentrations 3.

[Changes in the lipid physical state in human erythrocyte membranes subjected lead exposure in vitro].

The effect of lead acetate on the physical state of membrane lipids in human erythrocytes in vitro was studied using the lipophilic fluorescence probe 1,6-diphenyl-1,3,5-hexatriene and spin probes 16-doxyl-stearate and iminoxyl palmitic acid. It was shown that 2-10 microM lead acetate causes an increase in both intensity and polarization of fluorescence of 1,6-diphenyl-1,3,5-hexatriene, indicating changes in the microviscosity of the lipid bilayer of erythrocyte membranes. Judging from the parameters of EPR spectra of 16-doxyl stearate and iminoxyl palmitic acid incorporated into erythrocyte membranes, 2-10 microM lead acetate increases the heterogeneity of the lipid bilayer in surface and deep hydrophobic layers of the erythrocyte membrane.

[Effect of diamide on protein oxidation and physico-chemical properties of lipids in erythrocyte membranes].

The effect of diamide on the physicochemical state of proteins and lipids of human erythrocyte membrane was studied. It was found that diamide at a concentration of 1 mM decreases the content of the SH-groups of membrane proteins by approximately 50%, resulting in enhanced vesiculation of erythrocytes upon metabolic exhaustion of cells. It was shown using fluorescein isothiocyanate-labeled concanavalin A and 4,4'-diisothiocyano-2,2'-stilbene disulfonate that diamide changes the structural state of the main integral protein of erythrocyte membranes, the band 3 protein.

[Effect of reduced and oxidized glutathione on physico-chemical properties of erythrocyte membranes].

The parameters describing the structural and functional state of membranes depending on the level of reduced glutathione in erythrocytes were studied. It was shown, that the decrease in the concentration of reduced intracellular glutathione in erythrocytes upon metabolic depletion (prolonged incubation of cells at 37 degrees C in the absence of glucose) or a rapid irreversible depletion of glutathione with 1-chloro-2,4-dinitrobenzene enhances lipid peroxidation processes in membranes, inhibits the membrane-bound NAD.H methemoglobin reductase activity and decreases the intensity of 1,6-diphenyl-1,3,5-hexatrien fluorescence.

[Structural modification of erythrocyte membranes during oxidative stress and activity of membrane bound NADH-methemoglobin reductase].

The activity of NADH-methemoglobin reductase (metHb-reductase) in membranes isolated from human erythrocytes treated with phenylhydrazine at its sublytic concentration was studied. A decrease in the activity of membrane-bound metHb-reductase was shown to depend on the concentration of phenylhydrazine. Simultaneously, an increase in the level of membrane-bound methemoglobin and a change in the fluorescence parameters of membrane-bound 4,4'-diisothiocy-anatostilbene-2,2'-disulfonic acid were registered.

[Parameters of hemolysis by sodium dodecyl sulfate as an indicator of the structural states of erythrocyte membranes].

The relationship between the parameters (percentage and rate) of hemolysis by sodium dodecyl sulfate and the time of incubation of human erythrocyte suspensions in glucose-free medium at 37 degrees C was studied. The polyphasic changes in the parameters were found, which depend on the mode of pretreatment: ATP depletion by iodoacetate, heat denaturation of spectrin, and treatment of cells by valinomycin. It was found that the percentage and rate of detergent hemolysis do not always change in parallel.

[Oxidation of membrane proteins and modification of erythrocyte surface characteristics].

It is shown that the oxidation of membrane protein SH-groups of human erythrocytes by diamide leads to the intensification of vesiculation and the formation on the cell surface of "senescent antigens". These processes were studied during prolonged incubation of erythrocytes at 37 degrees C in the absence of glucose. It was found that the formation of vesicules in ATP-depleted cells correlated with the appearance of "senescent antigens" (r = 0.

[Vesiculation of erythrocytes during storage and connection of it with other processes in the cell].

The activation energies of three processes (AT-depended vesiculation, release of potassium ions from erythrocytes and formation of methemoglobin) in erythrocytes incubated in phosphate buffer are measured in the range 4-37 degrees C. It is show that the Arrhenius plots for the first two processes have the same characteristics namely break at temperature around 18 degrees C, and Ea-58 kJ/mol at t > 18 degrees C. These data suggest that the velocity of ATP-depended vesiculation of erythrocytes is determined by the membrane permeability to monovalent cations.

[Vesiculation and change of erythrocyte membrane proteins in storage of preserved blood and erythrocyte mass at 4 degrees C].

Erythrocyte vesiculation and changes in membrane protein composition during storage of blood and red cell concentrates in solution "Glugicir" at 4 +/- 2 degrees C have been studied. It is shown that the main part of vesicles is shedding after 9 days of storage. This process corresponds to a decrease of protein 3 and to polyphase changes of membrane-bound hemoglobin as is shown by gel-electrophoresis.

[Change of state of erythrocyte membrane proteins during storage of preserved blood].

Erythrocyte vesiculation, kinetic parameters of tryptophane phosphorescence at room temperature and activity of erythrocyte membrane during storage of human blood at 4 +/- 2 C were studied. It is shown that before the erythrocyte vesiculation stage (10-15 days of storage) two types of changes in the structural state of the membrane proteins occur: 1) on the 1-5th days and 2) on the 5-10th days of blood storage.

[Spectrophotometric study of synovial exudate in differential diagnosis of pigmented villonodular synovitis].

The authors have studied the spectrophotometric characteristics of the synovial exudates in the patients with diseases of the knee joint of various etiology. The presence of two main maximums of the absorption spectra has been revealed in the wave frequencies of 280 and 460-465 nm. It has been determined that with regard to the optical densitys in the protein component (280 nm) and the pigments (460 nm) absorption area it is possible to differentiate very precisely pigmented villondular synovitis and other pathologies.

[A fluorescence spectrometric study of synovial exudate in the diagnosis of chronic joint diseases].

The spectro-fluorescent characteristics of synovial exudate in different diseases of the knee joint were studied. It was established that in pigmented villonodular synovitis the position of the maximum of fluorescence spectrum of synovial exudate was in the range of 510-530 nm and in synovitis of other etiology 430-440 nm. The authors propose a method of differential diagnosis of pigmented villonodular synovitis by fluorescent parameters of synovial exudate.