Research Agenda for Physical Therapy From the American Physical Therapy Association.

Unlabelled: Research agendas play an important role in directing scholarly inquiry in a field. The Research Agenda for Physical Therapy From the American Physical Therapy Association (APTA) outlines research priorities that are vital to advancing physical therapist practice and the profession. The development of the research agenda included multiple iterative steps and feedback from stakeholders.

An investigation of neurological and/or biomechanical factors underpinning the effect of a thrust manipulation on chronic ankle symptoms: an observational study.

Background: Ankle sprains are a commonly occurring musculoskeletal injury potentially resulting in persistent pain and/or altered motion. Thrust manipulation may serve as an interventional strategy but limited evidence exists on the mechanism(s) by which a change to symptoms might occur.

Objective: The study sought to quantify the immediate effect of a thrust manipulation to the ankle to determine a mechanism by which change to symptoms occurred.

Effects of Trigger Point Dry Needling on Strength Measurements and Activation Levels of the Gluteus Medius: A Quasi-Experimental Randomized Control Study.

Background: Latent trigger points have been identified as a source of impaired muscle function giving rise to a reduction in force production and alterations in muscle activation patterns and movement efficiency. There is limited investigation into the effectiveness of a treatment in reducing these clinical manifestations.

Purpose: To investigate whether the application of trigger point dry needling (TDN) to latent trigger points within the gluteus medius musculature affected strength measurements and muscle activation levels immediately following intervention.

Current Trends in Blood Flow Restriction.

The purpose of the study was to explore how individuals in the United States of America applied BFR/KAATSU devices and administered BFR/KAATSU training. In addition, the study sought to examine safety topics related to BFR/KAATSU training. The study was completed using survey research.

Late-onset swallowing outcomes post-treatment for head and neck cancer in a UK-based population.

Background: Adverse swallowing outcomes following head and neck squamous cell carcinoma treatment in the context of late-onset post-radiotherapy changes can occur more than five years post-treatment.

Methods: A retrospective study was conducted utilising patient records from March 2013 to April 2015. Patients were categorised into 'swallow dysfunction' and 'normal swallow' groups.

PAs are a solution to the growing need for clinicians to treat an aging population.

Objective: To elucidate the types of patients cared for by physician assistants (PAs), specifically older adults and those with complex medical conditions.

Methods: A nationwide survey was sent to PAs asking about their practice demographics, including the complexity of their patients and the types of treatment they provide; 676 responded.

Results: Less than 2% of PAs specialize in geriatrics but 92.

Metformin-Associated Lactic Acidosis Presenting Like Acute Mesenteric Ischemia.

Background: Metformin-associated lactic acidosis is a rare but serious complication of taking metformin. Making the diagnosis in the emergency department requires vigilance because the presentation can mimic other diseases.

Case Report: We present a case of a patient with diabetes who presented moribund with symptoms and signs consistent with mesenteric ischemia.

Delay discounting and utility for money or weight loss.

Objective: Obesity is related to a bias towards smaller immediate over larger delayed rewards. This bias is typically examined by studying single commodity discounting. However, weight loss often involves choices among multiple commodities.

Development and feasibility of a Swallowing intervention Package (SiP) for patients receiving radiotherapy treatment for head and neck cancer-the SiP study protocol.

Background: Head and neck cancer (HNC) is the sixth most common cancer worldwide, and the functional, psychological and social consequences of HNC cancer and its treatment can be severe and chronic. Dysphagia (swallowing problems) affects up to two thirds of patients undergoing combined chemoradiotherapy. Recent reviews suggest that prophylactic swallowing exercises may improve a range of short- and long-term outcomes; however, the importance of psychological and behavioural factors on adherence to swallowing exercises has not been adequately studied.

Shoulder Injuries in Individuals Who Participate in CrossFit Training.

Background: CrossFit, a sport and fitness program, has become increasingly popular both nationally and internationally. Researchers have recently identified significant improvements in health and wellness due to CrossFit. However, some individuals assert that CrossFit poses an inherent risk of injury, specifically to the shoulder, due to the intensity of training.

Eccentric Exercise Versus Eccentric Exercise and Soft Tissue Treatment (Astym) in the Management of Insertional Achilles Tendinopathy.

Background: Eccentric exercise is commonly used in the management of Achilles tendinopathy (AT) but its effectiveness for insertional AT has been questioned. Soft tissue treatment (Astym) combined with eccentric exercise could result in better outcomes than eccentric exercise alone.

Hypothesis: Soft tissue treatment (Astym) plus eccentric exercise will be more effective than eccentric exercise alone for subjects with insertional AT.

THE MINIMUM CLINICALLY IMPORTANT DIFFERENCE ON THE VISA-A AND LEFS FOR PATIENTS WITH INSERTIONAL ACHILLES TENDINOPATHY.

Study Design: Cohort study of subjects with insertional Achilles tendinopathy (IAT).

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to establish the minimum clinically important difference (MCID) on the Victorian Institute of Sport Assessment - Achilles Questionnaire (VISA-A) and the Lower Extremity Functional Scale (LEFS) for patients with IAT.

Background: The VISA-A and LEFS are two measures commonly utilized for patients with IAT.

Evidence-Based Management Of Acute Hand Injuries In The Emergency Department.

Although injuries of the hand are infrequently life-threatening, they are common in the emergency department and are associated with significant patient morbidity and medicolegal risk for physicians. Care of patients with acute hand injury begins with a focused history and physical examination. In most clinical scenarios, a diagnosis is achieved clinically or with plain radiographs.

The prevalence of lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender health education and training in emergency medicine residency programs: what do we know?

Background: The Institute of Medicine, The Joint Commission, and the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services all have recently highlighted the need for cultural competency and provider education on lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender (LGBT) health.

The relative effectiveness of segment specific level and non-specific level spinal joint mobilization on pain and range of motion: results of a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Study Design: Systematic literature review and meta-analysis.

Objective: IN SYMPTOMATIC SUBJECTS TO: (1) examine the effects of a single session of joint mobilization on pain at rest and with most painful movement, and (2) compare the effects when joint mobilization is provided to a specific or non-specific spinal level.

Background: Joint mobilization is routinely used for treating spinal pain in conjunction with other interventions, but its unique effect is not well understood.

Prediction of functional outcome at six months following total hip arthroplasty.

Background: Recovery of function such as the ability to walk without an assistive device after total hip arthroplasty (THA) is not always automatic.

Objective: This study investigated whether predetermined variables could be used to identify patients who might have functional limitations at 6 months following THA.

Design: A prospective, observational cohort design was used.

The neurophysiological effects of a single session of spinal joint mobilization: does the effect last?

Studies detailing the neurophysiological effects of spinal manual therapy have fueled a paradigm shift away from a strict biomechanical model. However, a recent systematic review of the temporal nature of a single session of spinal thrust manipulation found that the neurophysiological effects were only temporary. The objective of this review was to examine the temporal nature of neurophysiological effects after one session of spinal mobilization.

Management of chronic ankle pain using joint mobilization and ASTYM® treatment: a case report.

Treatment of ankle sprains predominately focuses on the acute management of this condition; less emphasis is placed on the treatment of ankle sprains in the chronic phase of recovery. Manual therapy, in the form of joint mobilization and manipulation, has been shown to be effective in the management of this condition, but the combination of joint mobilization and manipulation in tandem with ASTYM® treatment has not been explored. The purpose of this case report is to chronicle the management of a patient with chronic ankle pain who was treated with manual therapy including manipulation and ASTYM treatment.

Differential diagnosis of shoulder and cervical pain: a case report.

Patients are frequently referred to physical therapy with the diagnosis of shoulder and arm pain. During examination and evaluation of the patient, the physical therapist must consider all potential causes of the patient's symptoms. Three questions are used as the conceptual basis for a diagnosis-based clinical decision rule in the management of mechanical and non-mechanical musculoskeletal pain when addressing the differential diagnosis of a patient's condition.

Dimensionality of measures for severe unilateral ankle arthritis.

Objective: To analyze the dimensionality of 2 self-report outcome measures (Foot/Ankle Disability Index [FADI] and Short-Form [SF]-36), 3 biomechanical measures (stance and step symmetry measures, gait speed, and step width), 2 physical-performance measures (timed get-up and go [TUG] and 4-square step test [4SST]), and 1 clinician-report outcome measure (American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society [AOFAS] Hindfoot Scale) in a patient population with unilateral ankle arthritis. These measures captured the following functions: mobility and speed, pain and its relationship to function, social integration, and symmetry and efficiency of gait.

Design: Case series design.

Healthcare-associated pneumonia in the emergency department.

Emergency medicine clinicians frequently diagnose and treat patients with pneumonia. The recent recognition of healthcare-associated pneumonia (HCAP) mandates that emergency medicine clinicians remain current and able to distinguish this from community-acquired pneumonia. This article reviews the diagnosis and management of HCAP from the perspective of the emergency medicine clinician.

The AIDS patient with abdominal pain: a new challenge for the emergency physician.

As the prevalence of HIV infection continues to increase, EPs will be called upon to evaluate increasing numbers of AIDS patients who have abdominal pain, some of whom will require emergent surgical intervention. In addition to the myriad causes of abdominal pain in the nonimmunocompromised patient, the differential diagnosis in the AIDS patient includes a wide variety of opportunistic infections and neoplasms (Table 5). Evaluation frequently requires extensive laboratory studies and cultures and advanced imaging (CT, ultrasound, and so forth).

Myonecrosis caused by Edwardsiella tarda: a case report and case series of extraintestinal E. tarda infections.

Edwardsiella tarda is an unusual human pathogen. It is primarily associated with gastrointestinal disease, although recent reports of extraintestinal disease are broadening the current understanding of the clinical spectrum of E. tarda.

Emergency department presentations of typhoid fever.

Typhoid fever, a systemic infectious disease caused by Salmonella typhi, is classically characterized by fever, paradoxical bradycardia, abdominal pain, and a rose colored rash. This was a retrospective review of 21 confirmed cases over a 5-year period. Mean age was 32.