Incidence of betapapillomaviruses in the tumour and perilesional healthy skin in patients with basal cell carcinoma depending on sex, age, hair colour, tumour subtype, its location and dissemination.

Introduction: Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) is the most common skin cancer in the Caucasian population. It is believed that infections caused by viruses from the genus (β-HPV) might be associated with the risk of BCC, but the spread of data on the prevalence of the virus in biopsies is significant.

Aim: To assess the presence and diversity of β-HPV in skin samples taken from the tumour and a fragment of healthy skin from the patients with BCC, as well as checking the correlation of factors listed below and presence of β-HPV infection in the studied patients.

The impact of HPV infection on human glycogen and lipid metabolism - a review.

Reinterpretation of the Wartburg effect leads to understanding aerobic glycolysis as a process that provides considerable amount of molecular precursors for the production of lipids, nucleotides and amino acids that are necessary for continuous growth and rapid proliferation characteristic for cancer cells. Human papilloma virus (HPV) is a number one cause of cervical carcinoma with 99% of the cervical cancer patients being HPV positive. This tight link between HPV and cancer raises the question if and how HPV impact cells to reprogram their metabolism? Focusing on early phase proteins E1, E2, E5, E6 and E7 we demonstrate that HPV activates plethora of metabolic pathways and directly influences enzymes of the glycolysis pathway to promote the Warburg effect by increasing glucose uptake, activating glycolysis and pentose phosphate pathway, increasing the level of lactate dehydrogenase A synthesis and inhibiting β-oxidation.

Dual Switch in Lipid Metabolism in Cervical Epithelial Cells during Dysplasia Development Observed Using Raman Microscopy and Molecular Methods.

Cellular lipid metabolism is significantly transformed during oncogenesis. To assess how dysplasia development influences lipid cellular metabolisms and what is the molecular background behind it, cervical epithelial cells of 63 patients assigned to seven groups (based on the cytological examination and HPVhr test results) were studied using a multimethodological approach including Raman microscopy and molecular methods. The consistent picture obtained studying the lipid content, cell inflammation, gene methylation (hence SREBP1 inhibition) and level of mitochondrial DNA copies (indirectly the number of mitochondria) showed that changes in lipid metabolism were multidirectional.

Sequence variation analysis of the E1 and E2 genes of human papillomavirus type 16 in cervical lesions in women from the south of Poland.

The E1 and E2 genes of the human papillomavirus encode the so-called early proteins, their sequences are conserved, and regulatory functions are associated with the viral oncoproteins. The purpose of this study is to determine the HPV16 E1 and E2 mutations appearing in the female population of southern Poland, depending on the severity of cervical pathological changes. We also take into account the number of E1 and E2 mutations detected in the E6 gene variant (350G or 350T).

Comparison and evaluation of three different molecular methods for detection of human Betapapillomaviruses in skin biopsies from patients with nonmelanoma skin cancer and precancerous lesions.

Betapapillomaviruses have been linked to the development of nonmelanoma skin cancers. A great diversity of these viruses in skin specimens requires the use of sensitive and reliable detection methods. There are currently no standardized assays for diagnostic purposes.

HPV Infection Significantly Accelerates Glycogen Metabolism in Cervical Cells with Large Nuclei: Raman Microscopic Study with Subcellular Resolution.

Using Raman microscopy, we investigated epithelial cervical cells collected from 96 women with squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) or belonging to groups I, IIa, IIID-1 and IIID-2 according to Munich III classification (IIID-1 and IIID-2 corresponding to Bethesda LSIL and HSIL groups, respectively). All women were tested for human papillomavirus (HPV) infection using PCR. Subcellular resolution of Raman microscopy enabled to understand phenotypic differences in a heterogeneous population of cervical cells in the following groups: I/HPV, IIa/HPV, IIa/HPV, LSIL/HPV, LSIL/HPV, HSIL/HPV, HSIL/HPV and cancer cells (SCC/HPV).

Food and drug administration - approved molecular methods for detecting human papillomavirus infection.

In the world, there are many tests that allow the detection of HPV infection. These tests are based on different operating principles and have different levels of sensitivity. The first test to detect HPV infection was approved by the Food and Drug Administration in 2003.

Differences in the prognosis of HPV16-positive patients with squamous cell carcinoma of head and neck according to viral load and expression of P16.

Purpose: To evaluate the impact of HPV16 load (VL-the number of virus genome copies per cell) and P16 expression on prognosis of patients with squamous cell carcinomas (SCCs) of head and neck (HN).

Materials And Methods: HPV16 presence was assessed in the group of 109 patients with HNSCCs by quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). VL (assessed by qPCR) and P16 expression (evaluated by immunohistochemistry) were analysed only in the subgroup of HPV16-positive tumours.

HPV16 E6 polymorphism and physical state of viral genome in relation to the risk of cervical cancer in women from the south of Poland.

The aim of this study was to analyse the correlation between HPV16 E6 variants and the physical status of viral genome (integrated, mixed, episomal) among patients with cervical cancer (n=40) and low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions - LSIL (n=40). The study was performed on 80 HPV16 positive samples. HPV16 E6 variants were identified using PCR and DNA sequencing.

HPV16 detection by qPCR method in relation to quantity and quality of DNA extracted from archival formalin fixed and paraffin embedded head and neck cancer tissues by three commercially available kits.

The aim of the present study was to compare HPV16 detection by quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) in relation to the quantity and quality of DNA isolated from 21 formalin fixed and paraffin embedded (FFPE) head and neck cancer tissues by three commercially available kits: EX-WAX™ DNA Extraction Kit (M) (Merck Millipore, Darmstadt, Germany), QIAamp(®) DNA FFPE Tissue (Q) (Qiagen, Hilden, Germany) and ReliaPrep™ FFPE gDNA Miniprep System (P) (Promega, Madison, USA). Quantity of extracted DNA was assessed spectrophometrically and fluorometrically. Its quality was analyzed using A260/280 and A260/230 ratios and the β-actin fragment amplifiability in qPCR.

Multiplex real-time PCR to identify a possible reinfection with different strains of human cytomegalovirus in allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplant recipients.

Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) infection remains the leading cause of serious contagious complications after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. These infections in HCMV-seropositive recipients can be due to reactivation or reinfection. Different HCMV strains were identified by determining the genotypes isolated from repeatedly tested patients.

Physical state of human papillomavirus type 16 in cervical intraepithelial lesions and cancers determined by two different quantitative real-time PCR methods.

The aim of this study was to analyse the correlation between a new multiplex qPCR assay and a reference qPCR assay for assessment of the human papillomavirus (HPV16) load and the viral genome status. The study was performed on 100 HPV16 positive samples containing premalignant lesions and carcinomas. HPV16 E2 and E6 gene loads were assessed by two PCR methods.

Differences in the expression of human papillomavirus type 16 (HPV-16) E6 oncogene mRNA in SiHa cell line inoculated with CMV, HSV or ureaplasmas.

One of the factors associated with an increased risk of HPV-related malignant transformation may be bacterial and/or viral infections. The aim of our study was to examine whether the presence of infectious agents commonly detected in the genitourinary tract such as herpesviruses (HSV, CMV), and ureaplasmas (Ureaplasma urealyticum, Ureaplasma parvum) may lead to alterations in the expression of the HPV-16 E6 oncogene. Quantitative RT-PCR analysis was used to assess the level of HPV-16 E6 mRNA expression in SiHa cells.

Comparison of the sensitivity and specificity of real-time PCR and in situ hybridization in HPV16 and 18 detection in archival cervical cancer specimens.

The aim of this study was to analyze the correlation between real-time PCR (RT-PCR) treated as a reference method and in situ hybridization with tyramide amplification system (ISH-TSA) in the detection of HPV16 and 18 infection and the assessment of viral genome status. The study was performed on cervical cancer biopsies fixed in 10% neutral buffered formalin and embedded in paraffin obtained from 85 women. TaqMan-based 5'exonuclease RT-PCR with type-specific primers was used to assess HPV16 and 18 infections and genome status.

Irradiation-induced bone sarcoma in a patient treated for cervix cancer 28 years earlier.

Aim Of The Study: To present a case of a patient with cervical carcinoma in stage IIA who was diagnosed with pelvic bone sarcoma 28 years after radiotherapy.

Case Presentation: A 37-year-old woman with IIA cervix cancer was treated with external beam irradiation and brachytherapy. The patient had undergone conventionally fractionated external beam irradiation using the "box" technique, with the total dose of 50 Gy and brachytherapy with radium applicators (intrauterine tube and fornix applicator) with the dose of 60 Gy calculated at point A.

[UL55 genotype diversity of cytomegalovirus strains isolated from newborns and infants hospitalized in southern Poland].

Studies on cytomegalovirus (HCMV) infections more often draw attention to the differences in tropism, pathogenicity and virulence of the virus depending on its genotype. The aim of this study was to assess the individual gB genotypes which are encoded in UL55 region of HCMV genome in a population of newborns and infants from Southern Poland. Genotypic analysis was carried out on 53 children (16 newborns and 37 neonates) with confirmed HCMV infection.

[Differentiation of an integrated and episomal HPV-16 DNA using real-time PCR in cervical specimens of women diagnosed with intraepithelial lesions and invasive cervical cancer].

Unlabelled: Persistent high-risk HPV infection, especially HPV-16, is considered to be an important step in the process of cervical carcinogenesis. Integration of viral DNA into the host genome through the destruction of HPV E2 sequences, increases the expression of viral proteins E6 and E7 and their participation in the transformation of cervical cancer.

Objective: The aim of this study was to apply real-time PCR (RT-PCR) to assess the prevalence of integrated and episomal HPV-16 DNA and determine viral DNA load in women with cervical intraepithelial lesions and invasive cervical cancer

Material And Methods: A total of 84 women infected with HPV-16, including 44 with LSIL, 7 with HSIL and 33 with invasive cervical cancer participated in the study Cervical specimens were collected using the cytobrush.

Lymphotropic herpesvirus DNA detection in patients with active CMV infection - a possible role in the course of CMV infection after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation.

Background: The natural history of cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection and disease in transplant recipients prompts researchers to look for other factors contributing to this infection. The ubiquity of lymphotropic herpesviruses (EBV, HHV-6, and HHV-7) and the possibility of their activation during immunosuppression may suggest their participation in progression of CMV infection in patients after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT).

Material/methods: The presence of CMV, EBV, HHV-6 and HHV-7 was confirmed through detection of viral DNA isolated from leukocytes.

[Is the presence of herpesviruses in cervical secretions a prognostic factor for cervical pathology in HPV-positive women?].

Cervical carcinogenesis is a complex problem where papillomavirus is widely accepted as a causative agent. The correlation of CMV, EBV, HSV-1, HSV-2 with precancerous and cancer cervical lesions was investigated in 125 women with different diagnosis: LSIL- 44, HSIL- 12, cervical carcinoma-27 vs. 42 women without abnormality in cytology (control group).

Herpesviruses as possible cofactors in HPV-16-related oncogenesis.

Cervical carcinogenesis is a complex problem with papillomavirus widely accepted as a causative agent. Integration of a human papillomavirus (HPV) of the high-risk type into the host cell genome is one of the major contributing factors to cervical malignant transformation. In this study, the correlation of CMV, EBV, HSV-1, HSV-2, HHV-6 and HHV-7 infections with the physical status of the HPV genome in cervical cancer and precancerous cervical lesions was investigated in sixty HPV-16-positive women.

Physical state of human papillomavirus type 16 in cervical cell DNA.

Multiplex PCR with specific primers for E2/E6 genes was used to assess the viral integration status of HPV-16 in women with low and high grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (LSIL and HSIL, respectively) in comparison to cervical cancer patients. Women with confirmed HPV-16 infection were examined: 30 with LSIL, 12 with HSIL and 23 with cervical cancer. The PCR products were separated electrophoretically in agarose gels and densitometric analysis was performed using Bio-Rad Quantity One software.

Genotype-specific human papillomavirus detection in cervical smears.

Human papillomavirus (HPV) is widely accepted as a causative agent of cervical cancer. The distribution and prevalence of HPV types depend on geographic region and demographic factors. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between the presence of various HPV types and the outcome of cytological examination.

[May ureaplasmas in genital tract of HPV-positive women influence abnormal cytology of cervix?].

The aim of the study was to estimate the incidence of Ureaplasma urealyticum (U.u.) and Ureaplasma parvum (Up.

Detection of human papillomavirus in cervical cell specimens by hybrid capture and PCR with different primers.

The purpose of this study was to compare hybrid capture assay with PCRs using different primers for the L1, E6-E7 regions for the detection of human papillomavirus (HPV) genome. One hundred twenty-five cervical smears with normal (n=42) and abnormal (n=83) cytology were investigated. Those at high-risk for HPV were studied by hybridization antibody capture assay and PCR with the pU-1M/pU-2R primers.

[Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infections in patients treated with allogenic hematopoietic cells transplantation (allo-HCT)].

Objective: Assessment of frequency and clinical course of EBV infection in patients that underwent non-manipulated allo-HCT from matched-related donors.

Methods: Active EBV infection was confirmed based on the presence of anti-EA antibodies (ELISA) and/or viral DNA (nPCR) isolated from peripheral leukocytes. For positive DNA-isolations semi-quantitative analysis were done.