In Vitro Susceptibility of Clinical and Carrier Strains of to STAFAL Phage Preparation.

The treatment of infections caused by is currently complicated by the increasing number of strains resistant to antimicrobial agents. One promising way to solve this problem is phage therapy. Due to the lack of data on the effectiveness and safety of phage preparations, STAFAL is the only registered phage preparation for the treatment of infectious diseases in the Slovak Republic and the entire European Union.

Genetic factors affecting susceptibility to dental caries.

Dental caries remains the most prevalent chronic, oral biofilm-associated disease affecting majority of the globe's population in all age categories. Despite enormous and revolutionary progress in omics technologies, it´s aetiology is not fully understood. The interest of current research is primarily focused on the identification and understanding of the crosstalk between main players such as host cell genome, oral microbiome´s genome, factors of immune response, saliva content and nutrition.

Role of female reproductive hormones and genetics in temporomandibular joint disorders.

The disorders of temporomandibular joint manifest clinically with disruptions in its movement and facial pain. Women exhibit a three-fold higher propensity for developing temporomandibular joint disorders compared to men. There are several studies describing the effects of female reproductive hormones on temporomandibular joint structures and pain perception, shedding light on the genetic influence underlying these conditions.

Characterization of bacteriophages infecting multidrug-resistant uropathogenic Escherichia coli strains.

Uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC) is the most common causative agent of urinary tract infections, and strains that are resistant to antibiotics are a major problem in treating these infections. Phage therapy is a promising alternative approach that can be used to treat infections caused by polyresistant bacterial strains. In the present study, 16 bacteriophages isolated from sewage and surface water were investigated.

Caffeic Acid Phosphanium Derivatives: Potential Selective Antitumor, Antimicrobial and Antiprotozoal Agents.

Caffeic acid (CA) is one of the most abundant natural compounds present in plants and has a broad spectrum of beneficial pharmacological activities. However, in some cases, synthetic derivation of original molecules can expand their scope. This study focuses on the synthesis of caffeic acid phosphanium derivatives with the ambition of increasing their biological activities.

Carbapenem-Resistant in COVID-19 Era-Challenges and Solutions.

The COVID-19 era brought about new medical challenges, which, together with nosocomial bacterial infections, resulted in an enormous burden for the healthcare system. One of the most alarming nosocomial threats was carbapenem-resistant (CRKP). Monitoring CRKP incidence and antimicrobial resistance globally and locally is vitally important.

Therapeutic Potential of Flavonoids and Tannins in Management of Oral Infectious Diseases-A Review.

Medicinal plants are rich sources of valuable molecules with various profitable biological effects, including antimicrobial activity. The advantages of herbal products are their effectiveness, relative safety based on research or extended traditional use, and accessibility without prescription. Extensive and irrational usage of antibiotics since their discovery in 1928 has led to the increasing expiration of their effectiveness due to antibacterial resistance.

Susceptibility of Staphylococcus aureus strains to commercial therapeutic phage preparations.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to determine the susceptibility of Staphylococcus aureus strains to commercial phage preparations. The strains were isolated from clinical patients as well as from nasal mucosa of healthy carriers.

Background: The elevating number of antibiotic-resistant S.

Antibacterial Activity of Medicinal Plants and Their Constituents in the Context of Skin and Wound Infections, Considering European Legislation and Folk Medicine-A Review.

Bacterial infections of skin and wounds may seriously decrease the quality of life and even cause death in some patients. One of the largest concerns in their treatment is the growing antimicrobial resistance of bacterial infectious agents and the spread of resistant strains not only in the hospitals but also in the community. This trend encourages researchers to seek for new effective and safe therapeutical agents.

Characterization of Anti-Bacterial Effect of the Two New Phages against Uropathogenic .

Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are among the events that most frequently need medical intervention. Uropathogenic are frequently their causative agents and the infections are sometimes complicated by the presence of polyresistant nosocomial strains. Phage therapy is a tool that has good prospects for the treatment of these infections.

Excellent antibacterial activity of Slovak honeys on bacteria mostly infecting chronic wounds.

Introduction And Aim Of Study: Chronic wounds are commonly colonized by various bacterial species and colonization frequently turns into wound infection, severely impairing healing process. With increasing antimicrobial resistance, the antimicrobial treatment of chronic wounds may be extremely challenging. Rediscovery of old and forgotten antimicrobial therapeutic options, such as apitherapy, may contribute to solving the problem of incurable chronic wound infections.

Characterization of Clinical and Carrier and Prophage Contribution to the Strain Variability.

(group B Streptococcus, GBS) represents a leading cause of invasive bacterial infections in newborns and is also responsible for diseases in older and immunocompromised adults. Prophages represent an important factor contributing to the genome plasticity and evolution of new strains. In the present study, prophage content was analyzed in human GBS isolates.

Biofilm-producing potential of urinary pathogens isolated from chronic and recurrent urinary tract infections and impact of biofilm on gentamicin and colistin in vitro efficacy.

Aim: The presented study was to compare in vitro biofilm production by bacterial strains from chronic/recurrent and from acute non-complicated UTIs. The activity of gentamicin and colistin on biofilm form of these strains has also been detected, with goal to predict the gentamicin and colistin therapeutic efficacy in the antimicrobial treatment of patients with a suspected presence of biofilm in urinary tract.

Material And Methods: The group of 40 bacterial strains repeatedly isolated from patients with chronic or recurrent UTIs was compared with the group of 40 strains from acute UTIs.

Antimicrobial and Antioxidant Properties of Four Taxa and an Interaction Study of Their Major Compounds.

The compositions of leaf infusions of three genotypes of L. with origins in central Europe, namely A (LeuA), B (LeuB), and C (LeuC), and one genotype of (Lex), were examined by LC-MS-DAD (Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectrometry and Diode Array Detection) analysis. This revealed the presence of thirteen compounds belonging to the groups of phenolic acids and flavonoids, with a predominance of rosmarinic acid (RA) and luteolin-7--glucuronide (LGlr).

Derivatization of Rosmarinic Acid Enhances its in vitro Antitumor, Antimicrobial and Antiprotozoal Properties.

On its own, rosmarinic acid possesses multiple biological activities such as anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, cardioprotective and antitumor properties, and these are the consequence of its ROS scavenging and inhibitory effect on inflammation. In this study, two quaternary phosphonium salts of rosmarinic acid were prepared for the purpose of increasing its penetration into biological systems with the aim of improving its antimicrobial, antifungal, antiprotozoal and antitumor activity. The synthetized molecules, the triphenylphosphonium and tricyclohexylphosphonium salts of rosmarinic acid, exhibited significantly stronger inhibitory effects on the growth of HCT116 cells with IC values of 7.

Characterisation of Cronobacter strains isolated from hospitalised adult patients.

Bacteria belonging to the genus Cronobacter are opportunistic pathogens known for causing rare but serious infections in neonates, including meningitis, necrotising enterocolitis and sepsis. Cronobacter infections occur also in adult populations, however, they generally have milder manifestations and their prevalence is uncertain. In this study, the presence of Cronobacter strains from adult patients in the University Hospital in Bratislava was investigated and overall 18 confirmed isolates from 321 patients (5.

Antibiofilm Activity of Plant Polyphenols.

In the history of human medicine, antibiotics represent epochal examples of medical progress. However, with an approaching antibiotic crisis due to the emergence and extensive spread of antimicrobial resistance among bacterial agents, as well as to increasing number of patients with chronic and recalcitrant bacterial biofilm-associated infections, the naturally occurring molecules may become new sources of antibacterial and antibiofilm drugs for clinical usage. Polyphenols represent a class of plant natural products which are important in plant defense against microbial pathogens.

The Activity of Cotinus coggygria Scop. Leaves on Staphylococcus aureus Strains in Planktonic and Biofilm Growth Forms.

The purpose of this study was to detect the effectiveness of Cotinus coggygria Scop. leaves methanol extract against planktonic and biofilm growth forms of Staphylococcus aureus. The antimicrobial activity was determined by the broth microdilution test.

Lycopus europaeus: phenolic fingerprint, antioxidant activity and antimicrobial effect on clinical Staphylococcus aureus strains.

Lycopus europaeus L. leaves water extract (LEL) was subjected to phytochemical analysis, and evaluated for its antibacterial and antioxidant effects. Antibacterial activity testing was performed on Staphylococcus aureus clinical strains from catheter-related and skin infections by broth microdilution test.

[Antibiofilm activity of agents for disinfection of skin, mucosa, and wound on microorganisms isolated from patients with catheter-related infections].

Aim Of The Study: To evaluate the activity of four disinfectious agents used for skin, mucosa and wound disinfection (chlorhexidine digluconate, povidone-iodine, octenidine hydrochloride, super oxygenated water) on the biofilm of Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli and Candida sp. strains, isolated from patients with catheter-related infections.

Material And Methods: The tested agents were applied on 24-hours biofilm in the microtiter plate wells.

Rosmarinic acid interaction with planktonic and biofilm Staphylococcus aureus.

The subject of study was the evaluation of antibacterial activities of rosmarinic acid (RA) on clinical Staphylococcus aureus strains obtained from catheter-related infections. Minimal inhibitory (MIC) and minimal bactericidal concentrations (MBC) of RA were tested by broth microdilution assay. Biofilm-eradication activity was detected on 24-hour biofilm in microtiter plates using a regrowth technique; activity on biofilm formation was measured by a microtiter plate method after RA application to bacterial samples after 0, 1, 3 and 6 hours of biofilm development.

Enterococcus faecalis and Candida albicans in the dental root canal and periapical infections.

Objective: The aim of the present study was to examine the prevalence of Enterococcus faecalis and Candida albicans in endodontic infections.

Methods: Samples for microbiological examination were collected from 32 patients with deep dental caries, infected dental root canal, or periapical infection.

Results: Cultivation of the dental samples yielded four strains of Enterococcus faecalis (12.

In vitro efficacy of various topical antimicrobial agents in different time periods from contamination to application against 6 multidrug-resistant bacterial strains isolated from burn patients.

Aim: In vitro efficacy evaluation of eleven topical antimicrobials against multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacteria isolated from burn wounds of our patients.

Material And Methods: Growth of six MDR bacterial strains: Pseudomonas aeruginosa (2 strains), Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus haemolyticus, Enterococcus faecalis and Escherichia coli in burn-wound models was evaluated 24-h after application of the tested agents. Four different wound models were created to investigate the role of time elapsed between inoculation of bacteria and application of the agents on their antimicrobial activity and efficacy.

Bactofection with toll-like receptor 4 in a murine model of urinary tract infection.

The role of innate immunity in the prevention of urinary tract infection is well-documented. Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) is a major determinant of innate immune response. In an animal model of urinary tract infection, bactofection-mediated gene transfer of TLR4 was tested in a preventive approach.

[Susceptibility of Staphylococcus aureus biofilms to vancomycin, gemtamicin and rifampin].

Study Objectives: To detect biofilm formation in Staphylococcus aureus strains and to determine the minimal biofilm inhibition concentrations (MBIC) and the minimal biofilm eradicating concentrations (MBEC) of vancomycin, gentamicin and rifampin. To compare the MBIC and MBEC with the minimal inhibition concentration (MIC) and minimal bactericidal concentration (MBC) data for planktonic Staphylococcus aureus forms that are commonly used in antimicrobial susceptibility testing for the purposes of individualized therapy.

Patients And Methods: Fifteen S.